Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

C. A. Bertulani

Publications and source records attributed to C. A. Bertulani.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

Neutrino and antineutrino charge-exchange reactions on 12C

We extend the formalism of weak interaction processes, obtaining new expressions for the transition rates, which greatly facilitate numerical calculations, both for neutrino-nucleus reactions and muon capture. Explicit violation of CVC hypothesis by the Coulomb field, as well as development of a sum rule approach for the inclusive cross sections have been worked out. We have done a thorough study of exclusive (ground state) properties of $^{12}$B and $^{12}$N within the projected quasiparticle random phase approximation (PQRPA). Good agreement with experimental data achieved in this way put in evidence the limitations of standard RPA and the QRPA models, which come from the inability of the RPA in opening the $p_{3/2}$ shell, and from the non-conservation of the number of particles in the QRPA. The inclusive neutrino/antineutrino ($ν/\tildeν$) reactions $^{12}$C($ν,e^-)^{12}$N and $^{12}$C($\tildeν,e^+)^{12}$B are calculated within both the PQRPA, and the relativistic QRPA (RQRPA). It is found that the magnitudes of the resulting cross-sections: i) are close to the sum-rule limit at low energy, but significantly smaller than this limit at high energies both for $ν$ and $\tildeν$, ii) they steadily increase when the size of the configuration space is augmented, and particulary for $ν/\tildeν$ energies $> 200$ MeV, and iii) converge for sufficiently large configuration space and final state spin. The quasi-elastic $^{12}$C($ν,μ^-)^{12}$N cross section recently measured in the MiniBooNE experiment is briefly discussed. We study the decomposition of the inclusive cross-section based on the degree of forbiddenness of different multipoles. A few words are dedicated to the $ν/\tildeν$-$^{12}$C charge-exchange reactions related with astrophysical applications.

nucl-th↗

Solar fusion cross sections II: the pp chain and CNO cycles

We summarize and critically evaluate the available data on nuclear fusion cross sections important to energy generation in the Sun and other hydrogen-burning stars and to solar neutrino production. Recommended values and uncertainties are provided for key cross sections, and a recommended spectrum is given for 8B solar neutrinos. We also discuss opportunities for further increasing the precision of key rates, including new facilities, new experimental techniques, and improvements in theory. This review, which summarizes the conclusions of a workshop held at the Institute for Nuclear Theory, Seattle, in January 2009, is intended as a 10-year update and supplement to Reviews of Modern Physics 70 (1998) 1265.

nucl-ex↗

Nuclear Reactions

Nuclear reactions generate energy in nuclear reactors, in stars, and are responsible for the existence of all elements heavier than hydrogen in the universe. Nuclear reactions denote reactions between nuclei, and between nuclei and other fundamental particles, such as electrons and photons. A short description of the conservation laws and the definition of basic physical quantities is presented, followed by a more detailed account of specific cases: (a) formation and decay of compound nuclei; (b)direct reactions; (c) photon and electron scattering; (d) heavy ion collisions; (e) formation of a quark-gluon plasma; (f) thermonuclear reactions; (g) and reactions with radioactive beams. Whenever necessary, basic equations are introduced to help understand general properties of these reactions. Published in Wiley Encyclopedia of Physics, ISBN-13: 978-3-527-40691-3 - Wiley-VCH, Berlin, 2009.

nucl-th↗

Production of exotic atoms at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

We study in details the space-time dependence of the production of muonic, pionic, and other exotic atoms by the coherent photon exchange between nuclei at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. We show that a multipole expansion of the electromagnetic interaction yields an useful insight of the bound-free production mechanism which has not been explored in the literature. Predictions for the spatial, temporal, and angular distribution, as well as the total cross sections, for the production of exotic atoms are also included.

nucl-th↗

Pauli blocking and medium effects in nucleon knockout reactions

We study medium modifications of the nucleon-nucleon (NN) cross sections and their influence on the nucleon knockout reactions. Using the eikonal approximation, we compare the results obtained with free NN cross sections with those obtained with a purely geometrical treatment of Pauli-blocking and with NN obtained with more elaborated Dirac-Bruecker methods. The medium effects are parametrized in terms of the baryon density. We focus on symmetric nuclear matter, although the geometrical Pauli-blocking allows for the treatment of asymmetric nuclear matter. It is shown that medium effects can change the nucleon knockout cross sections and momentum distributions up to 10% in the energy range E=50-300 MeV/nucleon. The effect is more evident in reactions involving halo nuclei.

nucl-th↗

Production of exotic atoms at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC)

We study in details the space-time dependence of the production of muonic, pionic, and other exotic atoms by the coherent photon exchange between nuclei at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. We show that a multipole expansion of the electromagnetic interaction yields an useful insight of the bound-free production mechanism which has not been explored in the literature. Predictions for the spatial, temporal, and angular distribution, as well as the total cross sections, for the production of exotic atoms are also included.

nucl-th↗

Dynamical Relativistic Effects in Breakup Processes of Halo Nuclei

The continuum-discretized coupled-channels (CDCC) method is used to study the breakup of weakly-bound nuclei at intermediate energies collisions. For large impact parameters, the Eikonal CDCC (E-CDCC) method was applied. The effects of Lorentz contraction on the nuclear and Coulomb potentials have been investigated in details. Such effects tend to increase cross sections appreciably. We also show that, for loosely-bound nuclei, the contribution of the so-called close field is small and can be neglected.

