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Carlos Segovia

Publications and source records attributed to Carlos Segovia.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Topological perspectives on the vanishing of some Bogomolov multipliers

Since the 1980s, the Bogomolov multiplier of a finite group has been known to obstruct rationality in complex algebraic geometry, and more recently it is understood to be responsible for any torsion in the oriented and stable unitary 2-dimensional $G$-equivariant bordism groups $\Omega_2^{SO,G}$ and $\Omega_2^{U,G}$. In this note, as a small step toward building a bridge between these two far-flung roles, we discuss the vanishing of Bogomolov multipliers of two specific families of finite groups. First, we revisit Kunyavski\u{i}'s result that the Bogomolov multipliers of all finite simple groups vanish, taking inspiration from the low-dimensional topological interpretation of the Ore conjecture. Second, in lieu of arguments in complex birational geometry (such as the hard direction of the Chevalley-Shephard-Todd theorem), we combine cut-and-paste combinatorial-topological techniques with elementary calculations of Ihara-Yokonuma to show that all finite Coxeter groups have vanishing Bogomolov multiplier.

math.GR

The Riemann Hypothesis through the looking of partitions

An equivalence of the Riemann Hypothesis due to Espinosa reveals a direct bridge to the theory of integer partitions. Building on this formulation, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of a family of combinatorial sums \(A_r(n)\), called Espinosa's branches, expressed in terms of monomial symmetric polynomials. In this work, we propose that the Riemann Hypothesis splits into the successive realization of each Espinosa branch by a concrete subset of divisors. In this direction, we rigorously establish the first step: the branch $r=1$ is fully realized. For the higher branches, we define the asymptotic proportions $\rho_r=\lim_{n\to\infty} A_r(n)/(n\log\log n)$ and we compute exactly the contribution of the hook-shaped family of partitions $[r,1^l]$, denoted by $\tilde{\rho}_r$, which accounts for $91.85\%$ of the total classical constant $e^\gamma\approx 1.781072417990\ldots$ The remaining proportion, coming from all other partitions, satisfies $\lim_{r\to\infty} \rho_r/(\rho_r-\tilde{\rho}_r) = 1$. Assuming the Alaoglu-Erd\"os conjecture, we use the list of 10,000 existing colossally abundant numbers (OEIS A004490, A073751) to yield explicit cutoff divisors realizing the first seven Espinosa branches. We present computational evidence showing how these first realizations appear, supporting the proposed divisor-realization framework.

math.NT

Petri nets in epidemiology

This work provides a geometric version of the next-generation matrix method for obtaining the basic reproduction number of an epidemiological model. We exhibit a certain correspondence between any system of ODEs and Petri nets. We observe that any epidemiological model has the basic structures found in the SIR model of Kermack-McKendrick. This means that the basic reproduction number depends only on three substructures inside the Petri net, which are also given by three Petri nets inside, representing the susceptible population, the infection process, and the infected population. The five assumptions of the next-generation matrix method given by van den Driessche-Watmough can be described geometrically using Petri nets. Thus, the next-generation matrix results in a matrix of flows between the infection compartments with a dominant eigenvalue given by the basic reproduction number.

q-bio.PE

Thom's counterexamples for the Steenrod problem

The present paper deals with integral classes $ξ_p\in H_{2p+1}(L^{2p+1}\times L^{2p+1})$ which are counterexamples for the Steenrod realization problem, where $L^{2p+1}$ is the $(2p+1)$-dimensional lens space and $p\geq 3$ is a prime number. For $p=3$, this is Thom's famous counterexample. We give a geometric description of this class using the theory of stratifolds. As a consequence, we obtain a geometric interpretation of the obstruction to realizability in terms of the Atiyah--Hirzebruch spectral sequence.

