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Christophe Craeye

Publications and source records attributed to Christophe Craeye.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
arXiv2014

An integral-equation method using interstitial currents devoted to the analysis of multilayered periodic structures with complex inclusions

An efficient surface integral equation-based method is proposed for the analysis of electromagnetic scattering from multilayered media containing complex periodic inclusions. The proposed method defines equivalent currents at the interfaces between layers in order to eliminate the need to compute the layered medium Green's function. Hence, the background medium in a given layer can be treated as a homogeneous unbounded medium for which the computation of the Green's function for an infinite doubly periodic array is sufficient. The resulting method-of-moments interaction matrix has a block tridiagonal structure, which leads to computational complexity proportional to the number of layers for both matrix filling and solution. When all layers are identical, the filling time essentially reduces to that of a single layer, and the interaction matrix has a Toeplitz structure. Numerical results are provided for the reflectivity of multilayered periodic arrays of spherical silver core-silica shell nanoparticles, excited by a plane wave at optical frequencies. Comparisons with results obtained with an FDTD-based commercial software validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2014

Statistics of the MLE and Approximate Upper and Lower Bounds - Part 1: Application to TOA Estimation

In nonlinear deterministic parameter estimation, the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) is unable to attain the Cramer-Rao lower bound at low and medium signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) due the threshold and ambiguity phenomena. In order to evaluate the achieved mean-squared-error (MSE) at those SNR levels, we propose new MSE approximations (MSEA) and an approximate upper bound by using the method of interval estimation (MIE). The mean and the distribution of the MLE are approximated as well. The MIE consists in splitting the a priori domain of the unknown parameter into intervals and computing the statistics of the estimator in each interval. Also, we derive an approximate lower bound (ALB) based on the Taylor series expansion of noise and an ALB family by employing the binary detection principle. The accurateness of the proposed MSEAs and the tightness of the derived approximate bounds are validated by considering the example of time-of-arrival estimation.

stat.AP↗
arXiv2014

Contour-FFT based Spectral Domain MBF Analysis of Large Printed Antenna Arrays

A fast spectral-domain method is proposed to evaluate the reaction terms between the Macro Basis Functions in regular and non-regular arrays made of identical printed antennas. The presented technique first exploits the filtering capabilities of the Macro Basis Functions in the spectral domain. The method is then strongly accelerated with the help of a newly formulated Fast Fourier Transform-based technique, which is applicable to a contour integration in the complex plane. We name the method as Contour-FFT or C-FFT. Besides an effective homogeneous medium term treated with multipoles, a computational complexity of order N log_2 N is achieved for the the tabulation of substrate-related reaction terms for any possible relative positions. The complexity of the proposed method is independent from the complexity of the elements. Numerical results obtained with the proposed method are compared with those from a pre-validated reference solution based on the traditional Macro Basis Functions technique; an excellent agreement is observed.

math.NA↗
arXiv2014

Characteristic Functions Describing the Power Absorption Response of Periodic Structures to Partially Coherent Fields

Many new types of sensing or imaging surfaces are based on periodic thin films. It is explained how the response of those surfaces to partially coherent fields can be fully characterized by a set of functions in the wavenumber spectrum domain. The theory is developed here for the case of 2D absorbers with TE illumination and arbitrary material properties in the plane of the problem, except for the resistivity which is assumed isotropic. Sum and difference coordinates in both spatial and spectral domains are conveniently used to represent the characteristic functions, which are specialized here to the case of periodic structures. Those functions can be either computed or obtained experimentally. Simulations rely on solvers based on periodic-boundary conditions, while experiments correspond to Energy Absorption Interferometry (EAI), already described in the literature. We derive rules for the convergence of the representation versus the number of characteristic functions used, as well as for the sampling to be considered in EAI experiments. Numerical examples are given for the case of absorbing strips printed on a semi-infinite substrate.

physics.optics↗
arXiv2012

Comment on 'Encoding many channels on the same frequency through radio vorticity: first experimental test'

We show that the public experiment held in Venice by F. Tamburini et al and reported in (2012 New J. Phys. 14 033001) can be regarded as a particular implementation of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communications, hence bringing no advantages with respect to known techniques. Moreover, we explain that the use of a 'vortex' mode (orbital angular momentum OAM l = 1) at one of the transmit antennas is not necessary to encode different channels since only different patterns -or similarly different pointing angles- of the transmit antennas are required. Finally, we identify why this MIMO transmission allowed decoding of two signals despite being line-of-sight. This is due to the large separation between the receiving antennas, which places the transmit antennas in the near-field Fresnel region of the receiving 'array'. This strongly limits the application of this technique in practice, since, for a fixed separation between receiving antennas, the detectable signal power from any additional vortex mode decays at least as 1/r^4.

physics.optics↗