arXiv subjects

Chakresh Kumar Singh

Publications and source records attributed to Chakresh Kumar Singh.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

The Biosecurity Blind Spot: Systematic Dual-use Detection in Open Science Infrastructure

AI is transforming life sciences research at unprecedented speed, accelerating discovery across protein structure prediction, genome modeling, and drug development (Jumper et al., 2021; Mak et al., 2024). Yet this rapid advancement, coupled with the open science movement, introduces significant dual-use research concerns that have received limited empirical scrutiny. Here we present the first systematic analysis of dual-use research of concern (DURC) content on open preprint servers. We screened ~52,000 bioRxiv preprints (2024-2025) using a hybrid pipeline of lexical filtering and large language model (LLM) evaluation, scoring metadata across nine DURC, three PEPP, and five governance categories aligned with U.S. and Australia Group oversight frameworks. Our analysis reveals that dual-use-adjacent knowledge is routinely present in openly accessible titles and abstracts, often exceeding established risk thresholds even in studies with legitimate public health objectives. While this mapping captures surface-level information diffusion, it does not measure operational capability, downstream misuse potential, or the substantial technical and biosafety barriers that constrain harmful application. We argue that institutional review processes, funding requirements, and preprint platform policies must evolve to incorporate proactive, metadata-level monitoring without compromising scientific transparency. Ultimately, harmonizing controlled-access mechanisms for high-risk methodologies with open summaries of scientific contributions offers a pragmatic framework for governing AI-accelerated biology at scale.

cs.DL↗

arXiv2023

Charting mobility patterns in the scientific knowledge landscape

From small steps to great leaps, metaphors of spatial mobility abound to describe discovery processes. Here, we ground these ideas in formal terms by systematically studying scientific knowledge mobility patterns. We use low-dimensional embedding techniques to create a knowledge space made up of 1.5 million articles from the fields of physics, computer science, and mathematics. By analyzing the publication histories of individual researchers, we discover patterns of knowledge mobility that closely resemble physical mobility. In aggregate, the trajectories form mobility flows that can be described by a gravity model, with jumps more likely to occur in areas of high density and less likely to occur over longer distances. We identify two types of researchers from their individual mobility patterns: interdisciplinary explorers who pioneer new fields, and exploiters who are more likely to stay within their specific areas of expertise. Our results suggest that spatial mobility analysis is a valuable tool for understanding knowledge evolution.

physics.soc-ph↗

arXiv2018

Exploring the role and nature of interactions between Institutes in a Local Affiliation Network

In this work, we have studied the collaboration and citation network between Indian Institutes from publications in American Physical Society(APS) journals between 1970-2013. We investigate the role of geographic proximity on the network structure and find that it is the characteristics of the Institution, rather than the geographic distance, that plays a dominant role in collaboration networks. We find that Institutions with better federal funding dominate the network topology and play a crucial role in overall research output. We find that the citation flow across different categories of institutions is strongly linked to the collaborations between them. We have estimated the knowledge flow in and out of Institutions and identified the top knowledge source and sinks.

cs.DL↗

arXiv2018

Characterizing functional brain networks and emotional centers based on Rasa theory of Indian aesthetics

In Indian history of arts, Rasas are the aesthetics associated with any auditory, visual, literary or musical piece of art that evokes highly orchestrated emotional states. In this work, we study the functional response of the brain to movie clippings meant to evoke the Rasas through network analysis. We extract functional brain networks using coherence measures on EEG recordings of film clips from popular Indian Bollywood movies representing nine Rasas in the Indian Natyasastra. Structural and functional network measures were computed for these brain networks, averaging over a range of significant edge weights, in different brainwave frequency bands. We identify segregation of neuronal wiring in the brain into modules using a community detection algorithm. Further, using mutual information measure, we compare and contrast the modular organizations of brain network corresponding to different Rasas. Hubs identified using centrality measure reveal the network nodes that are central to information propagation across all Rasas. We also observe that the functional connectivity is suppressed when high-frequency waves such as beta and gamma are dominant in the brain. The significant links causing differences between the Rasa pairs are extracted statistically.

q-bio.NC↗

arXiv2018

Structure and Evolution of Indian Physics Co-authorship Networks

We trace the evolution of Indian physics community from 1919 to 2013 by analysing the coauthorship network constructed from papers published by authors in India in American Physical Society journals. We make inferences on Indias contribution to different branches of Physics and identify the most influential Indian physicists at different time periods. The relative contribution of India to global physics publication(research) and its variation across subfields of Physics is assessed. We extract the changing collaboration pattern of authors between Indian physicists through various network measures. We study the evolution of Indian physics communities and trace the mean life and stationarity of communities by size in different APS journals. We map the transition of authors between communities of different sizes from 1970 to 2013, capturing their birth, growth, merger and collapse. We find that Indian-Foreign collaborations are increasing at a faster pace compared to the Indian-Indian. We observe that the degree distribution of Indian collaboration networks follows the power law, with distinct patterns between Physical Review A, B and E, and high energy physics journals Physical Review C and D, and Physical Review Letters. In almost every measure, we observe strong structural differences between low-energy and high-energy physics journals.

physics.soc-ph↗