math.AT

Oriented and unitary equivariant bordism of surfaces

Fix a finite group $G$. We study $Ω^{SO,G}_2$ and $Ω^{U,G}_2$, the unitary and oriented bordism groups of smooth $G$-equivariant compact surfaces, respectively, and we calculate them explicitly. Their ranks are determined by the possible representations around fixed points, while their torsion subgroups are isomorphic to the direct sum of the Bogomolov multipliers of the Weyl groups of representatives of conjugacy classes of all subgroups of $G$. We present an alternative proof of the fact that surfaces with free actions which induce non-trivial elements in the Bogomolov multiplier of the group cannot equivariantly bound. This result permits us to show that the 2-dimensional SK-groups (Schneiden und Kleben, or ``cut and paste") of the classifying spaces of a finite group can be understood in terms of the bordism group of free equivariant surfaces modulo the ones that bound arbitrary actions.

math.AT

Extending free actions of finite groups on unoriented surfaces

We present the unoriented versions of the Schur and Bogomolov multipliers associated with a finite group $G$. We show that the unoriented Schur multiplier is isomorphic to the second cohomology group $H^2(G;\ZZ_2)$. We define the unoriented Bogomolov multiplier as the quotient of the unoriented Schur multiplier by the subgroup generated by classes over the disjoint union of tori, Klein bottles, and projective spaces. We prove that the unoriented Bogomolov multiplier is trivial for abelian, dihedral, symmetric, and alternating groups. Since $H^2(G;\ZZ_2)$ is trivial for any group of odd order, there are numerous examples where the classical Bogomolov multiplier is nontrivial while its unoriented counterpart is trivial. Nevertheless, we exhibit a group of order $64$ for which the unoriented Bogomolov multiplier is nontrivial.

math.GT

$\mathbb{Z}_k$-stratifolds

Generalizing the ideas of $\mathbb{Z}_k$-manifolds from Sullivan and stratifolds from Kreck, we define $\mathbb{Z}_k$-stratifolds. We show that the bordism theory of $\mathbb{Z}_k$-stratifolds is sufficient to represent all homology classes of a $CW$-complex with coefficients in $\mathbb{Z}_k$. We present a geometric interpretation of the Bockstein long exact sequences and the Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence for $\mathbb{Z}_k$-bordism ($k$ an odd number). Finally, for $p$ an odd prime, we give geometric representatives of all classes in $H_*(B\mathbb{Z}_p;\mathbb{Z}_p)$ using $\mathbb{Z}_p$-stratifolds.

math.AT

The classifying space of the 1+1 dimensional $G$-cobordism category

For a finite group $G$, we define the $G$-cobordism category in dimension two. We show there is a one-to-one correspondence between the connected components of its classifying space and the abelianization of $G$. Also, we find an isomorphism of its fundamental group onto the direct sum $\mathbb{Z}\oplus Ω_2^{SO}(BG)$, where $Ω_2^{SO}(BG)$ is the free oriented $G$-bordism group in dimension two, and we study the classifying space of some important subcategories. We obtain the classifying space has the homotopy type of the product $G/[G,G]\times S^1\times X^G$, where $π_1(X^G)=Ω_2^{SO}(BG)$. Finally, we present some results about the classification of $G$-topological quantum field theories in dimension two.

math.AT

Extending free group action on surfaces

The present work introduces new perspectives in order to extend finite group actions from surfaces to 3-manifolds. We consider the Schur multiplier associated to a finite group $G$ in terms of principal $G$-bordisms in dimension two, called $G$-cobordisms. We are interested in the question of when a free action of a finite group on a closed oriented surface extends to a non-necessarily free action on a 3-manifold. We show the answer to this question is affirmative for abelian, dihedral, symmetric and alternating groups. As an application of our methods, we show that every non-necessarily free action of abelian groups (under certain conditions) and dihedral groups on a closed oriented surface extends to $3$-dimensional handlebody.

math.GT

Calculating the dimension of the universal embedding of the symplectic dual polar space using languages

The main result of this paper is the construction of a bijection of the set of words in so-called standard order of length $n$ formed by four different letters and the set $\mathbb{N}^n$ of all subspaces of a fixed $n$-dimensional maximal isotropic subspace of the $2n$-dimensional symplectic space $V$ over $\mathbb{F}_2$ which are not maximal in a certain sense. Since the number of different words in standard order is known, this gives an alternative proof for the formula of the dimension of the universal embedding of a symplectic dual polar space $\mathcal G_n$. Along the way, we give formulas for the number of all $n$- and $(n-1)$-dimensional totally isotropic subspaces of $V$.

