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Chung-Hsien Chou

Publications and source records attributed to Chung-Hsien Chou.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Iterative Erasure Count Is Not an Affine-Invariant Concept Dimension

How many directions does a neural representation use to encode a concept? A common answer repeatedly erases probe directions and reports the stopping count or cumulative removed rank. We show that both quantities can change under an information-preserving invertible reparameterization, so neither is intrinsically a concept dimension. We distinguish model-defined population quantities (generating dimension, sufficient linear dimension, and minimum guarding rank) from procedure-defined quantities such as stopping count and cumulative edit rank. In a population Gaussian construction, an invertible shear preserves the prediction problem and all three quantities, yet changes the cumulative Euclidean erasure count from one to two. The separation holds for Moore--Penrose ordinary least squares and every finite nonnegative ridge weight. For a two-output full-QR procedure matching our motivating video analysis, cumulative edit rank similarly changes from two to the ambient dimension four. Conversely, the complete cumulative metric-QR trajectory is affine-equivariant when its positive-definite metric, probe, regularizer, and tie-breaking are transported consistently; exact covariance is one corollary, not a canonical semantic metric. In a known-rank finite-sample Adam/QR calibration, identity mixing stops after one accepted update in all 20 large-sample runs, whereas each tested shear $a\in\{.5,.75,1,1.25,2\}$ accepts at least two updates in all 20 runs. Controlled reparameterizations of frozen V-JEPA2 features preserve rank-zero predictions yet alter later Euclidean trajectories under practical optimization. These visual contact experiments are stress tests, not estimates of contact dimension. Iterative erasure therefore returns a procedure-relative estimand jointly determined by representation geometry and the full measurement procedure, not a semantic dimension by itself.

stat.ML

Entanglement Dynamics of Detectors in an Einstein Cylinder

We investigate how nontrivial topology affects the entanglement dynamics between a detector and a quantum field and between two detectors mediated by a quantum field. Nontrivial topology refers to both that of the base space and that of the bundle. Using a derivative-coupling Unruh-DeWitt-like detector model interacting with a quantum scalar field in an Einstein cylinder S1 (space) x R1 (time), we see the beating behaviors in the dynamics of the detector-field entanglement and the detector-detector entanglement, which distinguish from the results in the non-compact (1+1) dimensional Minkowski space. The beat patterns of entanglement dynamics in a normal and a twisted field with the same parameter values are different because of the difference in the spectrum of the field modes. In terms of the kinetic momentum of the detectors, we find that the contribution by the zero mode in a normal field to entanglement dynamics has no qualitative difference from those by the nonzero modes.

gr-qc

Decoherence Patterns of Topological Qubits from Majorana Modes

We investigate the decoherence patterns of topological qubits in contact with the environment by a novel way of deriving the open system dynamics other than the Feynman-Vernon. Each topological qubit is made of two Majorana modes of a 1D Kitaev's chain. These two Majorana modes interact with the environment in an incoherent way which yields peculiar decoherence patterns of the topological qubit. More specifically, we consider the open system dynamics of the topological qubits which are weakly coupled to the fermionic/bosonic Ohmic-like environments. We find atypical patterns of quantum decoherence. In contrast to the cases of non-topological qubits for which they always decohere completely in all Ohmic-like environments, the topological qubits decohere completely in the Ohmic and sub-Ohmic environments but not in the super-Ohmic ones. Moreover, we find that the fermion parities of the topological qubits though cannot prevent the qubit states from decoherence in the sub-Ohmic environments, can prevent from thermalization turning into Gibbs state. We also study the cases in which each Majorana mode can couple to different Ohmic-like environments and the time dependence of concurrence for two topological qubits.

cond-mat.str-el

Surface plasmons in a metal nanowire coupled to colloidal quantum dots: Scattering properties and quantum entanglement

We investigate coherent single surface-plasmon transport in a metal nanowire strongly coupled to two colloidal quantum dots. Analytical expressions are obtained for the transmission and reflection coefficients by solving the corresponding eigenvalue equation. Remote entanglement of the wave functions of the two quantum dots can be created if the inter-dot distance is equal to a multiple half-wavelength of the surface plasmon. Furthermore, by applying classical laser pulses to the quantum dots, the entangled states can be stored in metastable states which are decoupled from the surface plasmons.

