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Bing-Long Chen

Publications and source records attributed to Bing-Long Chen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

On the existence of maximal foliations in general relativity

It is well known that the Einstein equations are tensor equations for a Lorentzian metric. Hence, choosing a suitable gauge condition is crucial for solving them. As a powerful gauge condition, maximal foliations have played a pivotal role in two groundbreaking works in general relativity: the global stability of Minkowski spacetime and the bounded L^2 curvature conjecture. Nevertheless, if the initial hypersurface fails to be maximal, the usual elliptic approach for constructing maximal foliations encounters fundamental difficulties when solving the Einstein equations. The purpose of the paper is to provide a construction of maximal foliations around any initial asymptotically flat Cauchy surface satisfying vacuum Einstein constraint equations, under a suitable smallness condition on the mean curvature.

math.DG↗
arXiv2018

On Euler characteristic and fundamental groups of compact manifolds

Let $M$ be a compact Riemannian manifold, $π:\widetilde{M}\rightarrow M$ be the universal covering and $ω$ be a smooth $2$-form on $M$ with $π^*ω$ cohomologous to zero. Suppose the fundamental group $π_1(M)$ satisfies certain radial quadratic (resp. linear) isoperimetric inequality, we show that there exists a smooth $1$-form $η$ on $\widetilde M$ of linear (resp. bounded) growth such that $π^*ω=d η$. As applications, we prove that on a compact Kahler manifold $(M,ω)$ with $π^*ω$ cohomologous to zero, if $π_1(M)$ is $\mathrm{CAT}(0)$ or automatic (resp. hyperbolic), then $M$ is Kahler non-elliptic (resp. Kahler hyperbolic) and the Euler characteristic $(-1)^{\frac{\dim_\mathbb{R} M}{2}}χ(M)\geq 0$ (resp. $>0$).

math.DG↗
arXiv2017

Compact K$ä$hler manifolds homotopic to negatively curved Riemannian manifolds

In this paper, we show that any compact K$ä$hler manifold homotopic to a compact Riemannian manifold with negative sectional curvature admits a K$ä$hler-Einstein metric of general type. Moreover, we prove that, on a compact symplectic manifold $X$ homotopic to a compact Riemannian manifold with negative sectional curvature, for any almost complex structure $J$ compatible with the symplectic form, there is no non-constant $J$-holomorphic entire curve $f:C \rightarrow X$.

math.DG↗
arXiv2016

On stationary solutions to the non-vacuum Einstein field equations

We derive a local curvature estimate for four-dimensional stationary solutions to the inheriting Einstein-Maxwell-Klein-Gordon equations. In particular, it implies that any such stationary geodesically complete solution with vanishing Poynting vector and proper coupling constants (like dark energy) is flat. We also generalize the result to higher dimensions.

math.DG↗
arXiv2016

On stationary solutions to the vacuum Einstein field equations

We prove that any 4-dimensional geodesically complete spacetime with a timelike Killing field satisfying the vacuum Einstein field equation $Ric(g_{M})=λg_{M}$ with nonnegative cosmological constant $λ\geq 0$ is flat. When dim $\geq 5$, if the spacetime is assumed to be static additionally, we prove that its universal cover splits isometrically as a product of a Ricci flat Riemannian manifold and a real line.

math.DG↗
arXiv2015

Euler characteristic numbers of space-like manifolds

In this note, we prove that if a compact even dimensional manifold $M^{n}$ with negative sectional curvature is homotopic to some compact space-like manifold $N^{n}$, then the Euler characteristic number of $M^{n}$ satisfies $(-1)^{\frac{n}{2}}χ(M^{n})>0$. We also show that the minimal volume conjecture of Gromov is true for all compact even dimensional space-like manifolds.

math.DG↗
arXiv2013

Local pinching estimates in 3-dim Ricci flow

We study curvature pinching estimates of Ricci flow on complete 3- dimensional manifolds without bounded curvature assumption. We will derive some general curvature conditions which are preserved on any complete solution of 3-dim Ricci flow, these conditions include nonnegative Ricci curvature and sectional curvature as special cases. A local version of Hamilton-Ivey estimates is also obtained.

math.DG↗
arXiv2012

A Conformally Invariant Classification Theorem in Four Dimensions

In this paper, we prove a classification theorem of 4-manifolds according to some conformal invariants, which generalizes the conformally invariant sphere theorem of Chang-Gursky-Yang \cite{CGY}. Moreover, it provides a four-dimensional analogue of the well-known classification theorem of Schoen-Yau \cite{SY2} on 3-manifolds with positive Yamabe invariants.

math.DG↗
arXiv2011

Isometric embedding of negatively curved complete surfaces in Lorentz-Minkowski space

Hilbert-Efimov theorem states that any complete surface with curvature bounded above by a negative constant can not be isometrically imbedded in $\mathbb{R}^3.$ We demonstrate that any simply-connected smooth complete surface with curvature bounded above by a negative constant admits a smooth isometric embedding into the Lorentz-Minkowski space $\mathbb{R}^{2,1}$.