math.CO

Nearly Frobenius Algebras

In this introductory paper we study nearly Frobenius algebras which are generalizations of the concept of a Frobenius algebra which appear naturally in topology: nearly Frobenius algebras have no traces (co-units). We survey the most basic foundational results and some of the applications they encounter in geometry, topology and representation theory.

math.RA

The connection between multiple prices of an Option at a given time with single prices defined at different times: The concept of weak-value in quantum finance

We introduce a new tool for predicting the evolution of an option for the cases where at some specific time, there is a high-degree of uncertainty for identifying its price. We work over the special case where we can predict the evolution of the system by joining a single price for the Option, defined at some specific time with a pair of prices defined at another instant. This is achieved by describing the evolution of the system through a financial Hamiltonian. The extension to the case of multiple prices at a given instant is straightforward. We also explain how to apply these results in real situations.

q-fin.PR

An approximation for the number of subgroups

Previously the second author has constructed by cobordism methods, an invariant associated to a finite group $G$. This invariant approximates the number of subgroups of a group, giving in some cases the number of abelian and cyclic subgroups. Here we explain the formulas used to obtain this invariant and we present values for some families of groups.

math.GT

The $q$-deformed Bogoliubov transformations

An approach for $q$-deformed Bogoliubov transformations is presented. Assuming a left-right module action together with an *-operation and deformed commutation relations, we construct a q-deformation of the nonlinear Bogoliubov transformation. Moreover we give a general result which can be applied in Quantum Field Theory. Finally, we introduce a Hopf structure when q is a root of unity.

hep-th

The Hawking radiation in massive gravity: Path integral and the Bogoliubov method

We prove the consistency of the different approaches for deriving the black-hole radiation for the spherically symmetric case inside the theory of Massive Gravity. By comparing the results obtained by using the Bogoliubov transformations with those obtained by using the Path-Integral formulation, we find that in both cases the presence of the extra-degrees of freedom create the effect of extra-particles creation due to the distorsions on the definitions of time defined by the different observers at large scales. This however does not mean extra-particle creation at the horizon level. Instead, the apparent additional particles perceived at large scales, emerge from the way distant observers define their time coordinate, which is distorted due to the existence of extra-degrees of freedom.

physics.gen-ph

On the density of certain languages with $p^2$ letters

The sequence $(x_n)_{n\in\mathbb N} = (2,5,15,51,187,\dots)$ given by the rule $x_n=(2^n+1)(2^{n-1}+1)/3$ appears in several seemingly unrelated areas of mathematics. For example, $x_n$ is the density of a language of words of length $n$ with four different letters. It is also the cardinality of the quotient of $(\mathbb Z_2\times \mathbb Z_2)^n$ under the left action of the special linear group $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb Z)$. In this paper we show how these two interpretations of $x_n$ are related to each other. More generally, for prime numbers $p$ we show a correspondence between a quotient of $(\mathbb Z_p\times\mathbb Z_p)^n$ and a language with $p^2$ letters and words of length $n$.

math.CO

Numerical computations in cobordism categories

The sequence 2,5,15,51,187,... with the form $(2^n+1)(2^{n-1}+1)/3$ has two interpretations in terms of the density of a language with four letters and the cardinality of the quotient of $\ZZ_2^n\times \ZZ_2^n$ under the action of the special linear group $\op{SL}(2,\ZZ)$. The last interpretation follows the rank of the fundamental group of the $\ZZ_2^n$-cobordism category in dimension 1+1. This article presents how to pass from one side to another between these two approaches.

math.AT

Equivariant Topological Quantum Field Theory in Dimension 2

For $G$ a finite group, we prove in dimension 2 that there is a monoidal equivalence between the category of $G$-equivariant topological quantum field theories and the category of $G$-Frobenius algebras, this was proved by G. Moore and G. Segal. This work consists to give, in more detail, a proof of this result.

math.AT