arXiv subjects

Clarissa Buti

Publications and source records attributed to Clarissa Buti.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

GPU-Accelerated Simulation of 3D Diamond Sensors Using the TeRABIT Infrastructure

Diamond detectors with electrodes orthogonal to the surface, engraved via laser-induced graphitization, are full-carbon sensors of interest for a wide range of applications, spanning from High Energy Physics to Nuclear Medicine and dosimetry. In recent years, significant progress has been made in graphitization techniques, enabling the fabrication of lower-resistance electrodes. This has resulted in faster sensors, achieving time resolutions better than 100 ps. However, simulating signal formation in these devices remains a challenge. The effects of fluctuations in energy deposition, carrier transport, signal propagation, and readout electronics intertwine in a way that is non-trivial to disentangle. We have developed an innovative simulation approach based on an extension of the Ramo-Shockley theorem, modeling propagation effects in a theoretically sound manner by introducing time-dependent weighting potentials. These are obtained by solving a third-order partial differential equation derived as a quasi-static approximation of Maxwell's laws. The numerical solution of this equation emerged as the main challenge of the new approach. In this contribution, we discuss an innovative solver that uses fundamental solutions to impose boundary conditions and spectral methods to extend the solution to the bulk of the diamond detector. We report on how the solver has recently been ported to GPUs and distributed across multiple computing sites, leveraging the TeRABIT HPC Bubbles and the InterLink protocol. This drastically reduces time-to-insight and effectively enables what-if studies on sensor geometry.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2025

Physics Informed Neural Networks for design optimisation of diamond particle detectors for charged particle fast-tracking at high luminosity hadron colliders

Future high-luminosity hadron colliders demand tracking detectors with extreme radiation tolerance, high spatial precision, and sub-nanosecond timing. 3D diamond pixel sensors offer these capabilities due to diamond's radiation hardness and high carrier mobility. Conductive electrodes, produced via femtosecond IR laser pulses, exhibit high resistivity that delays signal propagation. This effect necessitates extending the classical Ramo-Shockley weighting potential formalism. We model the phenomenon through a 3rd-order, 3+1D PDE derived as a quasi-stationary approximation of Maxwell's equations. The PDE is solved numerically and coupled with charge transport simulations for realistic 3D sensor geometries. A Mixture-of-Experts Physics-Informed Neural Network, trained on Spectral Method data, provides a meshless solver to assess timing degradation from electrode resistance.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2025

Optimization of 3D diamond detectors with graphitized electrodes based on an innovative numerical simulation

Future experiments at hadron colliders require an evolution of the tracking sensors to ensure sufficient radiation hardness as well as space and time resolution to handle unprecedented particle fluxes. 3D diamond sensors with laser-graphitized electrodes are promising candidates due to their strong binding energy, small atomic number, and high carrier mobility. However, the high resistance of the engraved electrodes delays the propagation of the induced signals towards the readout electronics, thereby degrading the precision of the timing measurements. So far, this effect has been the dominant factor limiting the time resolution of these devices, with other contributions, such as those due to electric field inhomogeneities or electronic noise, typically neglected. Recent advancements in graphitization technology, however, motivate a renewed effort in modeling signal generation in 3D diamond detectors, to achieve more reliable predictions. To this purpose, we apply an extended version of the Ramo-Shockley theorem, describing the effect of signal propagation as a time-dependent weighting potential, obtained by numerically solving the Maxwell's equations in a quasi-static approximation. We developed a custom spectral method solver and validated it against COMSOL MultiPhysics. The response of the modeled sensor to a beam of particles is then simulated using Garfield++ and is compared to the data acquired in a beam test carried on in 2021 by the TimeSPOT Collaboration at the SPS, at CERN. Based on the results obtained with this simulation workflow, we conclude that reducing the resistivity of the graphitic columns remains the priority for significantly improving the time resolution of 3D diamond detectors. Once achieved, optimization of the detector geometry and readout electronics design will become equally important steps to further enhance the timing performance of these devices.

physics.ins-det↗