SearcharxivSearch

arXiv subjects

Changli Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Changli Liu.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

A Unifying Framework for Doubling Algorithms

The existing doubling algorithms have been proven efficient for several important nonlinear matrix equations arising from real-world engineering applications. In a nutshell, the algorithms iteratively compute a basis matrix, in one of the two particular forms, for the eigenspace of some matrix pencil associated with its eigenvalues in certain complex region such as the left-half plane or the open unit disk, and their success critically depends on that the interested eigenspace do have a basis matrix taking one of the two particular forms. However, that requirement in general cannot be guaranteed. In this paper, a new doubling algorithm, called the $Q$-doubling algorithm, is proposed. It includes the existing doubling algorithms as special cases and does not require that the basis matrix takes one of the particular forms. An application of the $Q$-doubling algorithm to solve eigenvalue problems is investigated with numerical experiments that demonstrate its superior robustness to the existing doubling algorithms.

math.NA

Are conservation laws independent of field equations?

The charge conservation law ($\partial_α J^α=0$) usually is considered as a corollary of Maxwell's equations and is not independent of Maxwell's field equations. A circular reasoning, however, is found in the derivation. A similar fallacy exists in the matter source's conservation law ($\nabla^μT_{μν}=0$) and Einstein's field equations. Therefore, the source's conservation laws are independent of Einstein's field equations.

physics.gen-ph

Kinematic Explanation of Massless Particles Only Having Two Helicity States

Why massless particles, for example photons, can only have two helicity one-particle states is the main subject of this work. As we know, the little group which describes massive particle one-particle states' transformations under the Lorentz transformation is SO(3), while the little group describing massless states is ISO(2). In this paper, a method which is different from Inonu-Wigner contraction is used to contract SO(3) group to ISO(2) group. We use this contraction method to prove that the particle can only have two helicity one-particle states from the perspective of kinematics, when the particle mass tends to zero. Our proof is different from the dynamic explanation in the existing theories.

physics.gen-ph