arXiv subjects

Chong Yang

Publications and source records attributed to Chong Yang.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Cross-Stage Attention Multi-Expert Network for Radiologist-Inspired Breast Ultrasound Diagnosis

Breast ultrasound imaging is an important noninvasive method for early breast cancer diagnosis, but automatic benign/malignant classification remains challenging due to tumor heterogeneity, blurred boundaries, and data imbalance. To improve feature representation and classification accuracy, this paper proposes the Cross-Stage Attention Mixture-of-Experts Network (CSA-MoE-Net). It adopts a Cross-Stage Attention-enhanced ResNet-18 as the backbone, in which the Cross-Stage Attention module adaptively recalibrates multi-level features, thereby enhancing key tumor features and suppressing redundancy. A three-branch Mixture of Experts (MoE) Block learns complementary features from the Whole Tumor Image, Tumor Core, and Boundary, and an Adaptive Gating Network fuses them to capture morphological, textural, and contextual information. The fused features are denoted as Fused Expert Feature (FEF) in the architecture. Experiments on a balanced dataset of 2,129 breast ultrasound images show that, averaged over 20 independent runs, the model achieves an accuracy of 96.33\%, precision of 94.09\%, recall of 98.53\%, F1-score of 96.25\%, and AUC of 99.50\%. Compared to the baseline ResNet-18, these metrics improve by 3.01, 0.70, 5.37, 2.98, and 5.42 percentage points, respectively. The proposed mechanism requires no invasive modification and can be seamlessly embedded into VGG-16, DenseNet-121, etc., yielding stable performance gains, thus providing reliable support for computer-aided diagnosis.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

Two birds with one stone: simultaneous realization of both Lunar Coordinate Time and lunar geoid time by a single orbital clock

Context. Among options for definition of the lunar reference time, the option taking Lunar Coordinate Time (O1) has its simplicity but cannot be realized by any clock without steering, while another option adopting the lunar geoid (selenoid) proper time (O2) has its convenience for users on the lunar surface but would bring a new scaling of spatial coordinates and mass parameter of the Moon. Aims. We propose a ''time aligned orbit'' that the readings of an ideal clock in this orbit could equal to the selenoid proper time in O2 and these readings could be converted to Lunar Coordinate Time in O1 by a known linear transformation. Methods. We show that there exist the time aligned orbit around the Moon with its semi-major axis of about 1.5 lunar radius slightly depending on its inclination. We conduct a set of numerical simulations to assess to what extent a clock on these orbits could realize O2 in a more realistic lunar environment. Results. We find that the proper time in our simulations would desynchronize from the selenoid proper time up to 190 ns after a year with a frequency offset of 6E-15, which is solely 3.75% of the frequency difference in O2 caused by the lunar surface topography. These numbers might be further reduced to 13 ns and 4E-16, if we could account for the deviation of the mean orbits in our simulations from the nominal ones. Conclusions. One might simultaneously realize O1 and O2 by deployment of a single clock in the time aligned orbit. This approach also has its scalability for other terrestrial planets beyond the Earth-Moon system.

astro-ph.IM↗

arXiv2025

Discovery of an X-ray bridge between the comma-shaped gas and the main cluster in MCXC J0157.4-0550

We report the discovery of a faint X-ray bridge connecting between the comma-shaped gas and the main cluster in MCXC J0157.4-0550, using {\it XMM-Newton} image. The filamentary structure is found in a model-independent manner in both topological features and Gaussian Gradient Magnitude filtering. The X-ray surface brightness profile perpendicular to the filament is detected at a $5.5\sigma$ level. Weak-lensing (WL) analysis using the Subaru/HSC-SSP Survey archive data strongly supports the two mass components. Given a prior from the stellar masses, we obtain $M_{200}^{\rm main}=2.68_{-0.92}^{+1.11}\times 10^{14}\,h_{70}^{-1}M_\odot$ and $M_{200}^{\rm sub}=0.46_{-0.22}^{+0.38}\times 10^{14}\,h_{70}^{-1}M_\odot$. The main axis of the projected halo distribution is more likely to align with the direction of the main cluster than to be oriented perpendicularly. Similar X-ray distributions have been identified in the literature on numerical simulations. The filamentary structure forms in the following manner: as the gas is stripped by ram pressure near the pericenter, it gets dragged by tidal rotation. Once free from this rotation, the gas moves inertially in a direction parallel to the tangential velocity at the pericenter. The comma-shaped gas, with tails pointing in the opposite direction to the main cluster, is also formed by the current tidal rotation as it moves away from the main cluster. This warrants us that, although it is sometimes thought based on the X-ray morphology alone that the tail is pointing in the opposite direction to the merger motion, this is not necessarily the case. The information of the X-ray filamentary remnant from the cluster merger, together with the 2D WL shear data, provides constraints on the merger parameters, indicating an infalling velocity of approximately $1000\, {\rm km\, s^{-1}}$ and an impact parameter of $0.9$ Mpc.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2024

