arXiv subjects

Caio Waisman

Publications and source records attributed to Caio Waisman.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Profit-Aligned CATE Estimation: Reconciling Policy Learning and Inference

We propose a framework that aligns Conditional Average Treatment Effect (CATE) estimation with profit maximization. Our method recognizes that, for customers with extreme treatment effects, additional estimation accuracy is unlikely to change the recommended actions. In contrast, accuracy is critical near the decision boundary, where treatment effects are close to treatment costs. Our approach optimizes a novel objective function that concentrates learning capacity along this boundary. The proposed objective is Fisher consistent with respect to the original profit function and yields a consistent estimator for CATEs. Theoretically, our framework unifies standard plug-in optimization and direct policy optimization as limiting cases of the same optimization problem. We further show that entropy-regularized policy optimization is a special case of our framework. This result has a direct practical implication: firms can recover consistent CATE estimates from existing profit-maximization pipelines. We use synthetic data to demonstrate how the proposed framework allows firms to explicitly navigate the trade-off between global prediction accuracy and profit maximization.

econ.EM↗

arXiv2025

Multicell experiments for marginal treatment effect estimation of digital ads

Randomized experiments with treatment and control groups are an important tool to measure the impacts of interventions. However, in experimental settings with one-sided noncompliance extant empirical approaches may not produce the estimands a decision maker needs to solve the problem of interest. For example, these experimental designs are common in digital advertising settings but typical methods do not yield effects that inform the intensive margin: how many consumers should be reached or how much should be spent on a campaign. We propose a solution that combines a novel multicell experimental design with modern estimation techniques that enables decision makers to solve problems with an intensive margin. Our design is straightforward to implement and does not require additional budget. We illustrate our method through simulations calibrated using an advertising experiment at Facebook, demonstrating its superior performance in various scenarios and its advantage over direct optimization approaches.

econ.EM↗

arXiv2024

Bayesian estimation of finite mixtures of Tobit models

This paper outlines a Bayesian approach to estimate finite mixtures of Tobit models. The method consists of an MCMC approach that combines Gibbs sampling with data augmentation and is simple to implement. I show through simulations that the flexibility provided by this method is especially helpful when censoring is not negligible. In addition, I demonstrate the broad utility of this methodology with applications to a job training program, labor supply, and demand for medical care. I find that this approach allows for non-trivial additional flexibility that can alter results considerably and beyond improving model fit.

econ.EM↗

arXiv2024

Parallel Experimentation and Competitive Interference on Online Advertising Platforms

This paper studies the measurement of advertising effects on online platforms when parallel experimentation occurs, that is, when multiple advertisers experiment concurrently. It provides a framework that makes precise how parallel experimentation affects the experiment's value: while ignoring parallel experimentation yields an estimate of the average effect of advertising in-place, which has limited value in decision-making in an environment with variable advertising competition, accounting for parallel experimentation captures the actual uncertainty advertisers face due to competitive actions. It then implements an experimental design that enables the estimation of these effects on JD.com, a large e-commerce platform that is also a publisher of digital ads. Using traditional and kernel-based estimators, it shows that not accounting for competitive actions can result in the advertiser inaccurately estimating the advertising lift by a factor of two or higher, which can be consequential for decision-making.

econ.GN↗

arXiv2024

Online Causal Inference for Advertising in Real-Time Bidding Auctions

Real-time bidding (RTB) systems, which utilize auctions to allocate user impressions to competing advertisers, continue to enjoy success in digital advertising. Assessing the effectiveness of such advertising remains a challenge in research and practice. This paper proposes a new approach to perform causal inference on advertising bought through such mechanisms. Leveraging the economic structure of first- and second-price auctions, we first show that the effects of advertising are identified by the optimal bids. Hence, since these optimal bids are the only objects that need to be recovered, we introduce an adapted Thompson sampling (TS) algorithm to solve a multi-armed bandit problem that succeeds in recovering such bids and, consequently, the effects of advertising while minimizing the costs of experimentation. We derive a regret bound for our algorithm which is order optimal and use data from RTB auctions to show that it outperforms commonly used methods that estimate the effects of advertising.

cs.LG↗