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Burak Bilki

Publications and source records attributed to Burak Bilki.

17 recordsLinked to original sources

Building an AI-native Research Ecosystem for Experimental Particle Physics: A Community Vision

Experimental particle physics seeks to understand the universe by probing its fundamental particles and forces and exploring how they govern the large-scale processes that shape cosmic evolution. This whitepaper presents a vision for how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can accelerate discovery in this field. We outline grand challenges that must be addressed to enable transformative breakthroughs and describe how current and planned experimental facilities can implement this vision to advance our understanding of the vast and complex physical world from the smallest to the largest scales. We show how facilities currently under construction, such as the HL-LHC, DUNE and soon EIC, can both benefit from and serve as proving grounds for this vision, while also enabling a longer-term goal for how future experiments -- like FCC-ee at CERN, IceCube-Gen2, a Muon Collider in the U.S., and smaller to mid-scale projects -- can be fully AI-native. We describe how a truly national-scale collaboration, jointly managed across large funding partners, and involving both DOE laboratories and universities, can make this happen.

hep-ex

Development of Hybrid Resistive Plate Chambers

Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) are essential active media of large-scale experiments as part of the muon systems and (semi-)digital hadron calorimeters. Among the several outstanding issues associated with the RPCs, the loss of efficiency for the detection of particles when subjected to high particle fluxes, and the limitations associated with the common RPC gases can be listed. In order to address the latter issue, we developed novel RPC designs with special anode plates coated with high secondary electron emission yield materials such as Al$_2$O$_3$ and TiO$_2$. The proof of principle was obtained for various designs and is in progress for the rest. The idea was initiated following the achievements on the development of the novel 1-glass RPCs. Here we report on the construction of various different RPC designs, and their performance measurements in laboratory tests and with particle beams; and discuss the future test plans.

physics.ins-det

The International Linear Collider: Report to Snowmass 2021

The International Linear Collider (ILC) is on the table now as a new global energy-frontier accelerator laboratory taking data in the 2030s. The ILC addresses key questions for our current understanding of particle physics. It is based on a proven accelerator technology. Its experiments will challenge the Standard Model of particle physics and will provide a new window to look beyond it. This document brings the story of the ILC up to date, emphasizing its strong physics motivation, its readiness for construction, and the opportunity it presents to the US and the global particle physics community.

physics.acc-ph

Systematic Study of LED Stimulated Recovery of Radiation Damage in Optical Materials

The radiation damage in optical materials mostly manifests itself as the loss of optical transmittance. The optical materials recover from radiation damage to some extent when the radiation exposure is stopped. The recovery is at a faster rate in the presence of stimulating light. On the other hand, a systematic study of the dynamics of the recovery as a function of the stimulating light parameters such as its wavelength, intensity and exposure duration and method has not been performed in detail yet. We established an LED recovery station which provides pulsed and continuous light at various wavelengths at custom geometries. We irradiated soda lime glass samples at a rate of 87.5 Gy/min to a total dose of 3.5 kGy and 7.0 kGy. The optical transmittance of the samples were then measured in 200 nm - 1500 nm range for an extended period of time. The recovery from radiation damage is improved, both in terms of timing and quantity, as the wavelength of the stimulating light decreases. Around 50 % improvement was measured both in recovery rate and the permanent damage when UV LED with a wavelength of 396 nm was used for stimulation. The trend is such that wavelengths deeper in the UV range would result in faster and more effective recovery from radiation damage. The LED stimulated recovery technique from radiation damage is a feasible implementation for the optical active media of radiation and particle detectors which operate in high radiation environments.

physics.ins-det

Scintillation Timing Characteristics of Common Plastics for Radiation Detection Excited With 120 GeV Protons

The timing characteristics of scintillators must be understood in order to determine which applications they are appropriate for. Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and polyethylene teraphthalate (PET) are common plastics with uncommon scintillation properties. Here, we report the timing characteristics of PEN and PET, determined by exciting them with 120 GeV protons. The test beam was provided by Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, and the scintillators were tested at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility. PEN and PET are found to have dominant decay constants of 34.91 ns and 6.78 ns, respectively.

physics.ins-det

Research and Development for Near Detector Systems Towards Long Term Evolution of Ultra-precise Long-baseline Neutrino Experiments

With the discovery of non-zero value of $θ_{13}$ mixing angle, the next generation of long-baseline neutrino (LBN) experiments offers the possibility of obtaining statistically significant samples of muon and electron neutrinos and anti-neutrinos with large oscillation effects. In this document we intend to highlight the importance of Near Detector facilities in LBN experiments to both constrain the systematic uncertainties affecting oscillation analyses but also to perform, thanks to their close location, measurements of broad benefit for LBN physics goals. A strong European contribution to these efforts is possible.

physics.ins-det

Development of Radiation Hard Scintillators

Modern high-energy physics experiments are in ever increasing need for radiation hard scintillators and detectors. In this regard, we have studied various radiation-hard scintillating materials such as Polyethylene Naphthalate (PEN), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), our prototype material Scintillator X (SX) and Eljen (EJ). Scintillation and transmission properties of these scintillators are studied using stimulated emission from a 334 nm wavelength UV laser with PMT before and after certain amount of radiation exposure. Recovery from radiation damage is studied over time. While the primary goal of this study is geared for LHC detector upgrades, these new technologies could easily be used for future experiments such as the FCC and ILC. Here we discuss the physics motivation, recent developments and laboratory measurements of these materials.

physics.ins-det

Commissioning of CMS Forward Hadron Calorimeters with Upgraded Multi-anode PMTs and μTCA Readout

