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Chandrashekhar Khare

Publications and source records attributed to Chandrashekhar Khare.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2023

Cyclic base change of cuspidal automorphic representations over function fields

Let $G$ be a split semi-simple group over a global function field $K$. Given a cuspidal automorphic representation $Π$ of $G$ satisfying a technical hypothesis, we prove that for almost all primes $\ell$, there is a cyclic base change lifting of $Π$ along any $\mathbb{Z}/\ell\mathbb{Z}$-extension of $K$. Our proof does not rely on any trace formulas; instead it is based on modularity lifting theorems, together with a Smith theory argument to obtain base change for residual representations. As an application, we also prove that for any split semisimple group $G$ over a local function field $F$, and almost all primes $\ell$, any irreducible admissible representation of $G(F)$ admits a base change along any $\mathbb{Z}/\ell\mathbb{Z}$-extension of $F$. Finally, we characterize local base change more explicitly for a class of representations called toral supercuspidal representations.

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arXiv2022

Modularity of $\operatorname{GL}_2(\mathbb{F}_p)$-representations over CM fields

We prove that many representations $\overlineρ : \operatorname{Gal}(\overline{K} / K) \to \operatorname{GL}_2(\mathbb{F}_3)$, where $K$ is a CM field, arise from modular elliptic curves. We prove similar results when the prime $p = 3$ is replaced by $p = 2$ or $p = 5$. As a consequence, we prove that a positive proportion of elliptic curves over any CM field not containing a 5th root of unity are modular.

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arXiv2022

Trianguline lifts of global mod $p$ Galois representations

We show that under a suitable oddness condition, irreducible mod $p$ representations of the absolute Galois group of an arbitrary number field have characteristic zero lifts which are unramified outside a finite set of primes and trianguline at all primes of $F$ dividing $p$. We also prove variants of this result for representations valued in connected reductive groups.

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arXiv2021

A freeness criterion without patching for modules over local rings

It is proved that if $φ\colon A\to B$ is a local homomorphism of commutative noetherian local rings, a nonzero finitely generated $B$-module $N$ whose flat dimension over $A$ is at most $\mathrm{edim}\, A - \mathrm{edim}\, B$, is free over $B$, and $φ$ is a special type of complete intersection. This result is motivated by a "patching method" developed by Taylor and Wiles, and a conjecture of de Smit, proved by the first author, dealing with the special case when $N$ is flat over $A$.

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arXiv2021

Relative deformation theory, relative Selmer groups, and lifting irreducible Galois representations

We study irreducible odd mod $p$ Galois representations $\barρ \colon \mathrm{Gal}(\overline{F}/F) \to G(\overline{\mathbb{F}}_p)$, for $F$ a totally real number field and $G$ a general reductive group. For $p \gg_{G, F} 0$, we show that any $\barρ$ that lifts locally, and at places above $p$ to de Rham and Hodge-Tate regular representations, has a geometric $p$-adic lift. We also prove non-geometric lifting results without any oddness assumption.

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arXiv2021

Lifting and automorphy of reducible mod p Galois representations over global fields

We extend the lifting methods of our previous paper to lift reducible odd representations $\barρ:\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{F}/F) \to G(k)$ of Galois groups of global fields $F$ valued in Chevalley groups $G(k)$. Lifting results, when combined with automorphy lifting results pioneered by Wiles in the number field case and the results on the global Langlands correspondence proved by Drinfeld and L. Lafforgue in the function field case, give the only known method to access modularity of mod $p$ Galois representations in both reducible and irreducible cases. In the reducible case this allows one to show that the actual representation, rather than just its semisimplification, arises from reduction of the geometric representation attached to a cuspidal automorphic representation on the dual group of $G$. As a particularly concrete application, we get a version of Serre's modularity conjecture for reducible, odd representations $\barρ: \mathrm{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q}) \to \mathrm{GL}_2(k)$. This extends earlier results of Hamblen and Ramakrishna in this classical case and proves modularity of infinitely many extensions of fixed characters that are not covered by loc. cit.

