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C. T. Sachrajda

Publications and source records attributed to C. T. Sachrajda.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

Determination of the $A_2$ amplitude of $K \rightarrow ππ$ decays

We review the status of recent calculations by the RBC-UKQCD collaboration of the complex amplitude $A_2$, corresponding to the decay of a kaon to a two pion state with total isospin 2. In particular, we present preliminary results from two new ensembles: $48^3 \times 96$ with $a^{-1}=1.73$ GeV and $64^3 \times 128$ with $a^{-1}=2.3$ GeV, both at physical kinematics. Both ensembles were generated Iwasaki gauge action and domain wall fermion action with 2+1 flavours. These results, in comparison to our earlier ones on a $32^3$ DSDR lattice with $a^{-1}=1.36$ GeV, enable us to significantly reduce the discretization errors. The partial cancellation between the two dominant contractions contributing to Re($A_2$) has been confirmed and we believe that this cancellation is a major contribution to the $ΔI=1/2$ rule.

hep-lat↗

The $B^*Bπ$ coupling with relativistic heavy quarks

We report on a calculation of the $B^*Bπ$ coupling in lattice QCD. The strong matrix element $\langle B π| B^*\rangle$ is directly related to the leading order low-energy constant in heavy meson chiral perturbation theory (HM$χ$PT) for $B$-mesons. We carry out our calculation directly at the $b$-quark mass using a non-perturbatively tuned clover action that controls discretisation effects of order $|\vec{p}a|$ and $(ma)^n$ for all $n$. Our analysis is performed on RBC/UKQCD gauge configurations using domain wall fermions and the Iwasaki gauge action at two lattice spacings of $a^{-1}=1.73(3)$ GeV, $a^{-1}=2.28(3)$ GeV, and unitary pion masses down to 290 MeV. We achieve good statistical precision and control all systematic uncertainties, giving a final result for the HM$χ$PT coupling $g_b = 0.569(48)_{stat}(59)_{sys}$ in the continuum and at the physical light-quark masses. This is the first calculation performed directly at the physical $b$-quark mass and lies in the region one would expect from carrying out an interpolation between previous results at the charm mass and at the static point.

hep-lat↗

Kaon Mixing Beyond the Standard Model

We report on an ongoing calculation of hadronic matrix elements needed to parameterize K-Kbar mixing in generic BSM scenarios, using domain wall fermions (DWF) at two lattice spacings. Recent work by the SWME collaboration shows a significant disagreement with our previous results for two of these quantities. Since the origin of this disagreement is unknown, it is important to reduce the various uncertainties. In this work, we are using N_f=2+1 DWF with Iwasaki gauge action at inverse lattice spacings of 2.31 and 1.75 GeV, with multiple unitary pions on each ensemble, the lightest being 290 and 330 MeV on the finer and coarser of the two ensembles respectively. This extends previous work by the addition of a second lattice spacing (a^{-1}\approx 1.75 GeV). Renormalization is carried out non-perturbatively in the RI/MOM scheme and converted perturbatively to MSbar.

hep-lat↗

Emerging understanding of the ΔI = 1/2 Rule from Lattice QCD

There has been much speculation as to the origin of the ΔI = 1/2 rule (Re A_0/Re A_2 \simeq 22.5). We find that the two dominant contributions to the ΔI=3/2, K \to ππ correlation functions have opposite signs leading to a significant cancellation. This partial cancellation occurs in our computation of Re A_2 with physical quark masses and kinematics (where we reproduce the experimental value of A_2) and also for heavier pions at threshold. For Re A_0, although we do not have results at physical kinematics, we do have results for pions at zero-momentum with m_π \simeq 420 MeV (Re A_0/Re A_2=9.1(2.1)) and m_π \simeq 330 MeV (Re A_0/Re A_2=12.0(1.7)). The contributions which partially cancel in Re A_2 are also the largest ones in Re A_0, but now they have the same sign and so enhance this amplitude. The emerging explanation of the ΔI=1/2 rule is a combination of the perturbative running to scales of O(2 GeV), a relative suppression of Re A_2 through the cancellation of the two dominant contributions and the corresponding enhancement of Re A_0. QCD and EWP penguin operators make only very small contributions at such scales.