The high flux of charged particles interacting with the CMS Forward Hadron Calorimeter PMT windows introduced a significant background for the trigger and offline data analysis. During Long Shutdown 1, all of the original PMTs were replaced with multi-anode, thin window photomultiplier tubes. At the same time, the back-end electronic readout system was upgraded to μTCA readout. The experience with commissioning and calibration of the Forward Hadron Calorimeter is described as well as the μTCA system. The upgrade was successful and provided quality data for Run 2 data-analysis at 13 TeV.

physics.ins-det

Large Photocathode Photodetectors Using Photon Amplification and Phase-Space Compression

We describe a simple technique to both amplify incident photons and compress their angular x area phase space. These Optical Compressor Amplifier Tubes (OCA Tube) use techniques analogous to image intensifiers, using vacuum photocathodes to detect photons as converted to photoelectrons, amplify the photons via photoelectron bombardment of fast scintillators, and compress the optical phase space onto optical fibers, so that small, high gain photodetectors, like miniature PMT or SiPM, can be used to detect photons from large areas, at comparatively low cost. The properties of and benefits of OCA tubes are described.

physics.ins-det

CALICE Digital Hadron Calorimeter: Calibration and Response to Hadrons

The large CALICE Digital Hadron Calorimeter prototype (DHCAL) was built in 2009 - 2010. The DHCAL uses Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) as active media and is read out with 1 x 1 cm2 pads and digital (1 - bit) resolution. With a world record of about 0.5M readout channels, the DHCAL offers the possibility to study hadronic interactions with unprecedented spatial resolution. This talk reports on the results from the analysis of pion events of momenta between 2 to 60 GeV/c collected in the Fermilab test beam with an emphasis on the intricate calibration procedures.

physics.ins-det

Physics at the CLIC e+e- Linear Collider -- Input to the Snowmass process 2013

This paper summarizes the physics potential of the CLIC high-energy e+e- linear collider. It provides input to the Snowmass 2013 process for the energy-frontier working groups on The Higgs Boson (HE1), Precision Study of Electroweak Interactions (HE2), Fully Understanding the Top Quark (HE3), as well as The Path Beyond the Standard Model -- New Particles, Forces, and Dimensions (HE4). It is accompanied by a paper describing the CLIC accelerator study, submitted to the Frontier Capabilities group of the Snowmass process.

hep-ex

Development of Imaging Calorimetry

This paper will argue for continued effort in developing imaging calorimeters for future colliders and/or upgrades to existing detectors. Imaging calorimeters offer a plethora of advantages beyond their application in conjunction with Particle Flow Algorithms. Further R&D is needed to turn the first generation prototypes into viable detectors for colliding beam experiments.

physics.ins-det

SNOWMASS WHITE PAPER - SLHC Endcap 1.4<y<4 Hadron Optical Calorimetry Upgrades in CMS with Applications to NLC/T-LEP, Intensity Frontier, and Beyond

Radiation damage in the plastic scintillator and/or readout WLS fibers in the HE endcap calorimeter 1.4<y<4 in the CMS experiment at LHC and SLHC will require remediation after 2018. We describe one alternative using the existing brass absorber in the Endcap calorimeter, to replace the plastic scintillator tiles with BaF2 tiles, or quartz tiles coated with thin(1-5 micron) films of radiation-hard pTerphenyl(pTP) or the fast phosphor ZnO:Ga. These tiles would be read-out by easily replaceable arrays of straight, parallel WLS fibers coupled to clear plastic-cladded quartz fibers of proven radiation resistance. We describe a second alternative with a new absorber matrix extending to 1.4<y<4 in a novel Analog Particle Flow Cerenkov Compensated Calorimeter, using a dual readout of quartz tiles and scintillating (plastic, BaF2, or pTP/ ZnO:Ga thin film coated quartz, or liquid scintillator) tiles, also using easily replaceable arrays of parallel WLS fibers coupled to clear quartz transmitting fibers for readout. An Analog Particle Flow Scintillator-Cerenkov Compensated Calorimeter has application in NLC/T-LEP detectors and Intensity Frontier detectors.

physics.ins-det

Snowmass White Paper CMS Upgrade: Forward Lepton-Photon System

This White Paper outlines a proposal for an upgraded forward region to extend CMS lepton (e, mu) and photon physics reach out to 2.2<eta<5 for LHC and SLHC, which also provides better performance for the existing or new forward hadron calorimetry for jet energy and (eta, phi) measurements, especially under pileup/overlaps at high lumi, as LHC luminosity, energy and radiation damage increases.

physics.ins-det

Environmental Dependence of the Performance of Resistive Plate Chambers

This paper reports on the performance of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) as function of the gas flow rate through the chambers and of environmental conditions, such as atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature and air humidity. The chambers are read out by pads with an area of 1 x 1 cm2 and a 1-bit resolution per pad. The performance measures include the noise rate as well as the detection efficiency and pad multiplicity for cosmic rays. The measurements extended over a period of almost one year and are sensitive to possible long-term aging effects.

physics.ins-det

Hadron Showers in a Digital Hadron Calorimeter

A small prototype of a finely granulated digital hadron calorimeter with Resistive Plate Chambers as active elements was exposed to positive pions of 1 >. 16 GeV energy from the Fermilab test beam. The event selection separates events with mostly non-interacting particles and events with hadronic showers which initiated in the front part of the calorimeter. The data are compared to a Monte Carlo simulation of the set-up. The paper concludes with predictions for the performance of an extended digital hadron calorimeter.

physics.ins-det

Measurement of Positron Showers with a Digital Hadron Calorimeter

A small prototype of a finely granulated digital hadron calorimeter with Resistive Plate Chambers as active elements was exposed to positrons of 1 . 16 GeV energy from the Fermilab test beam. The response function, energy resolution, as well as measurements of the shape of electromagnetic showers are presented. The data are compared to a Monte Carlo simulation of the set-up.

physics.ins-det