arXiv subjects

C. Baldenegro Barrera

Publications and source records attributed to C. Baldenegro Barrera.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2021

Characterisation of the dip-bump structure observed in proton-proton elastic scattering at $\sqrt s$ = 8 TeV

The TOTEM collaboration at the CERN LHC has measured the differential cross-section of elastic proton-proton scattering at $\sqrt{s} = 8\ {\rm TeV}$ in the squared four-momentum transfer range $0.2\ {\rm GeV^{2}} < |t| < 1.9\ {\rm GeV^{2}}$. This interval includes the structure with a diffractive minimum ("dip") and a secondary maximum ("bump") that has also been observed at all other LHC energies, where measurements were made. A detailed characterisation of this structure for $\sqrt{s} = 8\ {\rm TeV}$ yields the positions, $|t|_{\rm dip} = (0.521 \pm 0.007)\ {\rm GeV^2}$ and $|t|_{\rm bump} = (0.695 \pm 0.026)\ {\rm GeV^2}$, as well as the cross-section values, ${{\rm d}σ/{\rm d} t}_{\rm dip} = (15.1 \pm 2.5)\ {\rm{μb/GeV^2}}$ and ${{\rm d}σ/{\rm d} t}_{\rm bump} = (29.7 \pm 1.8)\ {\rm{μb/GeV^2}}$, for the dip and the bump, respectively.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2021

Comparison of $pp$ and $p \bar{p}$ differential elastic cross sections and observation of the exchange of a colorless $C$-odd gluonic compound

We describe an analysis comparing the $p\bar{p}$ elastic cross section as measured by the D0 Collaboration at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV to that in $pp$ collisions as measured by the TOTEM Collaboration at 2.76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV using a model-independent approach. The TOTEM cross sections extrapolated to a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} =$ 1.96 TeV are compared with the D0 measurement in the region of the diffractive minimum and the second maximum of the $pp$ cross section. The two data sets disagree at the 3.4$σ$ level and thus provide evidence for the $t$-channel exchange of a colorless, $C$-odd gluonic compound, also known as the odderon. We combine these results with a TOTEM analysis of the same $C$-odd exchange based on the total cross section and the ratio of the real to imaginary parts of the forward elastic scattering amplitude in $pp$ scattering. The combined significance of these results is larger than 5$σ$ and is interpreted as the first observation of the exchange of a colorless, $C$-odd gluonic compound.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2018

Elastic differential cross-section ${\rm d}σ/{\rm d}t$ at $\sqrt{s}=$2.76 TeV and implications on the existence of a colourless 3-gluon bound state

The proton-proton elastic differential cross section ${\rm d}σ/{\rm d}t$ has been measured by the TOTEM experiment at $\sqrt{s}=2.76$ TeV energy with $β^{*}=11$ m beam optics. The Roman Pots were inserted to 13 times the transverse beam size from the beam, which allowed to measure the differential cross-section of elastic scattering in a range of the squared four-momentum transfer ($|t|$) from $0.36$ GeV$^{2}$ to $0.74$ GeV$^{2}$. The differential cross-section can be described with an exponential in the $|t|$-range between $0.36$ GeV$^{2}$ and $0.54$ GeV$^{2}$, followed by a diffractive minimum (dip) at $|t_{\rm dip}| = 0.61 \pm 0.03$ GeV$^{2}$ and a subsequent maximum (bump). The ratio of the ${\rm d}σ/{\rm d}t$ at the bump and at the dip is $1.7\pm 0.2$. When compared to the $\rm p\bar{p}$ measurement of the D0 experiment at $\sqrt s = 1.96$ TeV, a significant difference can be observed. Under the condition that the effects due to the energy difference between TOTEM and D0 can be neglected, the result provides evidence for a colourless 3-gluon bound state exchange in the $t$-channel of the proton-proton elastic scattering.

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arXiv2018

Elastic differential cross-section measurement at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV by TOTEM

The TOTEM collaboration has measured the elastic proton-proton differential cross section ${\rm d}σ/{\rm d}t$ at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV LHC energy using dedicated $β^{*}=90$ m beam optics. The Roman Pot detectors were inserted to 10$σ$ distance from the LHC beam, which allowed the measurement of the range $[0.04$ GeV$^{2}$$; 4 $GeV$^{2}$$]$ in four-momentum transfer squared $|t|$. The efficient data acquisition allowed to collect about 10$^{9}$ elastic events to precisely measure the differential cross-section including the diffractive minimum (dip), the subsequent maximum (bump) and the large-$|t|$ tail. The average nuclear slope has been found to be $B=(20.40 \pm 0.002^{\rm stat} \pm 0.01^{\rm syst})~$GeV$^{-2}$ in the $|t|$-range $0.04~$GeV$^{2}$ to $0.2~$GeV$^{2}$. The dip position is $|t_{\rm dip}|=(0.47 \pm 0.004^{\rm stat} \pm 0.01^{\rm syst})~$GeV$^{2}$. The differential cross section ratio at the bump vs. at the dip $R=1.77\pm0.01^{\rm stat}$ has been measured with high precision. The series of TOTEM elastic pp measurements show that the dip is a permanent feature of the pp differential cross-section at the TeV scale.

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arXiv2018

First determination of the $ρ$ parameter at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV -- probing the existence of a colourless three-gluon bound state

The TOTEM experiment at the LHC has performed the first measurement at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV of the $ρ$ parameter, the real to imaginary ratio of the nuclear elastic scattering amplitude at $t=0$, obtaining the following results: $ρ= 0.09 \pm 0.01$ and $ρ= 0.10 \pm 0.01$, depending on different physics assumptions and mathematical modelling. The unprecedented precision of the $ρ$ measurement, combined with the TOTEM total cross-section measurements in an energy range larger than 10 TeV (from 2.76 to 13 TeV), has implied the exclusion of all the models classified and published by COMPETE. The $ρ$ results obtained by TOTEM are compatible with the predictions, from alternative theoretical models both in the Regge-like framework and in the QCD framework, of a colourless 3-gluon bound state exchange in the $t$-channel of the proton-proton elastic scattering. On the contrary, if shown that the 3-gluon bound state $t$-channel exchange is not of importance for the description of elastic scattering, the $ρ$ value determined by TOTEM would represent a first evidence of a slowing down of the total cross-section growth at higher energies. The very low-$|t|$ reach allowed also to determine the absolute normalisation using the Coulomb amplitude for the first time at the LHC and obtain a new total proton-proton cross-section measurement $σ_{tot} = 110.3 \pm 3.5$ mb, completely independent from the previous TOTEM determination. Combining the two TOTEM results yields $σ_{tot} = 110.5 \pm 2.4$ mb.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2018

First measurement of elastic, inelastic and total cross-section at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV by TOTEM and overview of cross-section data at LHC energies

The TOTEM collaboration has measured the proton-proton total cross section at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with a luminosity-independent method. Using dedicated $β^{*}=90$ m beam optics, the Roman Pots were inserted very close to the beam. The inelastic scattering rate has been measured by the T1 and T2 telescopes during the same LHC fill. After applying the optical theorem the total proton-proton cross section is $σ_{\rm tot}=(110.6 \pm 3.4$) mb, well in agreement with the extrapolation from lower energies. This method also allows one to derive the luminosity-independent elastic and inelastic cross sections: $σ_{\rm el} = (31.0 \pm 1.7)$ mb and $σ_{\rm inel} = (79.5 \pm 1.8)$ mb.

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