arXiv subjects

Bin Yan

Publications and source records attributed to Bin Yan.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

arXiv2022

Probing the dark photon via polarized DIS scattering at the HERA and EIC

The dark photon is widely predicted in many new physics beyond the Standard Model. In this work, we propose to utilize the polarized lepton cross section in neutral current DIS process at the HERA and upcoming Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) to probe the properties of the dark photon. It shows that we can constrain the mixing parameter $ε<0.02$ when the dark photon mass $m_{A_D}<10 ~{\rm GeV}$ at the HERA with polarized lepton beam and this bound is comparable to the limit from the unpolarized HERA data. With the help of high integrated luminosity and high electron beam polarization of the EIC, the upper limit of the $ε$ could be further improved. Depending on the assumption of the systematic error of the cross section measurements, we obtain $ε<0.01\sim 0.02$ for the mass region $m_{A_D}<10~{\rm GeV}$ under the integrated luminosity of $300~{\rm fb}^{-1}$. We also discuss the complementary roles between the cross section and the single-spin asymmetry measurements in probing the dark photon.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2022

Towards Grand Unification of Object Tracking

We present a unified method, termed Unicorn, that can simultaneously solve four tracking problems (SOT, MOT, VOS, MOTS) with a single network using the same model parameters. Due to the fragmented definitions of the object tracking problem itself, most existing trackers are developed to address a single or part of tasks and overspecialize on the characteristics of specific tasks. By contrast, Unicorn provides a unified solution, adopting the same input, backbone, embedding, and head across all tracking tasks. For the first time, we accomplish the great unification of the tracking network architecture and learning paradigm. Unicorn performs on-par or better than its task-specific counterparts in 8 tracking datasets, including LaSOT, TrackingNet, MOT17, BDD100K, DAVIS16-17, MOTS20, and BDD100K MOTS. We believe that Unicorn will serve as a solid step towards the general vision model. Code is available at https://github.com/MasterBin-IIAU/Unicorn.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2022

Jet Charge: A new tool to probe the anomalous $Zb\bar{b}$ couplings at the EIC

We propose to utilize the average jet charge weighted single-spin asymmetry $A_e^{bQ}$ in the neutral current DIS scattering with one $b$-tagged jet produced at the EIC to probe the $Zb\bar{b}$ interactions. This novel observable is sensitive to the axial-vector component of the $Zb\bar{b}$ coupling and is complementary to the single-spin asymmetry measurement at the EIC and the $gg\to Zh$ cross section measurement at the HL-LHC in the determination of the $Zb\bar{b}$ couplings. We show that the apparent degeneracy of the $Zb\bar{b}$ couplings, implied by the LEP and SLC precision electroweak data, can be broken by the $A_e^{bQ}$ measurement at the EIC. With a large enough integrated luminosity collected at the EIC, the measurement of $A_e^{bQ}$ could also resolve the long-standing discrepancy of $A_{\rm FB}^b$ at the LEP, strongly dependent on the $b$-tagging efficiency.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2022

Benchmarking Information Scrambling

Information scrambling refers to the rapid spreading of initially localized information over an entire system, via the generation of global entanglement. This effect is usually detected by measuring a temporal decay of the out-of-time order correlators. However, in experiments, decays of these correlators suffer from fake positive signals from various sources, e.g., decoherence due to inevitable couplings to the environment, or errors that cause mismatches between the purported forward and backward evolutions. In this work, we provide a simple and robust approach to single out the effect of genuine scrambling. This allows us to benchmark the scrambling process by quantifying the degree of the scrambling from the noisy backgrounds.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2022

Snowmass 2021 White Paper: Charged lepton flavor violation in the tau sector

Charged lepton flavor violation has long been recognized as unambiguous signature of New Physics. Here we describe the physics capabilities and discovery potential of New Physics models with charged lepton flavor violation in the tau sector as its experimental signature. Current experimental status from the B-Factory experiments BaBar, Belle and Belle II, and future prospects at Super Tau Charm Factory, LHC, EIC and FCC-ee experiments to discover New Physics via charged lepton flavor violation in the tau sector are discussed in detail. Submitted to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021)

hep-ph↗

arXiv2022

Select and Calibrate the Low-confidence: Dual-Channel Consistency based Graph Convolutional Networks

The Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have achieved excellent results in node classification tasks, but the model's performance at low label rates is still unsatisfactory. Previous studies in Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) for graph have focused on using network predictions to generate soft pseudo-labels or instructing message propagation, which inevitably contains the incorrect prediction due to the over-confident in the predictions. Our proposed Dual-Channel Consistency based Graph Convolutional Networks (DCC-GCN) uses dual-channel to extract embeddings from node features and topological structures, and then achieves reliable low-confidence and high-confidence samples selection based on dual-channel consistency. We further confirmed that the low-confidence samples obtained based on dual-channel consistency were low in accuracy, constraining the model's performance. Unlike previous studies ignoring low-confidence samples, we calibrate the feature embeddings of the low-confidence samples by using the neighborhood's high-confidence samples. Our experiments have shown that the DCC-GCN can more accurately distinguish between low-confidence and high-confidence samples, and can also significantly improve the accuracy of low-confidence samples. We conducted extensive experiments on the benchmark datasets and demonstrated that DCC-GCN is significantly better than state-of-the-art baselines at different label rates.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2022

Boosting-GNN: Boosting Algorithm for Graph Networks on Imbalanced Node Classification

The Graph Neural Network (GNN) has been widely used for graph data representation. However, the existing researches only consider the ideal balanced dataset, and the imbalanced dataset is rarely considered. Traditional methods such as resampling, reweighting, and synthetic samples that deal with imbalanced datasets are no longer applicable in GNN. This paper proposes an ensemble model called Boosting-GNN, which uses GNNs as the base classifiers during boosting. In Boosting-GNN, higher weights are set for the training samples that are not correctly classified by the previous classifier, thus achieving higher classification accuracy and better reliability. Besides, transfer learning is used to reduce computational cost and increase fitting ability. Experimental results indicate that the proposed Boosting-GNN model achieves better performance than GCN, GraphSAGE, GAT, SGC, N-GCN, and most advanced reweighting and resampling methods on synthetic imbalanced datasets, with an average performance improvement of 4.5%

cs.LG↗

arXiv2022

Analytical solution for nonadiabatic quantum annealing to arbitrary Ising spin Hamiltonian

Ising spin Hamiltonians are often used to encode a computational problem in their ground states. Quantum Annealing (QA) computing searches for such a state by implementing a slow time-dependent evolution from an easy-to-prepare initial state to a low energy state of a target Ising Hamiltonian of quantum spins, $H_I$. Here, we point to the existence of an analytical solution for such a problem for an arbitrary $H_I$ beyond the adiabatic limit for QA. This solution provides insights into the accuracy of nonadiabatic computations. Our QA protocol in the pseudo-adiabatic regime leads to a monotonic power-law suppression of nonadiabatic excitations with time $T$ of QA, without any signature of a transition to a glass phase, which is usually characterized by a logarithmic energy relaxation. This behavior suggests that the energy relaxation can differ in classical and quantum spin glasses strongly, when it is assisted by external time-dependent fields. In specific cases of $H_I$, the solution also shows a considerable quantum speedup in computations.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2022

Probing the $Zb\bar{b}$ anomalous couplings via exclusive $Z$ boson decay

We propose to utilize the exclusive $Z$-boson rare decays $Z\to Υ(ns)+γ$ to constrain the $Zb\bar{b}$ couplings at the HL-LHC and 100 TeV proton-proton collider. We demonstrate that the event yield of the proposed processes is sensitive to the axial-vector component of the $Zb\bar{b}$ coupling and can provide complementary information to the jet-charge weighted single-spin asymmetry measurement at the EIC and the $gg\to Zh$ production rate measurement at the LHC. By applying the NRQCD factorization formalism, we calculate the partial decay width of $Z\to Υ(ns)+γ$ to the NLO accuracy in strong interaction, which is found to agree with those obtained from the light-cone distribution amplitude approach. We show that the HL-LHC can break the degeneracy of the $Zb\bar{b}$ couplings, as implied by the precision electroweak data at LEP and SLC, if the signal efficiency can be improved by a factor of 1.7 from the present ATLAS analysis at the 13 TeV LHC with an integrated luminosity of $36.1~{\rm fb}^{-1}$.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2022

Direct Detection and LHC constraints on a $t$-Channel Simplified Model of Majorana Dark Matter at One Loop

