Ab initio correlations between neutrinoless and two-neutrino double-beta decays in $^{48}$Ca
We develop a novel ab initio in-medium no-core configuration-interaction (IM-NCCI) framework for nuclear charge-exchange processes by combining the in-medium similarity renormalization group with chiral nuclear Hamiltonians, and apply it to the $2νββ$ and $0νββ$ decays of $^{48}$Ca. This framework reproduces the locations of several main resonance peaks in the Gamow-Teller (GT) strength distribution for the $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}\to{}^{48}\mathrm{Sc}$ transition. The cumulative GT strength indicates missing contributions from two-body weak currents, corresponding to an effective quenching factor of $q\simeq0.84$. Incorporating this quenching yields a $2νββ$ nuclear matrix element (NME) in excellent agreement with experiment. Applying the same framework to $0νββ$ decay, and including the contribution from short-range operators, we obtain a total NME of $M^{0ν}=1.00\text{-}2.02$. Using 34 non-implausible chiral Hamiltonians, we establish from first principles strong linear correlations between the $0νββ$ NME and the NMEs governing $2νββ$ decay and double GT transitions. Combining these correlation relations within the 95% confidence level with the experimental $2νββ$-decay data yields a constrained prediction of $M^{0ν}=1.30\text{-}1.65$. This work establishes IM-NCCI as a complementary ab initio framework for nuclear weak decays and opens a pathway toward constraining $0νββ$ NMEs in heavier candidate nuclei using experimentally accessible $2νββ$-decay data.