quant-ph

Quantum teleportation between moving detectors in a quantum field

We consider the quantum teleportation of continuous variables modeled by Unruh-DeWitt detectors coupled to a common quantum field initially in the Minkowski vacuum. An unknown coherent state of an Unruh-DeWitt detector is teleported from one inertial agent (Alice) to an almost uniformly accelerated agent (Rob, for relativistic motion), using a detector pair initially entangled and shared by these two agents. The averaged physical fidelity of quantum teleportation, which is independent of the observer's frame, always drops below the best fidelity value from classical teleportation before the detector pair becomes disentangled with the measure of entanglement evaluated around the future lightcone of the joint measurement event by Alice. The distortion of the quantum state of the entangled detector pair from the initial state can suppress the fidelity significantly even when the detectors are still strongly entangled around the lightcone. We point out that the dynamics of entanglement of the detector pair observed in Minkowski frame or in quasi-Rindler frame are not directly related to the physical fidelity of quantum teleportation in our setup. These results are useful as a guide to making judicious choices of states and parameter ranges and estimation of the efficiency of quantum teleportation in relativistic quantum systems under environmental influences.

gr-qc

Quantum entanglement and entropy in particle creation

We investigate the basic theoretical issues in the quantum entanglement of particle pairs created from the vacuum in a time-dependent background field or spacetime. Similar to entropy generation from these processes which depends on the choice of physical variables and how certain information is coarse-grained, entanglement dynamics hinges on the choice of measurable quantities and how the two parties are selected as well as the background dynamics of the field or spacetime. We discuss the conditions of separability of quantum states in particle creation processes and point out the differences in how the von Neumann entropy is used as a measure of entropy generation versus for entanglement dynamics. We show by an explicit construction that adoption of a different set of physical variables yields a different entanglement entropy. As an application of these theoretical considerations we show how the particle number and the quantum phase enter the entanglement dynamics in cosmological particle production.

gr-qc

Neutrino masses, muon g-2, dark matter, lithium problem, and leptogenesis at TeV-scale

Observational evidences of nonzero neutrino masses and the existence of dark matter request physics beyond standard model. A model with extra scalars and leptonic vector-like fermions is introduced. By imposing a Z_2 symmetry, the neutrino masses as well as anomalous muon magnetic moment can be generated via one-loop effects at TeV-scale. An effort of explaining dark matter, Lithium problem, and leptogenesis is presented. This scenario can be tested at LHC and/or future experiments.

hep-ph

Disentanglement of two harmonic oscillators in relativistic motion

We study the dynamics of quantum entanglement between two Unruh-DeWitt detectors, one stationary (Alice), and another uniformly accelerating (Rob), with no direct interaction but coupled to a common quantum field in (3+1)D Minkowski space. We find that for all cases studied the initial entanglement between the detectors disappears in a finite time ("sudden death"). After the moment of total disentanglement the correlations between the two detectors remain nonzero until late times. The relation between the disentanglement time and Rob's proper acceleration is observer dependent. The larger the acceleration is, the longer the disentanglement time in Alice's coordinate, but the shorter in Rob's coordinate.

gr-qc

Exact Master Equation and Quantum Decoherence of Two Coupled Harmonic Oscillators in a General Environment