An interesting class of models posits that the dark matter is a Majorana fermion which interacts with a quark together with a colored scalar mediator. Such a theory can be tested in direct detection experiments, through dark matter scattering with heavy nuclei, and at the LHC, via jets and missing energy signatures. Motivated by the fact that such theories have spin-independent interactions that vanish at tree level, we examine them at one loop (along with RGE improvement to resum large logs), and find that despite its occurrence at a higher order of perturbation theory, the spin-independent scattering searches typically impose the strongest constraints on the model parameter space. We further analyze the corresponding LHC constraints at one loop and find that it is important to take them into account when interpreting the implications of searches for jets plus missing momentum on this class of models, thus providing the corresponding complementary information for this class of models.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2022

Loop induced top quark FCNC through top quark and dark matter interactions

We present a comprehensive analysis of the loop induced top quark FCNC signals at the LHC within one class of the simplified model. The loop level FCNC interactions are well motivated to avoid the hierarchy of the top quark couplings from the new physics and standard model. Such a theory will posit a Majorana dark matter candidate and could be tested through dark matter relic density, direct detection experiments (the scattering between dark matter and heavy nuclei), and the collider signals at the LHC. We find that the spin-independent (SI) scattering between Majorana dark matter and nuclei will vanish at the leading order, while the next-to-leading order correction to the SI scattering becomes significance to constrain the parameter space of the model. A detailed comparison from direct detection experiments and LHC searches is also discussed and both of them are very important to full constrain the model.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2022

Eavesdropping on the Decohering Environment: Quantum Darwinism, Amplification, and the Origin of Objective Classical Reality

"How much information about a system $\mathcal{S}$ can one extract from a fragment $\mathcal{F}$ of the environment $\mathcal{E}$ that decohered it?" is the central question of Quantum Darwinism. To date, most answers relied on the quantum mutual information of $\mathcal{SF}$, or on the Holevo bound on the channel capacity of $\mathcal{F}$ to communicate the classical information encoded in $\mathcal{S}$. These are reasonable upper bounds on what is really needed but much harder to calculate -- the accessible information in the fragment $\mathcal{F}$ about $\mathcal{S}$. We consider a model based on imperfect c-not gates where all the above can be computed, and discuss its implications for the emergence of objective classical reality. We find that all relevant quantities, such as the quantum mutual information as well as various bounds on the accessible information exhibit similar behavior. In the regime relevant for the emergence of objective classical reality this includes scaling independent of the quality of the imperfect c-not gates or the size of $\mathcal{E}$, and even nearly independent of the initial state of $\mathcal{S}$.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2021

Barren plateaus preclude learning scramblers

Scrambling processes, which rapidly spread entanglement through many-body quantum systems, are difficult to investigate using standard techniques, but are relevant to quantum chaos and thermalization. In this Letter, we ask if quantum machine learning (QML) could be used to investigate such processes. We prove a no-go theorem for learning an unknown scrambling process with QML, showing that any variational ansatz is highly probable to have a barren plateau landscape, i.e., cost gradients that vanish exponentially in the system size. This implies that the required resources scale exponentially even when strategies to avoid such scaling (e.g., from ansatz-based barren plateaus or No-Free-Lunch theorems) are employed. Furthermore, we numerically and analytically extend our results to approximate scramblers. Hence, our work places generic limits on the learnability of unitaries when lacking prior information.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2021

The anomalous $Zb\bar{b}$ couplings at the HERA and EIC

To resolve the long-standing discrepancy between the precision measurement of bottom quark forward-backward asymmetry at LEP/SLC and the Standard Model prediction, we propose a novel method to probe the $Zb\bar{b}$ coupling by measuring the single-spin asymmetry $A_e^b$ of the polarized lepton cross section in neutral current DIS processes with a $b$-tagged jet at HERA and EIC. Depending on the tagging efficiency of the final state $b$-jet, the measurement of $A_e^b$ at HERA can already partially break the degeneracy found in the anomalous $Zb\bar{b}$ coupling, as implied by the LEP and SLC precision electroweak data. In the first year run of the EIC, the measurement of $A_e^b$ can already break the degeneracy, due to its much larger luminosity and higher electron beam polarization. With enough integrated luminosity collected at the EIC, it is possible to either verify or exclude the LEP data and resolve the $A_{\rm FB}^b$ puzzle. We also discuss the complementary roles between the proposed $A_e^b$ measurement at EIC and the measurement of $gg \to Zh$ cross section at the HL-LHC in constraining the anomalous $Zb\bar{b}$ coupling.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Determining Higgs boson width at electron-positron colliders

