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Cai-Dian Lü

Publications and source records attributed to Cai-Dian Lü.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Unbinned Angular Analysis of $B\to D^*(Dπ)\ell ν_\ell$ and $C_{V_R}$

A sensitivity study of the unbinned angular analysis of the $B\to D^*(Dπ)\ell ν_\ell$ decay is presented. In the analysis, it is shown that the Wilson coefficient of the right-handed vector current, $C_{V_R}$, can be measured to precision of 2-4$\%$ using either the full set of normalised angular observables or the forward-backward asymmetry $A_{FB}$ of the charged lepton in 10 $w$ bins. Such angular measurements are independent of the $V_{cb}$ puzzle.

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New Physics in $b\to s\ell\ell$ anomalies and its implications for the complementary neutral current decays

We study the Standard Model and the new physics predictions for the lepton-flavour-universality violating (LFUV) ratios in various $b\to s \ell^+\ell^-$ channels with scalar, pseudoscalar, vector, axial-vector, and $Λ$ baryon final states, considering both unpolarized and polarized final state hadrons. In order to formulate physical observables, we use the model independent effective Hamiltonian approach and employ the helicity formalism. We provide the explicit expressions of the helicity amplitudes in terms of the Wilson coefficients and the hadronic form factors by using the same kinematical configuration and polarization conventions for all the decay channels.We perform the numerical analysis with new physics scenarios selected from the recent global fits to $b\to s\ell^+\ell^-$ data, having specific new physics model interpretations. We find that some of the LFUV ratios for these complementary channels in different kinematical regions have high sensitivity to new physics and the future measurements of them in Belle II and LHCb experiments, along with testing new physics/LFUV, can help to distinguish among some of the different new physics possibilities.

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Enhanced Next-to-Leading-Order Corrections to Weak Annihilation $B$-Meson Decays

We accomplish the analytical computation of the pure weak annihilation non-leptonic $B$-meson decay amplitudes at leading power in the heavy quark expansion. The novel observation regarding such fundamental hadronic quantities is that adding the missing hard-collinear contribution on top of the hard gluon exchange effect eliminates rapidity divergences entering the convolution integrals of factorization formulae. Subsequently we identify the perturbative enhancement mechanism due to the penguin contractions of the current-current operators from the weak effective Hamiltonian, which yields the significant impacts on the CP violating observables.

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Unbinned Angular Analysis of $B\to D^*\ell ν_\ell$ and the Right-handed Current

In this article, we perform a sensitivity study of an unbinned angular analysis of the $B\to D^*\ell ν_\ell$ decay, including the contributions from the right-handed current. We show that the angular observable can constrain very strongly the right-handed current without the intervention of the yet unsolved $V_{cb}$ puzzle.

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Revisit to the $b\to cτν$ transition: in and beyond the SM

We perform an analysis of the $b\to cτν$ data, including $R(D^{(*)})$, $R(J/ψ)$, $P_τ(D^{*})$ and $F_L^{D^*}$, within and beyond the Standard Model (SM). We fit the $B\to D^{(*)}$ hadronic form factors in the HQET parametrization to the lattice and the light-cone sum rule (LCSR) results, applying the general strong unitarity bounds corresponding to $J^P=1^-$, $1^+$, $0^-$ and $0^+$. Using the obtained HQET relations between helicity amplitudes, we give the strong unitarity bounds on individual helicity amplitudes, which can be used in the BGL fits. Using the fitted form factors and taking into account the most recent Belle measurement of $R(D^{(*)})$ we investigate the model-independent and the leptoquark model explanations of the $b\to cτν$ anomalies. Specifically, we consider the one-operator, the two-operator new physics (NP) scenarios and the NP models with a single $R_2$, $S_1$ or $U_1$ leptoquark which is supposed to be able to address the $b\to cτν$ anomalies, and our results show that the $R_2$ leptoquark model is in tension with the limit $\mathcal B(B_c\to τν)<10\%$. Furthermore, we give predictions for the various observables in the SM and the NP scenarios/leptoquark models based on the present form factor study and the analysis of NP.