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arXiv2021

Wiles defect for Hecke algebras that are not complete intersections

In his work on modularity theorems, Wiles proved a numerical criterion for a map of rings $R\to T$ to be an isomorphism of complete intersections. He used this to show that certain deformation rings and Hecke algebras associated to a mod $p$ Galois representation at non-minimal level were isomorphic and complete intersections, provided the same was true at minimal level. In this paper we study Hecke algebras acting on cohomology of Shimura curves arising from maximal orders in indefinite quaternion algebras over the rationals localized at a semistable irreducible mod $p$ Galois representation $\overline ρ$. If $\overline ρ$ is scalar at some primes dividing the discriminant of the quaternion algebra, then Hecke algebra is still isomorphic to the deformation ring, but is not a complete intersection, or even Gorenstein, so the Wiles numerical criterion cannot apply. We consider a weight 2 newform $f$ which contributes to the cohomology of the Shimura curve and gives rise to an augmentation $λ_f$ of the Hecke algebra. We quantify the failure of the Wiles numerical criterion at $λ_f$ by computing the associated {\it Wiles defect} purely in terms of the local behavior at primes dividing the discriminant of the global Galois representation $ρ_f$ which $f$ gives rise to by the Eichler--Shimura construction. One of the main tools used in the proof is Taylor--Wiles--Kisin patching.

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arXiv2020

Lifting $G$-irreducible but $\mathrm{GL}_n$-reducible Galois representations

In recent work, the authors proved a general result on lifting $G$-irreducible odd Galois representations $\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{F}/F) \to G(\overline{\mathbb{F}}_{\ell})$, with $F$ a totally real number field and $G$ a reductive group, to geometric $\ell$-adic representations. In this note we take $G$ to be a classical group and construct many examples of $G$-irreducible representations to which these new lifting methods apply, but to which the lifting methods provided by potential automorphy theorems do not.

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arXiv2020

Quantitative level lowering for Galois representations

We use Galois cohomology methods to produce optimal mod $p^d$ level lowering congruences to a $p$-adic Galois representation that we construct as a well chosen lift of a given residual mod $p$ representation. Using our explicit Galois cohomology methods, we construct for a reductive group $G$ and a given residual representation $\barρ: Γ_F \to G(k)$, ramified at a finite set of primes $S$, in favorable conditions that we identify, a finite set of lifts $ρ$, $\{ρ^q\}$ of $\barρ$ to $G(W(k))$ with the following properties: $ρ: Γ_F \to G(W(k))$ is ramified precisely at $S \cup Q$, with $Q$ a finite set of primes disjoint from $S$. For $q \in Q$, $ρ^q:G_F \to G(W(k))$ is unramified outside $S \cup Q \backslash \{q\}$ and $ρ$ and $ρ^q$ are congruent mod $p^d$ if $ρ$ mod $p^d$ is unramified at $q$. Furthermore, the Galois representations $\{ρ^q\}$ are "independent".

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arXiv2020

Derived Hecke action at $p$ and the ordinary $p$-adic cohomology of arithmetic manifolds

We study the derived Hecke action at $p$ on the ordinary $p$-adic cohomology of arithmetic subgroups of semisimple groups $\mathrm G(\mathbb Q)$, i.e., we study the derived version of Hida's theory for ordinary Hecke algebras. This is the analog at $\ell=p$ of derived Hecke actions studied by Venkatesh in the tame case. We show that properties of the derived Hecke action at $p$ are related to deep conjectures in Galois cohomology which are higher analogs of the classical Leopoldt conjecture.

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arXiv2019

$\hat{G}$-local systems on smooth projective curves are potentially automorphic

Let $X$ be a smooth, projective, geometrically connected curve over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$, and let $G$ be a split semisimple algebraic group over $\mathbb{F}_q$. Its dual group $\hat{G}$ is a split reductive group over $\mathbb{Z}$. Conjecturally, any $l$-adic $\hat{G}$-local system on $X$ (equivalently, any conjugacy class of continuous homomorphisms $π_1(X) \to \hat{G}(\bar{\mathbb{Q}}_l)$) should be associated to an everywhere unramified automorphic representation of the group $G$. We show that for any homomorphism $π_1(X) \to \hat{G}(\bar{\mathbb{Q}}_l)$ of Zariski dense image, there exists a finite Galois cover $Y \to X$ over which the associated local system becomes automorphic.