hep-lat↗

Lattice determination of the $K \to (ππ)_{I=2}$ Decay Amplitude $A_2$

We describe the computation of the amplitude A_2 for a kaon to decay into two pions with isospin I=2. The results presented in the letter Phys.Rev.Lett. 108 (2012) 141601 from an analysis of 63 gluon configurations are updated to 146 configurations giving Re$A_2=1.381(46)_{\textrm{stat}}(258)_{\textrm{syst}} 10^{-8}$ GeV and Im$A_2=-6.54(46)_{\textrm{stat}}(120)_{\textrm{syst}}10^{-13}$ GeV. Re$A_2$ is in good agreement with the experimental result, whereas the value of Im$A_2$ was hitherto unknown. We are also working towards a direct computation of the $K\to(ππ)_{I=0}$ amplitude $A_0$ but, within the standard model, our result for Im$A_2$ can be combined with the experimental results for Re$A_0$, Re$A_2$ and $ε^\prime/ε$ to give Im$A_0/$Re$A_0= -1.61(28)\times 10^{-4}$ . Our result for Im\,$A_2$ implies that the electroweak penguin (EWP) contribution to $ε^\prime/ε$ is Re$(ε^\prime/ε)_{\mathrm{EWP}} = -(6.25 \pm 0.44_{\textrm{stat}} \pm 1.19_{\textrm{syst}}) \times 10^{-4}$.

hep-lat↗

The $K\to(ππ)_{I=2}$ Decay Amplitude from Lattice QCD

We report on the first realistic \emph{ab initio} calculation of a hadronic weak decay, that of the amplitude $A_2$ for a kaon to decay into two π-mesons with isospin 2. We find Re$A_2=(1.436\pm 0.063_{\textrm{stat}}\pm 0.258_{\textrm{syst}})\,10^{-8}\,\textrm{GeV}$ in good agreement with the experimental result and for the hitherto unknown imaginary part we find {Im}$\,A_2=-(6.83 \pm 0.51_{\textrm{stat}} \pm 1.30_{\textrm{syst}})\,10^{-13}\,{\rm GeV}$. Moreover combining our result for Im\,$A_2$ with experimental values of Re\,$A_2$, Re\,$A_0$ and $ε^\prime/ε$, we obtain the following value for the unknown ratio Im\,$A_0$/Re\,$A_0$ within the Standard Model: $\mathrm{Im}\,A_0/\mathrm{Re}\,A_0=-1.63(19)_{\mathrm{stat}}(20)_{\mathrm{syst}}\times10^{-4}$. One consequence of these results is that the contribution from Im\,$A_2$ to the direct CP violation parameter $ε^{\prime}$ (the so-called Electroweak Penguin, EWP, contribution) is Re$(ε^\prime/ε)_{\mathrm{EWP}} = -(6.52 \pm 0.49_{\textrm{stat}} \pm 1.24_{\textrm{syst}}) \times 10^{-4}$. We explain why this calculation of $A_2$ represents a major milestone for lattice QCD and discuss the exciting prospects for a full quantitative understanding of CP-violation in kaon decays.

hep-lat↗

Continuum Limit Physics from 2+1 Flavor Domain Wall QCD

We present physical results obtained from simulations using 2+1 flavors of domain wall quarks and the Iwasaki gauge action at two values of the lattice spacing $a$, ($a^{-1}$=\,1.73\,(3)\,GeV and $a^{-1}$=\,2.28\,(3)\,GeV). On the coarser lattice, with $24^3\times 64\times 16$ points, the analysis of ref.[1] is extended to approximately twice the number of configurations. The ensembles on the finer $32^3\times 64\times 16$ lattice are new. We explain how we use lattice data obtained at several values of the lattice spacing and for a range of quark masses in combined continuum-chiral fits in order to obtain results in the continuum limit and at physical quark masses. We implement this procedure at two lattice spacings, with unitary pion masses in the approximate range 290--420\,MeV (225--420\,MeV for partially quenched pions). We use the masses of the $π$ and $K$ mesons and the $Ω$ baryon to determine the physical quark masses and the values of the lattice spacing. While our data are consistent with the predictions of NLO SU(2) chiral perturbation theory, they are also consistent with a simple analytic ansatz leading to an inherent uncertainty in how best to perform the chiral extrapolation that we are reluctant to reduce with model-dependent assumptions about higher order corrections. Our main results include $f_π=124(2)_{\rm stat}(5)_{\rm syst}$\,MeV, $f_K/f_π=1.204(7)(25)$ where $f_K$ is the kaon decay constant, $m_s^{\bar{\textrm{MS}}}(2\,\textrm{GeV})=(96.2\pm 2.7)$\,MeV and $m_{ud}^{\bar{\textrm{MS}}}(2\,\textrm{GeV})=(3.59\pm 0.21)$\,MeV\, ($m_s/m_{ud}=26.8\pm 1.4$) where $m_s$ and $m_{ud}$ are the mass of the strange-quark and the average of the up and down quark masses respectively, $[Σ^{\msbar}(2 {\rm GeV})]^{1/3} = 256(6)\; {\rm MeV}$, where $Σ$ is the chiral condensate, the Sommer scale $r_0=0.487(9)$\,fm and $r_1=0.333(9)$\,fm.