Cause-Aware Empathetic Response Generation via Chain-of-Thought Fine-Tuning

Empathetic response generation endows agents with the capability to comprehend dialogue contexts and react to expressed emotions. Previous works predominantly focus on leveraging the speaker's emotional labels, but ignore the importance of emotion cause reasoning in empathetic response generation, which hinders the model's capacity for further affective understanding and cognitive inference. In this paper, we propose a cause-aware empathetic generation approach by integrating emotions and causes through a well-designed Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompt on Large Language Models (LLMs). Our approach can greatly promote LLMs' performance of empathy by instruction tuning and enhancing the role awareness of an empathetic listener in the prompt. Additionally, we propose to incorporate cause-oriented external knowledge from COMET into the prompt, which improves the diversity of generation and alleviates conflicts between internal and external knowledge at the same time. Experimental results on the benchmark dataset demonstrate that our approach on LLaMA-7b achieves state-of-the-art performance in both automatic and human evaluations.

cs.CL↗

arXiv2024

FinDABench: Benchmarking Financial Data Analysis Ability of Large Language Models

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a wide range of tasks. However, their proficiency and reliability in the specialized domain of financial data analysis, particularly focusing on data-driven thinking, remain uncertain. To bridge this gap, we introduce \texttt{FinDABench}, a comprehensive benchmark designed to evaluate the financial data analysis capabilities of LLMs within this context. \texttt{FinDABench} assesses LLMs across three dimensions: 1) \textbf{Foundational Ability}, evaluating the models' ability to perform financial numerical calculation and corporate sentiment risk assessment; 2) \textbf{Reasoning Ability}, determining the models' ability to quickly comprehend textual information and analyze abnormal financial reports; and 3) \textbf{Technical Skill}, examining the models' use of technical knowledge to address real-world data analysis challenges involving analysis generation and charts visualization from multiple perspectives. We will release \texttt{FinDABench}, and the evaluation scripts at \url{https://github.com/cubenlp/BIBench}. \texttt{FinDABench} aims to provide a measure for in-depth analysis of LLM abilities and foster the advancement of LLMs in the field of financial data analysis.

cs.CL↗

arXiv2023

Scaling relations of X-ray Luminous Clusters in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program Field

We present the XMM-Newton X-ray analysis of 19 X-ray luminous galaxy clusters of low-to-mid redshift ($< 0.4$) selected from the MCXC cluster catalogue in the Hyper Supri%survey as the first work in our series paper. We derive the hydrostatic equilibrium mass and study scaling relations using i) the whole sample, ii) only relaxed clusters and iii) only disturbed clusters. When considering the whole sample, the $Y_{\rm X}$-$M_{\rm tot}$ and $M_{\rm gas}$-$M_{\rm tot}$ relations agree with self-similarity. In terms of morphology, relaxed clusters show a flatter relation in $L_{\rm X,ce}$-$M_{\rm tot}$, $L_{\rm X,bol}$-$M_{\rm tot}$, $L_{\rm X,ce}$-$T$, $L_{\rm bol,ce}$-$T$, $M_{\rm gas}$-$M_{\rm tot}$ and $Y_{\rm X}$-$M_{\rm tot}$. The $L_{\rm bol,ce}$-$M_{\rm tot}$, $L_{\rm X,ce}$-$M_{\rm tot}$ $L_{\rm bol,ce}$-$T$ and $L_{\rm X,ce}$-$T$ relations show a slope $\sim$3$\sigma$ steeper. The residuals in the $M_{\rm gas}$-$M_{\rm tot}$ and $T$-$M_{\rm tot}$ relations and the intrinsic covariance between $M_{\rm gas}$ and $T$ show hints of positive correlation, casting doubt on whether the $Y_{\rm X}$ parameter is a truly low scatter mass proxy. The $M_{\rm gas}$-$M_{\rm tot}$ and $T$-$M_{\rm tot}$ plots color-coded with the offset of the $L_{\rm X,ce}$-$M_{\rm tot}$ relation show these two relations to be brightness dependent but not the $L_{\rm X,ce}$-$T$ relation, suggesting relations involving $M_{\rm tot}$ are biased due to sample selection based on luminosity. Following the work which studied an optical sample and combining our result with literature studies, we find the $M_{\rm tot}$ derived not using mass proxies deviate from $L_{\rm X}$ $\propto$ $M_{\rm gas}^{2}M_{\rm tot}^{-1}$ and $M_{\rm tot}$ based on hydrostatic equilibrium are more massive than what is expected by their relation using caustic masses. This indicates mass bias plays an important role in scaling relations.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2021

S+PAGE: A Speaker and Position-Aware Graph Neural Network Model for Emotion Recognition in Conversation