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Study on pure annihilation type B to V gamma decays

We investigate the pure annihilation type radiative $B$ meson decays $B^0 \to ϕγ$ and $B_s \to ρ^0(ω)γ$ in the soft-collinear effective theory. We consider three types of contributions to the decay amplitudes, including the direct annihilation topology, the contribution from the electro-magnetic penguin operator and the contribution of the neutral vector meson mixings. The numerical analysis shows that the decay amplitudes are dominated by the $ω-ϕ$ mixing effect in the $B^0 \to ϕγ$ and $B_s \to ωγ$ modes. The corresponding decay branching ratios are enhanced about three orders of magnitudes relative to the pure annihilation type contribution in these two decay channels. The decay rate of $B_s \to ρ^0γ$ is much smaller than that of $B_s \to ωγ$ because of the smaller $ρ^0-ϕ$ mixing. The predicted branching ratios $B(B^{0}\rightarrowϕγ)=(3.99^{+1.67}_{-1.46} )\times10^{-9},\,B(B_s\rightarrowωγ)=(2.01^{+0.81}_{-0.71} )\times10^{-7}$ are to be tested by the Belle-II and LHC-b experiments.

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QCD calculations of radiative heavy meson decays with subleading power corrections

We revisit QCD calculations of radiative heavy meson decay form factors by including the subleading power corrections from the twist-two photon distribution amplitude at next-to-leading-order in $α_s$ with the method of the light-cone sum rules (LCSR). The desired hard-collinear factorization formula for the vacuum-to-photon correlation function with the interpolating currents for two heavy mesons is constructed with the operator-product-expansion technique in the presence of evanescent operators. Applying the background field approach, the higher twist corrections from both the two-particle and three-particle photon distribution amplitudes are further computed in the LCSR framework at leading-order in QCD, up to the twist-four accuracy. Combining the leading power "point-like" photon contribution at tree level and the subleading power resolved photon corrections from the newly derived LCSR, we update theory predictions for the nonperturbative couplings describing the electromagnetic decay processes of the heavy mesons $H^{\ast \, \pm} \to H^{\pm} \, γ$, $H^{\ast \, 0} \to H^{0} \, γ$, $H_s^{\ast \, \pm} \to H_s^{\pm} \, γ$ (with $H=D, \, B$). Furthermore, we perform an exploratory comparisons of our sum rule computations of the heavy-meson magnetic couplings with the previous determinations based upon different QCD approaches and phenomenological models.

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Testing Leptoquark and $Z^{\prime}$ Models via $B\to K_{1}(1270,1400)μ^{+}μ^{-}$ Decays

The measurements of $R_{K^{(*)}}=\mathcal B(B\to K^{(*)}μ^{+}μ^{-})/\mathcal B(B\to K^{(*)}e^{+}e^{-})$ in recent years have hinted lepton flavor non-universality and thus drawn widespread attentions. If these anomalies are induced by new physics (NP), deviations from the SM predictions may also be found in other channels via the same process at the quark level. In this work, we study in $B\to K_{1}(1270,1400)μ^{+}μ^{-}$ decays the effects of two popular classes of NP models which can address the $b\to s$ anomalies, i.e. the leptoquark models and the $Z^{\prime}$ models. By assuming that NP only affects the $b\to sμ^+μ^-$ transition, we find that the unpolarized and polarized lepton flavor universality (LFU) ratios $R_{K_1^{(L,T)}(1270)}$ are useful to distinguish among the NP models (scenarios) and the SM because they are sensitive to the NP effects and insensitive to the mixing angle $θ_{K_1}$, while the $R_{K_1^{(L,T)}(1400)}$ are sensitive to both NP and $θ_{K_1}$. Another ratio $R_μ(K_1)=\mathcal B(B\to K_1(1400)μ^+μ^-)/\mathcal B(B\to K_1(1270)μ^+μ^-)$ is shown to depend weekly on the effects from the NP models (scenarios) under consideration, and thus can be used to determine the $θ_{K_1}$ and complement the $R_{K_1^{(L,T)}}$ in the probe for NP.

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Precision calculations of $B \to V$ form factors in QCD

Applying the vacuum-to-$B$-meson correlation functions with an interpolating current for the light vector meson we construct the light-cone sum rules (LCSR) for the "effective" form factors $ξ_{\parallel}(n \cdot p)$, $ξ_{\perp}(n \cdot p)$, $Ξ_{\parallel}(τ, n \cdot p)$ and $Ξ_{\perp}(τ, n \cdot p)$, defined by the corresponding hadronic matrix elements in soft-collinear effective theory (SCET), entering the leading-power factorization formulae for QCD form factors responsible for $B \to V \ell \bar ν_{\ell}$ and $B \to V \ell \bar \ell$ decays at large hadronic recoil at next-to-leading-order in QCD. The light-quark mass effect for the local SCET form factors $ξ_{\parallel}(n \cdot p)$ and $ξ_{\perp}(n \cdot p)$ is also computed from the LCSR method with the $B$-meson light-cone distribution amplitude $ϕ_B^{+}(ω, μ)$ at ${\cal O}(α_s)$. Furthermore, the subleading power corrections to $B \to V$ form factors from the higher-twist $B$-meson light-cone distribution amplitudes are also computed with the same method at tree level up to the twist-six accuracy. Having at our disposal the LCSR predictions for $B \to V$ form factors, we further perform new determinations of the CKM matrix element $|V_{ub}|$ from the semileptonic $B \to ρ\, \ell \, \bar ν_{\ell}$ and $B \to ω\, \ell \, \bar ν_{\ell}$ decays, and predict the normalized differential branching fractions and the $q^2$-binned $K^{\ast}$ longitudinal polarization fractions of the exclusive rare $B \to K^{\ast} \, ν_{\ell} \, \bar ν_{\ell}$ decays.