math.DG↗
arXiv2010

Strong Uniqueness of the Ricci Flow

In this paper, we derive some local a priori estimates for Ricci flow. This gives rise to some strong uniqueness theorems. As a corollary, let $g(t)$ be a smooth complete solution to the Ricci flow on $\mathbb{R}^{3}$, with the canonical Euclidean metric $E$ as initial data, then $g(t)$ is trivial, i.e. $g(t)\equiv E$.

math.DG↗
arXiv2008

Local foliations and optimal regularity of Einstein spacetimes

We investigate the local regularity of pointed spacetimes, that is, time-oriented Lorentzian manifolds in which a point and a future-oriented, unit timelike vector (an observer) are selected. Our main result covers the class of Einstein vacuum spacetimes. Under curvature and injectivity bounds only, we establish the existence of a local coordinate chart defined in a ball with definite size in which the metric coefficients have optimal regularity. The proof is based on quantitative estimates, on one hand, for a constant mean curvature (CMC) foliation by spacelike hypersurfaces defined locally near the observer and, on the other hand, for the metric in local coordinates that are spatially harmonic in each CMC slice. The results and techniques in this paper should be useful in the context of general relativity for investigating the long-time behavior of solutions to the Einstein equations.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2008

Complete classification of compact four-manifolds with positive isotropic curvature

In this paper, we completely classify all compact 4-manifolds with positive isotropic curvature. We show that they are diffeomorphic to $\mathbb{S}^4,$ or $\mathbb{R}\mathbb{P}^4$ or quotients of $\mathbb{S}^3\times \mathbb{R}$ by a cocompact fixed point free subgroup of the isometry group of the standard metric of $\mathbb{S}^3\times \mathbb{R}$, or a connected sum of them.

math.DG↗
arXiv2007

Uniqueness and Pseudolocality Theorems of the Mean Curvature Flow

Mean curvature flow evolves isometrically immersed base manifolds $M$ in the direction of their mean curvatures in an ambient manifold $\bar{M}$. If the base manifold $M$ is compact, the short time existence and uniqueness of the mean curvature flow are well-known. For complete isometrically immersed submanifolds of arbitrary codimensions, the existence and uniqueness are still unsettled even in the Euclidean space. In this paper, we solve the uniqueness problem affirmatively for the mean curvature flow of general codimensions and general ambient manifolds. In the second part of the paper, inspired by the Ricci flow, we prove a pseudolocality theorem of mean curvature flow. As a consequence, we obtain a strong uniqueness theorem, which removes the assumption on the boundedness of the second fundamental form of the solution.

math.DG↗
arXiv2006

Injectivity Radius of Lorentzian Manifolds

Motivated by the application to spacetimes of general relativity we investigate the geometry and regularity of Lorentzian manifolds under certain curvature and volume bounds. We establish several injectivity radius estimates at a point or on the past null cone of a point. Our estimates are entirely local and geometric, and are formulated via a reference Riemannian metric that we canonically associate with a given observer $(p,T)$ --where $p$ is a point of the manifold and $T$ is a future-oriented time-like unit vector prescribed at $p$. The proofs are based on a generalization of arguments from Riemannian geometry. We first establish estimates on the reference Riemannian metric, and then express them in term of the Lorentzian metric. In the context of general relativity, our estimates should be useful to investigate the regularity of spacetimes satisfying Einstein field equations.

math.AP↗
arXiv2006

Ricci Flow with Surgery on Four-manifolds with Positive Isotropic Curvature

In this paper we study the Ricci flow on compact four-manifolds with positive isotropic curvature and with no essential incompressible space form. Our purpose is two-fold. One is to give a complete proof of Hamilton's classification theorem on four-manifolds with positive isotropic curvature and with no essential incompressible space form; the other is to extend some recent results of Perelman on the three-dimensional Ricci flow to four-manifolds. During the the proof we have actually provided, up to slight modifications, all necessary details for the part from Section 1 to Section 5 of Perelman's second paper on the Ricci flow.

math.DG↗
arXiv2005

Uniqueness of the Ricci Flow on Complete Noncompact Manifolds

The Ricci flow is an evolution system on metrics. For a given metric as initial data, its local existence and uniqueness on compact manifolds was first established by Hamilton \cite{Ha1}. Later on, De Turck \cite{De} gave a simplified proof. In the later of 80's, Shi \cite{Sh1} generalized the local existence result to complete noncompact manifolds. However, the uniqueness of the solutions to the Ricci flow on complete noncompact manifolds is still an open question. Recently it was found that the uniqueness of the Ricci flow on complete noncompact manifolds is important in the theory of the Ricci flow with surgery. In this paper, we give an affirmative answer for the uniqueness question. More precisely, we prove that the solution of the Ricci flow with bounded curvature on a complete noncompact manifold is unique.

math.DG↗