In this paper we derive an exact master equation for two coupled quantum harmonic oscillators interacting via bilinear coupling with a common environment at arbitrary temperature made up of many harmonic oscillators with a general spectral density function. We first show a simple derivation based on the observation that the two-harmonic oscillator model can be effectively mapped into that of a single harmonic oscillator in a general environment plus a free harmonic oscillator. Since the exact one harmonic oscillator master equation is available [Hu, Paz and Zhang, Phys. Rev. D \textbf{45}, 2843 (1992)], the exact master equation with all its coefficients for this two harmonic oscillator model can be easily deduced from the known results of the single harmonic oscillator case. In the second part we give an influence functional treatment of this model and provide explicit expressions for the evolutionary operator of the reduced density matrix which are useful for the study of decoherence and disentanglement issues. We show three applications of this master equation: on the decoherence and disentanglement of two harmonic oscillators due to their interaction with a common environment under Markovian approximation, and a derivation of the uncertainty principle at finite temperature for a composite object, modeled by two interacting harmonic oscillators. The exact master equation for two, and its generalization to $N$, harmonic oscillators interacting with a general environment are expected to be useful for the analysis of quantum coherence, entanglement, fluctuations and dissipation of mesoscopic objects towards the construction of a theoretical framework for macroscopic quantum phenomena.

quant-ph

Black holes and Rindler superspace: classical singularity and quantum unitarity

Canonical quantization of spherically symmetric initial data which is appropriate to classical interior black hole solutions in four dimensions is carried out and solved exactly without gauge fixing the remaining kinematic Gauss Law constraint. The resultant mini-superspace manifold and arena for quantum geometrodynamics is two-dimensional, of signature (+, -), non-singular, and can in fact be identified precisely with the first Rindler wedge. The associated Wheeler-DeWitt equation with evolution in intrinsic superspace time can be formulated as a free massive Klein-Gordon equation; and the Hamilton-Jacobi semiclassical limit of plane wave solutions can be matched precisely to the interiors of Schwarzschild black holes. Furthermore, classical black hole horizons and singularities correspond to the boundaries of the Rindler wedge. Exact wavefunctions of the first-order-in-superspace intrinsic time Dirac equation are also considered. Precise correspondence between Schwarzschild black holes and free particle mechanics in superspace is noted. Another intriguing observation is that, despite the presence of classical horizons and singularities, hermiticity of the Dirac hamiltonian operator for the mini-superspace, and thus unitarity of the quantum theory, is equivalent to an appropriate boundary condition which must be satisfied by the quantum states. This boundary condition holds for quite generic quantum wavepackets of energy eigenstates, but fails for the usual Rindler fermion modes which are precisely eigenstates with zero uncertainty in energy.

gr-qc

Quantum Brownian Motion of a Macroscopic Object in a General Environment

For the purpose of understanding the quantum behavior such as quantum decoherence, fluctuations, dissipation, entanglement and teleportation of a mesoscopic or macroscopic object interacting with a general environment, we derive here a set of exact master equations for the reduced density matrix of $N$ interacting harmonic oscillators in a heat bath with arbitrary spectral density and temperature. Two classes of problems of interest to us which these equations can be usefully applied to are that of the quantum dynamics of nanoelectromechanical oscillators and the entanglement evolution of multi-partite macroscopic states such as quantum superposition of mirrors in a high Q cavity. To address a key conceptual issue for macroscopic quantum phenomena we examine the conditions for an assumption often implicitly made in these studies to be valid, namely, that the quantum behavior of a macroscopic object in an environment can be accurately represented by only treating the dynamics of its center-of-mass variable. We also mention how these results can be used to calculate the uncertainty principle governing a macroscopic object at finite temperature.

quant-ph

Effective gauge group of pure loop quantum gravity is SO(3): New estimate of the Immirzi parameter

We argue that the effective gauge group for {\it pure} four-dimensional loop quantum gravity(LQG) is SO(3) (or $SO(3,C)$) instead of SU(2) (or $SL(2,C)$). As a result, links with half-integer spins in spin network states are not realized for {\it pure} LQG, implying a modification of the spectra of area and volume operators. Our observations imply a new value of $γ\approx 0.170$ for the Immirzi parameter which is obtained from matching the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy to the number of states from LQG calculations. Moreover, even if the dominant contribution to the entropy is not assumed to come from configurations with the minimum spins, the results of both pure LQG and the supersymmetric extension of LQG can be made compatible when only integer spins are realized for the former, while the latter also contains half-integer spins, together with an Immirzi parameter for the supersymmetric case which is twice the value of the SO(3) theory. We also verify that the $-{1/2}$ coefficient of logarithmic correction to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula is robust, independent of whether only integer, or also half-integer spins, are realized.