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Power corrections to the pion transition form factor from higher-twist distribution amplitudes of photon

In this paper we investigate the power suppressed contributions from two-particle and three-particle twist-4 light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) of photon within the framework of light-cone sum rules. Compared with leading twist LCDA result, the contribution from three-particle twist-4 LCDAs is not suppressed in the expansion by $1/Q^2$, so that the power corrections considered in this work can give rise to a sizable contribution, especially at low $Q^2$ region. According to our result, the power suppressed contributions should be included in the determination of the Gegenbauer moments of pion LCDAs with the pion transition form factor.

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Implications on the first observation of charm CPV at LHCb

Very recently, the LHCb Collaboration observed the $CP$ violation (CPV) in the charm sector for the first time, with $ΔA_{CP}^{\rm dir}\equiv A_{CP}(D^0\to K^+K^-)-A_{CP}(D^0\to π^+π^-)=(-1.54\pm0.29)\times10^{-3}$. This result is consistent with our prediction of $ΔA_{CP}^{\rm SM}=(-0.57\sim -1.87)\times 10^{-3}$ obtained in the factorization-assisted topological-amplitude (FAT) approach in [PRD86,036012(2012)]. It implies that the current understanding of the penguin dynamics in charm decays in the Standard Model is reasonable. Motivated by the success of the FAT approach, we further suggest to measure the $D^+\to K^+K^-π^+$ decay, which is the next potential mode to reveal the CPV of the same order as $10^{-3}$.

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Charged lepton flavor violating Higgs decays at future $e^+e^-$ colliders

After the discovery of the Higgs boson, several future experiments have been proposed to study the Higgs boson properties, including two circular lepton colliders, the CEPC and the FCC-ee, and one linear lepton collider, the ILC. We evaluate the precision reach of these colliders in measuring the branching ratios of the charged lepton flavor violating Higgs decays $H\to e^\pmμ^\mp$, $e^\pmτ^\mp$ and $μ^\pmτ^\mp$. The expected upper bounds on the branching ratios given by the circular (linear) colliders are found to be $\mathcal{B}(H\to e^\pmμ^\mp) < 1.2\ (2.1) \times 10^{-5}$, $\mathcal{B}(H\to e^\pmτ^\mp) < 1.6\ (2.4) \times 10^{-4}$ and $\mathcal{B}(H\to μ^\pmτ^\mp) < 1.4\ (2.3) \times 10^{-4}$ at 95\% CL, which are improved by one to two orders compared to the current experimental bounds. We also discuss the constraints that these upper bounds set on certain theory parameters, including the charged lepton flavor violating Higgs couplings, the corresponding parameters in the type-III 2HDM, and the new physics cut-off scales in the SMEFT, in RS models and in models with heavy neutrinos.

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QCD calculations of $B \to π, K$ form factors with higher-twist corrections

We update QCD calculations of $B \to π, K$ form factors at large hadronic recoil by including the subleading-power corrections from the higher-twist $B$-meson light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) up to the twist-six accuracy and the strange-quark mass effects at leading-power in $Λ/m_b$ from the twist-two $B$-meson LCDA $ϕ_B^{+}(ω, μ)$. The higher-twist corrections from both the two-particle and three-particle $B$-meson LCDAs are computed from the light-cone QCD sum rules (LCSR) at tree level. In particular, we construct the local duality model for the twist-five and -six $B$-meson LCDAs, in agreement with the corresponding asymptotic behaviours at small quark and gluon momenta, employing the QCD sum rules in heavy quark effective theory at leading order in $α_s$. The strange quark mass effects in semileptonic $B \to K$ form factors yield the leading-power contribution in the heavy quark expansion, consistent with the power-counting analysis in soft-collinear effective theory, and they are also computed from the LCSR approach due to the appearance of the rapidity singularities. We further explore the phenomenological aspects of the semileptonic $B \to π\ell ν$ decays and the rare exclusive processes $B \to K νν$, including the determination of the CKM matrix element $|V_{ub}|$, the normalized differential $q^2$ distributions and precision observables defined by the ratios of branching fractions for the above-mentioned two channels in the same intervals of $q^2$.

