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Claudio Coriano'

Publications and source records attributed to Claudio Coriano'.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

A Light Supersymmetric Axion in an Anomalous Abelian Extension of the Standard Model

We present a supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (USSM-A) with an anomalous U(1) and Stueckelberg axions for anomaly cancellation, generalizing similar non-supersymmetric constructions. The model, built by a bottom-up approach, is expected to capture the low-energy supersymmetric description of axionic symmetries in theories with gauged anomalous abelian interactions, previously explored in the non-supersymmetric case for scenarios with intersecting branes. The choice of a USSM-like superpotential, with one extra singlet superfield and an extra abelian symmetry, allows a physical axion-like particle in the spectrum. We describe some general features of this construction and in particular the modification of the dark-matter sector which involves both the axion and several neutralinos with an axino component. The axion is expected to be very light in the absence of phases in the superpotential but could acquire a mass which can also be in the few GeV range or larger. In particular, the gauging of the anomalous symmetry allows independent mass/coupling interaction to the gauge fields of this particle, a feature which is absent in traditional (invisible) axion models. We comment on the general implications of our study for the signature of moduli from string theory due to the presence of these anomalous symmetries.

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An Anomalous Extra Z Prime from Intersecting Branes with Drell-Yan and Direct Photons at the LHC

We quantify the impact of gauge anomalies at the Large Hadron Collider by studying the invariant mass distributions in Drell-Yan and in double prompt photon, using an extension of the Standard Model characterized by an additional anomalous U(1) derived from intersecting branes. The approach is rather general and applies to any anomalous abelian gauge current. Anomalies are cancelled using either the Wess-Zumino mechanism with suitable Peccei-Quinn-like interactions and a Stueckelberg axion, or by the Green-Schwarz mechanism. We compare predictions for the corresponding extra Z-prime to anomaly-free realizations such as those involving U(1)_{B-L}. We identify the leading anomalous corrections to both channels, which contribute at higher orders, and compare them against the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD background. Anomalous effects in these inclusive observables are found to be very small, far below the percent level and below the size of the typical QCD corrections quantified by NNLO K-factors.

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Axions and Anomaly-Mediated Interactions: The Green-Schwarz and Wess-Zumino Vertices at Higher Orders and g-2 of the muon

We present a study of the mechanism of anomaly cancellation using only transverse invariant amplitudes on anomaly diagrams at higher perturbative orders. The method is the realization of the Green-Schwarz (GS) mechanism at field theory level, which restores the Ward identities by a subtraction of the anomaly pole. Some of the properties of the GS vertex are analyzed both in the context of unitarity and of the organization of the related perturbative expansion. We investigate the role played by the GS and the Wess-Zumino vertices in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and in the hyperfine splitting of muonium, which are processes that can be accompanied by the exchange of a virtual anomalous extra Z-prime and an axion-like particle.

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Double Transverse-Spin Asymmetries in Drell-Yan Processes with Antiprotons

We present next-to-leading order predictions for double transverse-spin asymmetries in Drell--Yan dilepton production initiated by proton--antiproton scattering. The kinematic region of the proposed PAX experiment at GSI: $30\lesssim{s}\lesssim200\GeV^2$ and $2\lesssim{M}\lesssim7\GeV$ is examined. The Drell--Yan asymmetries turn out to be large, in the range 20--40%. Measuring these asymmetries would provide the cleanest determination of the quark transversity distributions.

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NNLO Logarithmic Expansions and Exact Solutions of the DGLAP Equations from x-Space: New Algorithms for Precision Studies at the LHC

A NNLO analysis of certain logarithmic expansions, developed for precision studies of the evolution of the QCD parton distributions (pdf) at the Large Hadron Collider, is presented. We elaborate on their relations to all the solutions of the DGLAP equations that have been hitherto obtained from Mellin space, to which are equivalent. Exact expansions, equivalent to exact solutions of the equations, are constructed in the non-singlet sector. The algorithmic features of our approach are also emphasized, since this method allows to obtain numerical solutions of the evolution equations with the same accuracy of other methods, based on Mellin space, and of brute force methods, which solve the equations by finite differences. The implementation of our analysis allows to compare with existing benchmarks for the evolution of the pdf's, useful for applications at the LHC, and to extend them significantly in a systematic fashion, especially when solutions that retain logarithmic corrections only of a certain accuracy are searched for.

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Parton Distributions, Logarithmic Expansions and Kinetic Evolution

Aspects of the QCD parton densities are briefly reviewed, drawing some parallels to the density matrix formulation of quantum mechanics, exemplified by Wigner functions. We elaborate on the solution of their evolution equations using logarithmic expansions and overview their kinetic interpretation. We illustrate how a Fokker-Planck equation can be derived using the master formulation of the same equations and its construction in the case of the transverse spin distributions. A simple connection of the leading order DGLAP equation to fractional diffusion using fractional calculus is also briefly outlined.

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On the Effective Theory of Low Scale Orientifold String Vacua

The effective field theory of the minimal Low Scale Orientifold Models is developed. It describes universal features of related orientifold vacua in string theory. It contains, beyond the Standard Model fields, an MSSM-like Higgs sector and three anomalous (massive) U(1) gauge bosons. All renormalizable couplings are included as well as some dimension-five couplings that are important for anomaly cancellation. The Higgs symmetry breaking induces mixing between the anomalous U(1) gauge bosons and the photon and $Z^0$. This mixing as well as the anomaly generated cubic vector boson couplings is potentially important for discriminating such models from other theories containing Z's. Some interesting tree-level processes are also evaluated.

