arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Carlos Martinez-Ranero.
We construct a model of the Open Graph Axiom (OGA) in which there is a 2-entangled Suslin line $S$. Consequently, in this model, there is a 2-entangled uncountable linear order, but no such order is separable. This resolves a problem posed by Carroy, Levine, and Notaro \cite{carroy2025} and answers a question from McKenney on MathOverflow \cite{Mckenney2014}.
A linear order $A$ is called strongly surjective if for every non empty suborder $B \preceq A$, there is an epimorphism from $A$ onto $B$ (denoted by $B \trianglelefteq A$). We show, answering some questions of D\'aniel T. Soukup, that under $\mathsf{MA}_{\aleph_{1}}$ there is a strongly surjective Countryman line. We also study the general structure of the class of Aronszajn lines under $\trianglelefteq$, and compare it with the well known embeddability relation $\preceq$. Under $\mathsf{PFA}$, the class of Aronszajn lines and the class of countable linear orders enjoy similar nice properties when viewed under the embeddability relation; both are well-quasi-ordered and have a finite basis. We show that this analogy does not extend perfectly to the $\trianglelefteq$ relation; while it is known that the countable linear orders are still well-quasi-ordered under $\trianglelefteq$, we show that already in $\mathsf{ZFC}$ the class of Aronszajn lines has an infinite antichain, and under $\mathsf{MA}_{\aleph_{1}}$ an infinite decreasing chain as well. We show that some of the analogy survives by proving that under $\mathsf{PFA}$, for some carefully constructed Countryman line $C$, $C$ and $C^{\star}$ form a $\trianglelefteq$-basis for the class of Aronszajn lines. Finally we show that this does not extend to all uncountable linear orders by proving that there is never a finite $\trianglelefteq$-basis for the uncountable real orders.
We prove, assuming resolution of singularities in positive characteristic, an analogue of Siegel's theorem on sum of squares in positive characteristic. The method of proof combines techniques from central simple algebras with model theory and builds on work of Anscombe, Dittmann and Fehm. As an application, we show that, for each finite field $\mathbb{F}$ of odd characteristic and any positive integer $n$ coprime with the characteristic of $\mathbb{F}$, the first-order theory of the field given by the compositum of the fields generated by adjoining the $n$--th roots of all monic irreducible polynomials in $\mathbb{F}[t]$, of degree divisible by $n$ is undecidable in the language of rings with the variable $t$ as a constant.
Building on work of J. Robinson and A. Shlapentokh, we develop a general framework to obtain definability and decidability results of large classes of infinite algebraic extensions of $\mathbb{F}_p(t)$. As an application, we show that for every odd rational prime $p$ there exist infinitely many primes $r$ such that the fields $\mathbb{F}_{p^a}\left(t^{r^{-\infty}}\right)$ have undecidable first-order theory in the language of rings without parameters. Our method uses character theory to construct families of non-isotrivial elliptic curves whose Mordell-Weil group is finitely generated and of positive rank in $\mathbb{Z}_r$-towers.
Let $\mathbb{A}$ and $\mathbb{S}$ denote the double arrow of Alexandroff and the Sorgenfrey line, respectively. We show that any homeomorphism $h:^m\mathbb{A}\to^m\mathbb{A} $ is locally (outside of a nowhere dense set) a product of monotone embeddings $h_i:J_i\subseteq \mathbb{A}\to\mathbb{A} (i\in m)$ followed by a permutation of the coordinates. We also prove that the symmetric products $\mathcal{F}_m(\mathbb{A})$ are not homogeneous for any $m\geq 2$. This partially solves an open question of A. Arhangel'skiǐ. In contrast, we show that symmetric product $\mathcal{F}_2(\mathbb{S})$ is homogeneous.
We investigate the problem of deciding whether a system of linear equations, together with divisibility conditions on the variables, has a solution over holomorphy subrings of global fields. We obtain decidability results when we allow poles at a cofinite set of places, and undecidability results when at a finite set of places.
It is shown that the compositum $ \mathbb Q^{(2)}$ of all degree 2 extensions of $\mathbb Q$ has undecidable theory.