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Chaofeng Zhu

Publications and source records attributed to Chaofeng Zhu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2025

On the common index jump theorem and further developments

In [LZ02] published in Annals of Mathematics, Long and Zhu established originally the common index jump theorem (CIJT) for symplectic paths in 2002, which has played an important role in later studies on periodic solution orbits for Hamiltonian systems, Reeb flows, and geodesic problems. This (CIJT) was generalized to its enhanced version (ECIJT) by Duan, Long and Wang in [DLW16] in 2016. Started from [GG20] of 2020, and finally in [CGG24] of 2024, a similar index theorem was obtained, i.e., Theorem 3.3 of [CGG24], which was given the name "index recurrence theorem" there. In this short note, we give detailed proofs to show that the major assertions, i.e., the first 4 assertions in the total of 5 assertions, in Theorem 3.3 of [CGG24] as well as all the assertions in [GG20] actually coincide completely with results in (ECIJT) of [DLW16].

math.SG↗
arXiv2025

A formula of local Maslov index and applications

In this paper, we explicitly express the local Maslov index by a Maslov index in finite dimensional case without symplectic reduction. Then we calculate the Maslov index for the path of pairs of Lagrangian subspaces in triangular form. In particular, we get the Maslov-type index of a given symplectic path in triangle form. As applications, we calculate the splitting numbers of the symplectic matrix in triangle form, dependence of iteration theory on triangular frames and mod 2 Maslov-type index for a real symplectic path. We study the continuity of families of bounded linear relations and families of bounded linear operators acting on closed linear subspaces as technique preparations.

math.FA↗
arXiv2024

Gaps and relative dimensions

In this paper, the notion of semi-compact perturbation of a closed linear subspace is introduced. Then for a of pair of closed linear subspace of a Banach space such that one is a semi-compact perturbation of the other, it is proved that the relative dimension between them is well-defined. If the perturbation is global, the relative dimension is stable, even the perturbed pair is a semi-compact perturbed one. After that, the notion of Fredholm tuple of closed linear subspaces in a Banach space is introduced. Then the stability of the Fredholm tuple is proved. Finally the perturbed augmented Morse index is studied.

math.FA↗
arXiv2024

Skew-adjoint linear relatioins between Banach spaces

In this paper, we prove the stability theorems for the isotropic perturbations of maximal isotropic subspaces in symplectic Banach spaces. Then we prove a stability theorem for the mod $2$ dimensions of kernel of skew-adjoint linear Fredholm relations between real Banach spaces with index $0$. Finally we gives the two path components of the set of skew-adjoint linear Fredholm relations between real Banach spaces with indices $0$.

math.FA↗
arXiv2020

Continuity of family of Calderón projections

We consider a continuous family of linear elliptic differential operators of arbitrary order over a smooth compact manifold with boundary. Assuming constant dimension of the spaces of inner solutions, we prove that the orthogonalized Calderón projections of the underlying family of elliptic operators form a continuous family of projections. Hence, its images (the Cauchy data spaces) form a continuous family of closed subspaces in the relevant Sobolev spaces. We use only elementary tools and classical results: basic manipulations of operator graphs and other closed subspaces in Banach spaces; elliptic regularity; Green's formula and trace theorems for Sobolev spaces; well-posed boundary conditions; duality of spaces and operators in Hilbert space; and the interpolation theorem for operators in Sobolev spaces. \keywords{Calder{ó}n projection\and Cauchy data spaces \and Elliptic differential operators \and Green's formula\and Interpolation theorem\and Manifolds with boundary\and Parameter dependence \and Trace theorem \and Variational properties

math.AP↗
arXiv2020

Fredholm Theory for Pseudoholomorphic Curves with Brake Symmetry

In this paper we study pseudoholomorphic curves with brake symmetry in symplectization of a closed contact manifold. We introduce the pseudoholomorphic curve with brake symmetry and the corresponding moduli space. Then we get the virtual dimension of the moduli space.

math.SG↗
arXiv2018

The Hörmander index in the finite-dimensional case

In this paper, we calculate Hörmander index in the finite-dimensional case. Then we use the result to give some iteration inequalities, and prove almost existence of mean indices for given complete autonomous Hamiltonian system on compact symplectic manifold with symplectic trivial tangent bundle and given autonomous Hamiltonian system on regular compact energy hypersurface of symplectic manifold with symplectic trivial tangent bundle.

math.SG↗
arXiv2018

The Maslov index in symplectic Banach spaces

We consider a curve of Fredholm pairs of Lagrangian subspaces in a fixed Banach space with continuously varying (weak) symplectic structures. Assuming vanishing index, we obtain intrinsically a continuously varying splitting of the total Banach space into pairs of symplectic subspaces. Using such decompositions we define the curve's Maslov index by symplectic reduction to the classical finite-dimensional case. We prove the transitivity of repeated symplectic reductions and obtain the invariance of the Maslov index under symplectic reduction, while recovering all the standard properties of the Maslov index. As an application, we consider curves of elliptic operators which have varying principal symbol, varying maximal domain and are not necessarily of Dirac type. For this class of operator curves, we derive a desuspension spectral flow formula for varying well-posed boundary conditions on manifolds with boundary and obtain the splitting of the spectral flow on partitioned manifolds.