hep-lat↗

$K$ to $ππ$ Decay amplitudes from Lattice QCD

We report a direct lattice calculation of the $K$ to $ππ$ decay matrix elements for both the $ΔI=1/2$ and 3/2 amplitudes $A_0$ and $A_2$ on 2+1 flavor, domain wall fermion, $16^3\times32\times16$ lattices. This is a complete calculation in which all contractions for the required ten, four-quark operators are evaluated, including the disconnected graphs in which no quark line connects the initial kaon and final two-pion states. These lattice operators are non-perturbatively renormalized using the Rome-Southampton method and the quadratic divergences are studied and removed. This is an important but notoriously difficult calculation, requiring high statistics on a large volume. In this paper we take a major step towards the computation of the physical $K\toππ$ amplitudes by performing a complete calculation at unphysical kinematics with pions of mass 422\,MeV at rest in the kaon rest frame. With this simplification we are able to resolve Re$(A_0)$ from zero for the first time, with a 25% statistical error and can develop and evaluate methods for computing the complete, complex amplitude $A_0$, a calculation central to understanding the $Δ=1/2$ rule and testing the standard model of CP violation in the kaon system.

hep-lat↗

Continuum Limit of $B_K$ from 2+1 Flavor Domain Wall QCD

We determine the neutral kaon mixing matrix element $B_K$ in the continuum limit with 2+1 flavors of domain wall fermions, using the Iwasaki gauge action at two different lattice spacings. These lattice fermions have near exact chiral symmetry and therefore avoid artificial lattice operator mixing. We introduce a significant improvement to the conventional NPR method in which the bare matrix elements are renormalized non-perturbatively in the RI-MOM scheme and are then converted into the MSbar scheme using continuum perturbation theory. In addition to RI-MOM, we introduce and implement four non-exceptional intermediate momentum schemes that suppress infrared non-perturbative uncertainties in the renormalization procedure. We compute the conversion factors relating the matrix elements in this family of RI-SMOM schemes and MSbar at one-loop order. Comparison of the results obtained using these different intermediate schemes allows for a more reliable estimate of the unknown higher-order contributions and hence for a correspondingly more robust estimate of the systematic error. We also apply a recently proposed approach in which twisted boundary conditions are used to control the Symanzik expansion for off-shell vertex functions leading to a better control of the renormalization in the continuum limit. We control chiral extrapolation errors by considering both the NLO SU(2) chiral effective theory, and an analytic mass expansion. We obtain $B_K^{\msbar}(3 GeV) = 0.529(5)_{stat}(15)_χ(2)_{FV}(11)_{NPR}$. This corresponds to $\hat{B}_K = 0.749(7)_{stat}(21)_χ(3)_{FV}(15)_{NPR}$. Adding all sources of error in quadrature we obtain $\hat{B}_K = 0.749(27)_{combined}$, with an overall combined error of 3.6%.

hep-lat↗

Light Meson Distribution Amplitudes

We calculated the first two moments of the light-cone distribution amplitudes for the pseudoscalar mesons ($π$ and $K$) and the longitudinally polarised vector mesons ($ρ$, $K^*$ and $ϕ$) as part of the UKQCD and RBC collaborations' $N_f=2+1$ domain-wall fermion phenomenology programme. These quantities were obtained with a good precision and, in particular, the expected effects of $SU(3)$-flavour symmetry breaking were observed. Operators were renormalised non-perturbatively and extrapolations to the physical point were made, guided by leading order chiral perturbation theory. The main results presented are for two volumes, $16^3\times 32$ and $24^3\times 64$, with a common lattice spacing. Preliminary results for a lattice with a finer lattice spacing, $32^3\times64$, are discussed and a first look is taken at the use of twisted boundary conditions to extract distribution amplitudes.

hep-lat↗

The $η$ and $η^\prime$ mesons from Lattice QCD

The large mass of the ninth pseudoscalar meson, the $η^\prime$, is believed to arise from the combined effects of the axial anomaly and the gauge field topology present in QCD. We report a realistic, 2+1 flavor, lattice QCD calculation of the $η$ and $η^\prime$ masses and mixing which confirms this picture. The physical eigenstates show small octet-singlet mixing with a mixing angle of $θ= -14.1(2.8)^\circ$. Extrapolation to physical light quark mass gives, with statistical errors only, $m_η=573(6)$ MeV and $m_{η^\prime}=947(142)$ MeV, consistent with the experimental values of 548 MeV and 958 MeV.