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arXiv2018

Lifting irreducible Galois representations

We study irreducible mod p representations, valued in general reductive groups, of the Galois group of a number field. When the number field is totally real, we show that odd representations satisfying local ramification hypotheses and a certain multiplicity-free condition on the adjoint representation admit geometric lifts. For general number fields, we show without any oddness or multiplicity condition that the representation admits a p-adic lift if it does everywhere locally.

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arXiv2018

Wieferich Primes and a mod $p$ Leopoldt Conjecture

We consider questions in Galois cohomology which arise by considering mod $p$ Galois representations arising from automorphic forms. We consider a Galois cohomological analog for the standard heuristics about the distribution of Wieferich primes, i.e. prime $p$ such that $2^{p-1}$ is 1 mod $p^2$. Our analog relates to asking if in a compatible system of Galois representations, for almost all primes $p$, the residual mod $p$ representation arising from it has unobstructed deformation theory. This analog leads in particular to formulating a mod $p$ analog for almost all primes $p$ of the classical Leopoldt conjecture, which has been considered previously by G. Gras. Leopoldt conjectured that for a number field $F$, and a prime $p$, the $p$-adic regulator $R_{F,p}$ is non-zero. The mod $p$ analog is that for a fixed number field $F$, for almost all primes $p$, the $p$-adic regulator $R_{F,p}$ is a unit at $p$.

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arXiv2016

Potential automorphy and the Leopoldt conjecture

We study in this paper Hida's p-adic Hecke algebra for GL_n over a CM field F. Hida has made a conjecture about the dimension of these Hecke algebras, which he calls the non-abelian Leopoldt conjecture, and shown that his conjecture in the case of F being the rationals implies the classical Leopoldt conjecture for a number field K of degree n over the rationals, if one assumes further the existence of automorphic induction of characters for the extension K over the rationals. We study Hida's conjecture using the automorphy lifting techniques adapted to the GL_n setting by Calegari--Geraghty. We prove an automorphy lifting result in this setting, conditional on existence and local-global compatibility of Galois representations arising from torsion classes in the cohomology of the corresponding symmetric manifolds. Under the same conditions we show that one can deduce the classical (abelian) Leopoldt conjectures for a totally real number field K and a prime p using Hida's non-abelian Leopoldt conjecture for p-adic Hecke algebra for GL_n over CM fields without needing to assume automorphic induction of characters for the extension K over the rationals. For this methods of potential automorphy results are used.

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arXiv2016

Number of irreducible mod l rank 2 sheaves on curves over finite fields

Let X be a smooth projective curve of genus g over a finite field F_q of characteristic p. Consider primes l different from p. We formulate some questions related to a well known counting formula of Drinfeld. Drinfeld counts rank 2, irreducible l-adic sheaves on the base change X_n of X to F_{q^n} as n varies. We would like to count rank 2, irreducible mod l sheaves on X_n as n varies. Drinfeld's l-adic count gives an upper bound for the mod l count. We conjecture that Drinfeld's count is the correct asymptotic for the count of rank 2, irreducible mod l sheaves on X_n as n varies with (n,\ell)=1.

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arXiv2015

Functoriality and the Inverse Galois Problem

We prove that there are infinitely many finite simple groups of symplectic Lie type, of any specified characteristic and rank, which appear as Galois groups over the field of rational numbers. This generalizes a result of Wiese, which inspired this paper.

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arXiv2014

Lifting torsion Galois representations

Typos in the abstract have been corrected. Let $ρ_n$ be an ordinary weight two representation of absolute Galois group of the rationals to $GL_2(\mathcal O/π^n)$. Here $\mathcal O$ is a ramified DVR with uniformiser $π$. If $ρ_n$ satisfies mild hypotheses we lift it to a characteristic zero $\mathcal O$-valued geometric weight two representation. The earlier methods could handle only the unramified case. We show that the deformation ring of a residual representation arising from a newform can be arranged to be a prescribed DVR provided we choose a suitable auxiliary level. We extend earlier proofs of modularity of $p$-adic lifts of modular residual representations, via $p$-adic approximations, to cover cases when the lift is defined over ramified DVR's $\mathcal O$.

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