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New Physics Search in the Doubly Weak Decay $\overline B^0 \to K^+ π^- $

The doubly weak transition $b\to dd{\bar s}$ is highly suppressed in the standard model, which makes it a potential channel to explore new physics signals. We present a study of the exclusive two body wrong sign weak decay $\smash{\overline B}^0\to K^+π^-$ belonging to this class within the perturbative QCD approach. We perform a model independent analysis for various effective dimension-6 operators, in which large effects are possible. We further analyze the considered process in example models such as Randall-Sundrum model, including the custodially protected and the bulk-Higgs Randall-Sundrum model. Exploring the experimentally favored parameter spaces of these models leads to a large and significant enhancement of the decay rate, compared to the standard model result, which might be accessible in future experiments. We propose to look for the wrong sign decay $\smash{\overline B}^0\to K^+π^-$ via flavour-tagged time-dependent analyses, which can be performed at LHCb and Belle-II.

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Exclusive production of $B_c$ mesons in $e^+e^-$ colliders

Within the framework of the perturbative QCD approach, we calculate the time-like $B_cB_c(B_c^*)$ form factors $F(Q^2)$ and $A_2(Q^2)$. We include relativistic corrections and QCD corrections, either of which can give about $20\%$ correction to the leading-order contribution, but there are cancellation effects between them. We calculate the cross sections of the $e^+e^-\to B_c^-B_c^+(B_c^{*+})$ processes. The cross sections are enhanced at the $Z$ pole to be $σ^{PP}(Q=m_Z) \sim 1.3\times10^{-5}\text{pb}$ and $σ^{PV}(Q=m_Z) \sim 2.5\times10^{-5}\text{pb}$, which are still too small to be detected by proposed $e^+e^-$ colliders such as the Circular Electron Positron Collider.

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$D^0$-$\overline{D}^0$ mixing parameter $y$ in the factorization-assisted topological-amplitude approach

We calculate the $D^0$-$\overline{D}^0$ mixing parameter $y$ in the factorization-assisted topological-amplitude (FAT) approach, considering contributions from $D^{0}\to PP$, $PV$, and $VV$ modes, where $P$ ($V$) stands for a pseudoscalar (vector) meson. The $D^{0}\to PP$ and $PV$ decay amplitudes are extracted in the FAT approach, and the $D^{0}\to VV$ decay amplitudes with final states in the longitudinal polarization are estimated via the parameter set for $D^{0}\to PV$. It is found that the $VV$ contribution to $y$, being of order of $10^{-4}$, is negligible, and that the $PP$ and $PV$ contributions amount only up to $y_{PP+PV}=(0.21\pm0.07)\%$, a prediction more precise than those previously obtained in the literature, and much lower than the experimental data $y_{\rm exp}=(0.61\pm0.08)\%$. We conclude that $D^{0}$ meson decays into other two-body and multi-particle final states are relevant to the evaluation of $y$, so it is difficult to understand it fully in an exclusive approach.

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Discovery Potentials of Doubly Charmed Baryons

The existence of doubly heavy flavor baryons has not been well established experimentally so far. In this Letter we systematically investigate the weak decays of the doubly charmed baryons, $Ξ_{cc}^{++}$ and $Ξ_{cc}^{+}$, which would be helpful for experimental searches for these particles. The branching fractions are studied under the factorization hypothesis for the short-distance contributions and considering the rescattering effect for the long-distance contributions which are significantly enhanced. Comparing all the decay modes, we recommend the processes of $Ξ_{cc}^{++}\to Λ_c^+K^-π^+π^+$ and $Ξ_c^+π^+$ as the first priority for experiments to search for the doubly heavy baryons.

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Renormalization group equation improved analysis of $B \to π$ form factors from Light-Cone Sum Rules

Within the framework of $B$-meson light-cone sum rules, we compute the one-loop level QCD corrections to $B\to π$ transition form factors at small $ q^{2}$ region, in implement of a complete renormalization group equation evolution. To solve the renormalization group equations, we work at the "dual" space where the anomalous dimensions of the jet function and the light-cone distribution amplitudes are diagonal. With the complete renormalization group equation evolution, the form factors are almost independent of the factorization scale, which is shown numerically. We also extrapolate the results of the form factors to the whole $q^2$ region, and compare their behavior with other studies.

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