hep-lat↗

K->pi form factors with reduced model dependence

Using partially twisted boundary conditions we compute the K->pi semi-leptonic form factors in the range of momentum transfers 0 <~ q^2 <= q^2_{max}=(mK-mpi)^2 in lattice QCD with N_f=2+1 dynamical flavours. In this way we are able to determine f+(0) without any interpolation in the momentum transfer, thus eliminating one source of systematic error. This study confirms our earlier phenomenological ansatz for the strange quark mass dependence of the scalar form factor. We identify and estimate potentially significant NNLO effects in the chiral expansion that guides the extrapolation of the data to the physical point. Our main result is f+(0) = 0.9599(34)(^{+31}_{-43})(14)$, where the first error is statistical, the second error is due to the uncertainties in the chiral extrapolation of the lattice data and the last error is an estimate of potential discretisation effects.

hep-lat↗

$K\to(ππ)_{I=2}$ decays and twisted boundary conditions

We propose a new method to evaluate the Lellouch-Lüscher factor which relates the $ΔI=3/2$ $K\toππ$ matrix elements computed on a finite lattice to the physical (infinite-volume) decay amplitudes. The method relies on the use of partially twisted boundary conditions, which allow the s-wave $ππ$ phase shift to be computed as an almost continuous function of the centre-of-mass relative momentum and hence for its derivative to be evaluated. We successfully demonstrate the feasibility of the technique in an exploratory computation.

hep-lat↗

Continuum results for light hadrons from 2+1 flavor DWF ensembles

From simultaneous fits to the data from the 2+1 flavor DWF ensembles generated by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations at two different lattice spacings, we present preliminary continuum results for light hadrons. We focus on light pseudoscalar decay constants and quark masses. Several approaches to the calculation of the lattice spacing are discussed and the errors associated with the chiral extrapolation are explained. We make use of reweighting in the dynamical strange quark mass such that our ensembles have a self-consistently determined strange quark mass.

hep-lat↗

Penguins with Charm and Quark-Hadron Duality

The integrated branching fraction of the process $B\to X_s l^+l^-$ is dominated by resonance background from narrow charmonium states, such as $B\to X_sψ\to X_s l^+l^-$, which exceeds the non-resonant charm-loop contribution by two orders of magnitude. The origin of this fact is discussed in view of the general expectation of quark-hadron duality. The situation in $B\to X_s l^+l^-$ is contrasted with charm-penguin amplitudes in two-body hadronic B decays of the type $B\toππ$, for which it is demonstrated that resonance effects and the potentially non-perturbative $c\bar c$ threshold region do not invalidate the standard picture of QCD factorization. This holds irrespective of whether the charm quark is treated as a light or a heavy quark.

hep-ph↗

Kl3 and pion form factors using partially twisted boundary conditions

We compute the Kl3 and pion form factors using partially twisted boundary conditions. The twists are chosen so that the Kl3 form factors are calculated directly at zero momentum transfer (q^2=0), removing the need for a q^2 interpolation, while the pion form factor is determined at values of q^2 close to q^2=0. The simulations are performed on an ensemble of the RBC/UKQCD collaboration's gauge configurations with Domain Wall Fermions and the Iwaski gauge action with an inverse lattice spacing of 1.73(3) GeV. Simulating at a single pion mass of 330 MeV, we find the pion charge radius to be < r^2>_{330 MeV}=0.354(31) fm^2 which, using NLO SU(2) chiral perturbation theory, translates to a value of =0.418(31) fm^2 for a physical pion. For the value of the Kl3 form factor, f_{Kπ}^+(q^2), determined directly at q^2=0, we find a value of f_{Kπ}^+(0)=0.9742(41) at this particular quark mass, which agrees well with our earlier result (0.9774(35)) obtained using the standard, indirect method.

hep-lat↗

Kl3 semileptonic form factor from 2+1 flavour lattice QCD

We present the first results for the Kl3 form factor from simulations with 2+1 flavours of dynamical domain wall quarks. Combining our result, namely f_+(0)=0.964(5), with the latest experimental results for Kl3 decays leads to |V_{us}|=0.2249(14), reducing the uncertaintity in this important parameter. For the O(p^6) term in the chiral expansion we obtain Δf=-0.013(5).

hep-lat↗

Parton Distribution Amplitudes and Non-Perturbative Renormalisation

We present results for the first two moments of the light-cone distribution amplitudes of the pion and kaon pseudo-scalar mesons and of the rho, K* and phi vector mesons. The calculations are performed on the RBC/UKQCD collaborations' ensembles generated with the Iwasaki gauge action and with 2+1 flavours of domain wall fermions. In addition we also provide some results on the necessary non-perturbative renormalisation which we perform using the Rome-Southampton method. We discuss the benefits of the momentum source approach such as much smaller statistical errors and the possibility to see effects of the discretisation.

hep-lat↗