Probing Higgs width $Γ_h$ is critical to test the Higgs properties. In this work we propose to measure $Γ_h$ at the $e^+e^-$ collider with a model-independent analysis under the Standard Model Effective Field Theory framework. We demonstrate that making use of the cross section measurements from $e^+e^-\to Zh$, $e^+e^-\to ν_e\barν_eh$ production and Higgs decay branching ratios $h\to WW^*/ZZ^*/γγ$, one could determine $Γ_h$ at a percentage level with a center of mass energy $\sqrt{s}=250$ and 350 GeV and integrated luminosity $5~{\rm ab}^{-1}$. This conclusion would not depend on the assumption of the fermion Yukawa interactions. We further apply this result to constrain the fermion Yukawa couplings and it shows that the couplings could be well constrained.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

Adaptive Multi-layer Contrastive Graph Neural Networks

We present Adaptive Multi-layer Contrastive Graph Neural Networks (AMC-GNN), a self-supervised learning framework for Graph Neural Network, which learns feature representations of sample data without data labels. AMC-GNN generates two graph views by data augmentation and compares different layers' output embeddings of Graph Neural Network encoders to obtain feature representations, which could be used for downstream tasks. AMC-GNN could learn the importance weights of embeddings in different layers adaptively through the attention mechanism, and an auxiliary encoder is introduced to train graph contrastive encoders better. The accuracy is improved by maximizing the representation's consistency of positive pairs in the early layers and the final embedding space. Our experiments show that the results can be consistently improved by using the AMC-GNN framework, across four established graph benchmarks: Cora, Citeseer, Pubmed, DBLP citation network datasets, as well as four newly proposed datasets: Co-author-CS, Co-author-Physics, Amazon-Computers, Amazon-Photo.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2021

Charged Lepton Flavor Violation at the EIC

We present a comprehensive analysis of the potential sensitivity of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) to charged lepton flavor violation (CLFV) in the channel $ep\to τX$, within the model-independent framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). We compute the relevant cross sections to leading order in QCD and electroweak corrections and perform simulations of signal and SM background events in various $τ$ decay channels, suggesting simple cuts to enhance the associated estimated efficiencies. To assess the discovery potential of the EIC in $τ$-$e$ transitions, we study the sensitivity of other probes of this physics across a broad range of energy scales, from $pp \to e τX$ at the Large Hadron Collider to decays of $B$ mesons and $τ$ leptons, such as $τ\to e γ$, $τ\to e \ell^+ \ell^-$, and crucially the hadronic modes $τ\to e Y$ with $Y \in \{ π, K, ππ, K π, ...\}$. We find that electroweak dipole and four-fermion semi-leptonic operators involving light quarks are already strongly constrained by $τ$ decays, while operators involving the $c$ and $b$ quarks present more promising discovery potential for the EIC. An analysis of three models of leptoquarks confirms the expectations based on the SMEFT results. We also identify future directions needed to maximize the reach of the EIC in CLFV searches: these include an optimization of the $τ$ tagger in hadronic channels, an exploration of background suppression through tagging $b$ and $c$ jets in the final state, and a global fit by turning on all SMEFT couplings, which will likely reveal new discovery windows for the EIC.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2021

The anomalous $Zb\bar{b}$ couplings: From LEP to LHC

The bottom quark forward-backward asymmetry ($A_{FB}^b$) data at LEP exhibits a long-standing discrepancy with the standard model prediction. We propose a novel method to probe the $Zb\bar{b}$ interactions through $gg\to Zh$ production at the LHC, which is sensitive to the axial-vector component of the $Zb\bar{b}$ couplings. We demonstrate that the $Zh$ data collected at the 13 TeV LHC can already resolve the apparent degeneracy of the anomalous $Zb\bar{b}$ couplings implied by the LEP precision electroweak measurements, with a strong dependence on the observed distribution of the $Z$ boson transverse momentum. We also show the potential of the HL-LHC to either verify or exclude the anomalous $Zb\bar{b}$ couplings observed at LEP through measuring the $Zh$ production rate at the HL-LHC, and this conclusion is not sensitive to possible new physics contribution induced by top quark or Higgs boson anomalous couplings in the loop.

hep-ph↗