math.SG↗
arXiv2013

The Maslov index in weak symplectic functional analysis

We recall the Chernoff-Marsden definition of weak symplectic structure and give a rigorous treatment of the functional analysis and geometry of weak symplectic Banach spaces. We define the Maslov index of a continuous path of Fredholm pairs of Lagrangian subspaces in continuously varying Banach spaces. We derive basic properties of this Maslov index and emphasize the new features appearing.

math.DG↗
arXiv2011

Perturbation of Sectorial Projections of Elliptic Pseudo-differential Operators

Over a closed manifold, we consider the sectorial projection of an elliptic pseudo-differential operator A of positive order with two rays of minimal growth. We show that it depends continuously on A when the space of pseudo-differential operators is equipped with a certain topology which we explicitly describe. Our main application deals with a continuous curve of arbitrary first order linear elliptic differential operators over a compact manifold with boundary. Under the additional assumption of the weak inner unique continuation property, we derive the continuity of a related curve of Calderon projections and hence of the Cauchy data spaces of the original operator curve. In the Appendix, we describe a topological obstruction against a verbatim use of R. Seeley's original argument for the complex powers, which was seemingly overlooked in previous studies of the sectorial projection.

math.SP↗
arXiv2009

The Calderon Projection: New Definition and Applications

We consider an arbitrary linear elliptic first--order differential operator A with smooth coefficients acting between sections of complex vector bundles E,F over a compact smooth manifold M with smooth boundary N. We describe the analytic and topological properties of A in a collar neighborhood U of N and analyze various ways of writing A|U in product form. We discuss the sectorial projections of the corresponding tangential operator, construct various invertible doubles of A by suitable local boundary conditions, obtain Poisson type operators with different mapping properties, and provide a canonical construction of the Calderon projection. We apply our construction to generalize the Cobordism Theorem and to determine sufficient conditions for continuous variation of the Calderon projection and of well--posed selfadjoint Fredholm extensions under continuous variation of the data.

math.DG↗
arXiv2005

General Spectral Flow Formula for Fixed Maximal Domain

We consider a continuous curve of linear elliptic formally self-adjoint differential operators of first order with smooth coefficients over a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary together with a continuous curve of global elliptic boundary value problems. We express the spectral flow of the resulting continuous family of (unbounded) self-adjoint Fredholm operators in terms of the Maslov index of two related curves of Lagrangian spaces. One curve is given by the varying domains, the other by the Cauchy data spaces. We provide rigorous definitions of the underlying concepts of spectral theory and symplectic analysis and give a full (and surprisingly short) proof of our General Spectral Flow Formula for the case of fixed maximal domain. As a side result, we establish local stability of weak inner unique continuation property (UCP) and explain its role for parameter dependent spectral theory.

math.DG↗
arXiv2005

A generalized Morse index theorem

In this paper, we prove a Morse index theorem for the index form of even order linear Hamiltonian systems on the closed interval with reasonable self-adjoint boundary conditions. The highest order term is assumed to be nondegenerate.

math.DG↗
arXiv2004

Weak Symplectic Functional Analysis and General Spectral Flow Formula

We consider a continuous curve of self-adjoint Fredholm extensions of a curve of closed symmetric operators with fixed minimal domain $D_m$ and fixed {\it intermediate} domain $D_W$. Our main example is a family of symmetric generalized operators of Dirac type on a compact manifold with boundary with varying well-posed boundary conditions. Here $D_W$ is the first Sobolev space and $D_m$ the subspace of sections with support in the interior. We express the spectral flow of the operator curve by the Maslov index of a corresponding curve of Fredholm pairs of Lagrangian subspaces of the quotient Hilbert space $D_W/D_m$ which is equipped with continuously varying {\it weak symplectic structures} induced by the Green form. In this paper, we specify the continuity conditions; define the Maslov index in weak symplectic analysis; discuss the required weak inner Unique Continuation Property; derive a General Spectral Flow Formula; and check that the assumptions are natural and all are satisfied in geometric and pseudo-differential context. Applications are given to $L^2$ spectral flow formulae; to the splitting of the spectral flow on partitioned manifolds; and to linear Hamiltonian systems.

math.DG↗
arXiv2004

Closed characteristics on compact convex hypersurfaces in $\R^{2n}$

For any given compact C^2 hypersurface Σin {\bf R}^{2n} bounding a strictly convex set with nonempty interior, in this paper an invariant \varrho_n(Σ) is defined and satisfies \varrho_n(Σ)\ge [n/2]+1, where [a] denotes the greatest integer which is not greater than a\in {\bf R}. The following results are proved in this paper. There always exist at least ρ_n(Σ) geometrically distinct closed characteristics on Σ. If all the geometrically distinct closed characteristics on Σare nondegenerate, then \varrho_n(Σ)\ge n. If the total number of geometrically distinct closed characteristics on Σis finite, there exists at least an elliptic one among them, and there exist at least \varrho_n(Σ)-1 of them possessing irrational mean indices. If this total number is at most 2\varrho_n(Σ) -2, there exist at least two elliptic ones among them.

math.DS↗