nucl-th↗

QRAP: a numerical code for projected (Q)uasi-particle (RA)ndom (P)hase approximation

A computer code for quasiparticle random phase approximation-QRPA and projected quasiparticle random phase approximation-PQRPA models of nuclear structure is explained in details. An important application of the code consists in evaluating nuclear matrix elements involved in neutrino-nucleus reactions. As an example, cross section for 56Fe and 12C are calculated and the code output is explained. The application to other nuclei and the description of other nuclear and weak decay processes is also discussed.

nucl-th↗

Light radioactive nuclei capture reactions with phenomenological potential models

Light radioactive nuclei play an important role in many astrophysical environments. Due to very low cross sections of some neutron and proton capture reactions by these radioactive nuclei at energies of astrophysical interest, direct laboratory measurements are very difficult. For radioactive nuclei such as 8Li and 8B, the direct measurement of neutron capture reactions is impossible. Indirect methods have been applied to overcome these difficulties. In this work we will report on the results and discussion of phenomenological potential models used to determine some proton and neutron capture reactions. As a test we show the results for the 16O(p,g)17F_gs(5/2+) and 16O(p,g)17F_ex(1/2+) capture reactions.We also computed the nucleosynthesis cross sections for the 7Li(n,g)8Li, 8Li(n,g)9Li and 8B(p,g)9C capture reactions.

nucl-th↗

Nuclear Astrophysics in Rare Isotope Facilities

Nuclear reactions in stars are difficult to measure directly in the laboratory at the small astrophysical energies. In recent years indirect methods with rare isotopes have been developed and applied to extract low-energy astrophysical cross sections.

nucl-th↗

Nuclear Astrophysics with Radioactive Beams

The quest to comprehend how nuclear processes influence astrophysical phenomena is driving experimental and theoretical research programs worldwide. One of the main goals in nuclear astrophysics is to understand how energy is generated in stars, how elements are synthesized in stellar events and what the nature of neutron stars is. New experimental capabilities, the availability of radioactive beams and increased computational power paired with new astronomical observations have advanced the present knowledge. This review summarizes the progress in the field of nuclear astrophysics with a focus on the role of indirect methods and reactions involving beams of rare isotopes.

nucl-th↗

Theory and Applications of Coulomb Excitation

Because the interaction is well-known, Coulomb excitation is one of the best tools for the investigation of nuclear properties. In the last 3 decades new reaction theories for Coulomb excitation have been developed such as: (a) relativistic Coulomb excitation, (b) Coulomb excitation at intermediate energies, and (c) multistep coupling in the continuum. These developments are timely with the advent of rare isotope facilities. Of special interest is the Coulomb excitation and dissociation of weakly-bound systems. I review the Coulomb excitation theory, from low to relativistic collision energies. Several applications of the theory to situations of interest in nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics are discussed.

nucl-th↗

Radiative capture of nucleons at astrophysical energies with single-particle states

Radiative capture of nucleons at energies of astrophysical interest is one of the most important processes for nucleosynthesis. The nucleon capture can occur either by a compound nucleus reaction or by a direct process. The compound reaction cross sections are usually very small, specially for light nuclei. The direct capture proceeds either via the formation of a single-particle resonance, or a non-resonant capture process. In this work we calculate radiative capture cross sections and astrophysical S-factors for nuclei in the mass region A<20 using single-particle states. We carefully discuss the parameter fitting procedure adopted in the simplified two-body treatment of the capture process. Then we produce a detailed list of cases for which the model works well. Useful quantities, such as spectroscopic factors and asymptotic normalization coefficients, are obtained and compared to published data.

nucl-th↗

Odd-even mass difference and isospin dependent pairing interaction

The neutron and proton odd-even mass differences are studied with Hartree-Fock+BCS (HFBCS) calculations with Skyrme interactions and an isospin dependent contact pairing interaction, which is recently derived from a microscopic nucleon-nucleon interaction. To this end, we perform HFBCS calculations for even and odd semi-magic Tin and Lead isotopes together with even and odd Z isotones with $N$= 50 and 82. The filling approximation is applied to the last unoccupied particle in odd nuclei. Comparisons with the experimental data show a clear manifestation of the isospin dependent pairing correlations in both proton and neutron pairing gaps.

nucl-th↗

Dissociation of Relativistic Projectiles with the Continuum-Discretized Coupled-Channels Method

Relativistic effects in the breakup of weakly-bound nuclei at intermediate energies are studied by means of the continuum-discretized coupled-channels method with eikonal approximation. Nuclear coupling potentials with Lorentz contraction are newly included and those effects on breakup cross sections are investigated. We show that relativistic corrections lead to larger breakup cross sections. Coupled-channel effects on the breakup cross sections are also discussed.

nucl-th↗

Non-inertial effects in fusion reactions of astrophysical interest

We discuss the effects of non-inertial motion in reactions occurring in laboratory, stars, and elsewhere. It is demonstrated that non-inertial effects due to large accelerations during nuclear collisions might have appreciable effects nuclear and atomic transitions. We also explore the magnitude of the corrections induced by strong gravitational fields on nuclear reactions in massive, compact stars, and the neighborhood of black holes.

nucl-th↗