Emotion recognition in conversation (ERC) has attracted much attention in recent years for its necessity in widespread applications. Existing ERC methods mostly model the self and inter-speaker context separately, posing a major issue for lacking enough interaction between them. In this paper, we propose a novel Speaker and Position-Aware Graph neural network model for ERC (S+PAGE), which contains three stages to combine the benefits of both Transformer and relational graph convolution network (R-GCN) for better contextual modeling. Firstly, a two-stream conversational Transformer is presented to extract the coarse self and inter-speaker contextual features for each utterance. Then, a speaker and position-aware conversation graph is constructed, and we propose an enhanced R-GCN model, called PAG, to refine the coarse features guided by a relative positional encoding. Finally, both of the features from the former two stages are input into a conditional random field layer to model the emotion transfer.

cs.CL↗

arXiv2019

Active gas features in three HSC-SSP CAMIRA clusters revealed by high angular resolution analysis of MUSTANG-2 SZE and XXL X-ray observations

We present results from simultaneous modeling of high angular resolution GBT/MUSTANG-2 90 GHz Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) measurements and XMM-XXL X-ray images of three rich galaxy clusters selected from the HSC-SSP Survey. The combination of high angular resolution SZE and X-ray imaging enables a spatially resolved multi-component analysis, which is crucial to understand complex distributions of cluster gas properties. The targeted clusters have similar optical richnesses and redshifts, but exhibit different dynamical states in their member galaxy distributions: a single-peaked cluster, a double-peaked cluster, and a cluster belonging to a supercluster. A large-scale residual pattern in both regular Compton-parameter $y$ and X-ray surface brightness distributions is found in the single-peaked cluster, indicating a sloshing mode. The double-peaked cluster shows an X-ray remnant cool core between two SZE peaks associated with galaxy concentrations. The temperatures of the two peaks reach $\sim20-30$ keV in contrast to the cool core component of $\sim2$ keV, indicating a violent merger. The main SZE signal for the supercluster is elongated along a direction perpendicular to the major axis of the X-ray core, suggesting a minor merger before core passage. The $S_X$ and $y$ distributions are thus perturbed at some level, regardless of the optical properties. We find that the integrated Compton $y$ parameter and the temperature for the major merger are boosted from those expected by the weak-lensing mass and those for the other two clusters show no significant deviations, which is consistent with predictions of numerical simulations.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2019

Plate-like precipitate effects on plasticity of Al-Cu micro-pillar: {100}-interfacial slip

In this paper, we study the effects of $\theta ^\prime$-Al$_2$Cu plate-like precipitates on the plasticity of Al-Cu micro-pillars, with a sample size allowing the precipitates to cross the entire micro-pillar. {100}-slip traces are identified for the first time in Al and Al alloys at room temperature. We investigate the underlying mechanisms of this unusual {100}-slip, and show that it operates along the coherent $\theta ^\prime$-Al$_2$Cu precipitate/$\alpha$-Al matrix interface. A combination of molecular dynamics simulations and stress analysis indicates that screw dislocations can cross-slip from the {111} plane onto the {100} $\theta ^\prime$-Al$_2$Cu/$\alpha$-Al interface, then move on it through a kink-pair mechanism, providing a reasonable explanation to the observed {100}-slips. The roles of the $\theta ^\prime$-Al$_2$Cu/$\alpha$-Al matrix interface on the properties of interfacial dislocations are studied within the Peierls-Nabarro framework, showing that the interface can stabilize the {100} screw dislocations from the spreading of the core, and increases the Peierls stress. These results improve our understanding of the mechanical behavior of Al-Cu micro-pillars at room temperature, and imply an enhanced role of interfacial slip in Al-Cu based alloys at elevated temperature in consideration of the underlying kink-pair mechanism.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2019

Plate-like precipitate effects on plasticity of Al-Cu alloys at micrometer to submicrometer scales

The continuous miniaturization of modern electromechanical systems calls for a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties of metallic materials specific to micrometer and sub-micrometer scales. At these scales, the nature of dislocation-mediated plasticity changes radically: sub-micrometer metallic samples exhibit high yield strengths, however accompanied by detrimental intermittent strain fluctuations compromising forming processes and endangering structural stability. In this paper, we studied the effects of plate-like $\theta^\prime$-Al$_2$Cu precipitates on the strength, plastic fluctuations and deformation mechanisms of Al-Cu alloys from micro-pillar compression testing. The plate-like precipitates have diameters commensurate with the external size of the Al-Cu micro-pillars. Our results show that these plate-like precipitates can strengthen the materials and suppress plastic fluctuations efficiently at large sample sizes ($\geq 3 \mu m$). However, the breakdown of the mean-field pinning landscape at smaller scales weakens its taming effect on intermittency. Over an intermediate range of sample sizes allowing the precipitates to cross the entire pillar, an enhanced apparent strain hardening and a sharp decrease of jerkiness are observed, in association with the presence of {100}-slip traces along the coherent $\theta^\prime$-Al$_2$Cu precipitate/$\alpha$-Al matrix interface and precipitate shearing. These complex effects of plate-like precipitates on plasticity are analyzed, experimentally and theoretically, in view of the interferences between external and internal sizes, and the related modifications of the underlying plastic mechanisms.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