gr-qc

Origin of the Immirzi Parameter

Using quadratic spinor techniques we demonstrate that the Immirzi parameter can be expressed as ratio between scalar and pseudo-scalar contributions in the theory and can be interpreted as a measure of how Einstein gravity differs from a generally constructed covariant theory for gravity. This interpretation is independent of how gravity is quantized. One of the important advantage of deriving the Immirzi parameter using the quadratic spinor techniques is to allow the introduction of renormalization scale associated with the Immirzi parameter through the expectation value of the spinor field upon quantization.

gr-qc

A model of CP Violation from Extra Dimension

We construct a realistic model of CP violation in which CP is broken in the process of dimensional reduction and orbifold compactification from a five dimensional theories with $SU(3)\times SU(3) \times SU(3)$ gauge symmetry. CP violation is a result of the Hosotani type gauge configuration in the higher dimension.

hep-ph

Decaying Superheavy Dark Matter and Subgalactic Structure of the Universe

The collisionless cold dark matter (CCDM) model predicts overly dense cores in dark matter halos and overly abundant subhalos. We show that the idea that CDM are decaying superheavy particles which produce ultra-high energy cosmic rays with energies beyond the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff may simultaneously solve the problem of subgalactic structure formation in CCDM model. In particular, the Kuzmin-Rubakov's decaying superheavy CDM model may give an explanation to the smallness of the cosmological constant and a new thought to the CDM experimental search.

astro-ph

p-brane production in Fat brane or Universal extra dimension scenario

In models of large extra dimensions, the fundamental Planck scale can be as low as TeV. Thus, in hadronic collisions interesting objects like black holes, string balls, or $p$-branes can be produced. In scenarios of fat brane or universal extra dimensions, the SM particles are allowed to propagate in the extra spatial dimensions, which leads to the enhancement of production cross sections of black holes and $p$-branes. Especially, the ratio of $p$-brane cross section to the black hole cross section increases substantially, in comparison with the original confined scenario. The ratio can be as large as 105 (for the case $n=7,m=5=p=r=k$).

hep-ph

Λ_b \to ΛJ/ψdecay in perturbative QCD

We calculate the amplitudes involved in the heavy baryon nonleptonic decay $Λ_b \rar ΛJ/ψ$ using perturbative QCD factorization theorem, which are expressed as convolutions of hard $b$ quark decay amplitudes with the $Λ_b$ baryon, $Λ$ baryon and $J/ψ$ meson distribution amplitudes. It is found that nonfactorizable contributions dominate over factorizable ones. Because of soft cancellation in pairs of nonfactorizable diagrams, the $Λ_b \rar ΛJ/ψ$ decay is characterized by a large scale, such that perturbative QCD is applicable. Employing the distribution amplitudes determined in our previous works and from QCD sum rules, we derive the branching ratio $B(Λ_b \rar ΛJ/ψ)=(1.7 \sim 5.3)\times 10^{-4}$ in agreement with data. We predict an asymmetry parameter $α= -0.17 \sim -0.14$ associated with the anisotropic angular distribution of the $Λ$ baryons produced in polarized $Λ_b$ baryon decays.

hep-ph

Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment, Two-Higgs-Doublet Model, and Supersymmetry

The recent measurement on the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_μ$ shows a $2.6σ$ deviation from the standard model value. We show that it puts strong constraints on the parameter space of the two-higgs doublet model (2HDM) II. The dominant contribution of the Higgses comes at the two-loop level, and in order to explain the data it favors a pseudoscalar $A$ with a light mass range and a large $\tanβ$. At 95% C.L., upper limit for $m_{\scriptscriptstyle A}$ is $29 (55) (85)$ GeV for $\tanβ=30 (45) (60)$, and $\tan β$ is bounded below at 17. This is in sharp contrast to the conclusion one draws from considering one-loop Higgs contributions alone. Finally, we also discuss the role of the Higgs contributions in the minimal supersymmetric standard model.

hep-ph