arXiv subjects

C. P. Nehal

Publications and source records attributed to C. P. Nehal.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Investigating the Spectral Properties of Dual Nuclei in Galaxy Mergers from the GOTHIC survey: Supermassive Black Hole Growth, metal enrichment and Dual AGN

Dual nuclei systems are galaxy merger remnants or closely merging galaxies that have two distinct stellar cores separated by ~ 10pc to 10kpc. They are important laboratories for probing the co-evolution of stellar populations, galaxy dynamics, and central black holes during the hierarchical assembly of galaxies. In this study, we present a spectroscopic analysis of a sample of dual nuclei from the GOTHIC survey, using the penalized pixel-fitting (pPXF) code. The sample consists of star forming nuclei pairs, dual active galactic nuclei (DAGN) and mixed pairs. Using the SDSS spectra, we extracted stellar kinematics, emission line fluxes, the star formation history, metallicity of the nuclei, and derived important properties such as the supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses, accretion rates and SMBH ratios. We compared different properties of the nuclei in the dual systems, such as stellar velocity dispersion, stellar masses, black hole masses, age and metallicity. Our results show that the SMBH masses are higher for BHs in galaxy mergers compared to single nuclei for a given stellar mass, thus revealing that SMBHs grow during the galaxy merging process and not only due to the merger of SMBHs. Our study provides new observational constraints on the dynamical and evolutionary states of dual-nuclei systems, offering a deeper understanding of the role these systems play in galaxy evolution and central black hole growth.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2025

Investigating the Bulge Morphology of Dual AGN Host Galaxies from the GOTHIC survey

We present a structural analysis of bulges in dual active galactic nuclei (AGN) host galaxies. Dual AGN arise in galaxy mergers where both supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are actively accreting. The AGN are typically embedded in compact bulges, which appear as luminous nuclei in optical images. Galaxy mergers can result in bulge growth, often via star formation. The bulges can be disky (pseudobulges), classical bulges, or belong to elliptical galaxies. Using SDSS DR18 gri images and GALFIT modelling, we performed 2D decomposition for 131 dual AGN bulges (comprising 61 galaxy pairs and 3 galaxy triplets) identified in the GOTHIC survey. We derived s\'ersic indices, luminosities, masses, and scalelengths of the bulges. Most bulges (105/131) are classical, with s\'ersic indices lying between $n=2$ and $n=8$. Among these, 64% are elliptical galaxies, while the remainder are classical bulges in disc galaxies. Only $\sim$20% of the sample exhibit pseudobulges. Bulge masses span $1.5\times10^9$ to $1.4\times10^{12}\,M_\odot$, with the most massive systems being ellipticals. Galaxy type matching shows that elliptical--elliptical (E--E) and elliptical--disc (E--D) mergers dominate over disc--disc (D--D) mergers. At least one galaxy in two-thirds of the dual AGN systems is elliptical and only $\sim$30% involve two disc galaxies. Although our sample is limited, our results suggest that dual AGN preferentially occur in evolved, red, quenched systems, that typically form via major mergers. They are predominantly hosted in classical bulges or elliptical galaxies rather than star-forming disc galaxies.

astro-ph.GA↗