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On the Scale Variation of the Total Cross Section for Higgs Production at the LHC and at the Tevatron

We present a detailed study of the total $p p$ cross section for scalar Higgs production to next-to-next-to leading order in $α_s$ at LHC energies, and of the $p\bar p$ cross section at the Tevatron, combining an implementation of the solutions of the parton evolution equations at the 3-loop order with the corresponding hard scatterings, evaluated at the same perturbative order. Our solutions of the DGLAP equations are implemented directly in $x$-space and allow the study of the dependence of the results on the factorization ($μ_F$) and renormalization scales $(μ_R)$ typical of a given process, together with the stability of the perturbative expansion. The input sets for the parton evolutions are those given by Martin, Roberts, Stirling and Thorne and by Alekhin. Results for K-factors are also presented. The NNLO corrections can be quite sizeable at typical collider energies. The stability region of the perturbative expansion is found when $μ_R > m_H\simμ_F$.

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Deeply Virtual Neutrino Scattering (DVNS)

We introduce the study of neutrino scattering off protons in the deeply virtual kinematics, which describes under a unified formalism elastic and deep inelastic neutrino scattering. A real final state photon and a recoiling nucleon are detected in the few GeV ($|t|\sim 0.2-5$ GeV) region of momentum transfer. This is performed via an extension of the notion of deeply virtual Compton scattering, or DVCS, to the case of a neutral current exchange. The relevance of this process and of other similar exclusive processes for the study of neutrino interactions in neutrino factories for GeV neutrinos is pointed out.

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Leading Twist Amplitudes for Exclusive Neutrino Interactions in the Deeply Virtual Limit

Neutrino scattering on nucleons in the regime of deeply virtual kinematics is studied both in the charged and the neutral electroweak sectors using a formalism developed by Blumlein, Robaschik, Geyer and Collaborators for the analysis of the Virtual Compton amplitude in the generalized Bjorken region. We discuss the structure of the leading twist amplitudes of the process.

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Searching for Extra Dimensions in High Energy Cosmic Rays

We present a study of the decay of an intermediate mini black hole at the first impact of a cosmic ray particle with the atmosphere, in the context of D-brane world scenarios with TeV scale gravity and large extra dimensions. We model the decay of the black hole using the semiclassical approximation and include the corrections coming from energy loss into the bulk. Extensive simulations show that mini black hole events are characterized by essentially different multiplicities and wider lateral distributions of the air showers as a function of the energy of the incoming primary, as compared to standard events. Implications for their detection and some open issues on their possible discovery are also briefly addressed.

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Cosmic Ray Signals from Mini Black Holes in Models with Extra Dimensions: An Analytical/Monte Carlo Study

We present a study of the multiplicities, of the lateral distributions and of the ratio of the electromagnetic to the hadronic components in the air showers, generated by the collision in the atmosphere of an incoming high energy cosmic ray and mediated by the formation of a mini black hole, predicted in TeV scale gravity models with large extra dimensions. The analysis is performed via a large scale simulation of the resulting cascades over the entire range ($10^{15}-10^{19}$eV) of ultra high initial energies, for several values of the number of large extra dimensions, for a variety of altitudes of the initial interaction and with the energy losses in the bulk taken into account. The results are compared with a representative of the standard events, namely the shower due to the collision of a primary proton with a nucleon in the atmosphere. Both the multiplicities and the lateral distribution of the showers show important differences between the two cases and, consequently, may be useful for the observational characterization of the events. The electromagnetic/hadronic ratio is strongly fluctuating and, thus, less decisive for the altitudes considered.

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Identifying String Relics at AUGER?

The identification of string relics, or of other very massive states, at forthcoming ultra high energy cosmic rays experiments, requires a good reconstruction of the main properties of the extensive air showers produced by the collision of the primary protons with the atmosphere. In particular, the current hadronization models used in the simulations need to incorporate possible new interactions. We briefly discuss these aspects and then proceed by describing some of the observables which characterize the atmospheric shower. The linear growth of the multiplicities - as a function of the energy - for all the main particles in the shower can play an interesting role in an attempt to identify channels of missing energy due to a plausible dark matter component.

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An x-Space Analysis of Evolution Equations: Soffer's Inequality and the Non-forward Evolution

We analize the use of algorithms based in x-space for the solution of renormalization group equations of DGLAP-type and test their consistency by studying bounds among partons distributions - in our specific case Soffer's inequality and the perturbative behaviour of the nucleon tensor charge - to next-to-leading order in QCD . A discussion of the perturbative resummation implicit in these expansions using Mellin moments is included. We also comment on the (kinetic) proof of positivity of the evolution of $h_1$, using a kinetic analogy and illustrate the extension of the algorithm to the evolution of generalized parton distributions. We prove positivity of the non-forward evolution in a special case and illustrate a Fokker-Planck approximation to it.

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Susy QCD and High Energy Cosmic Rays 1. Fragmentation functions of Susy QCD

The supersymmetric evolution of the fragmentation functions (or timelike evolution) within N=1 $QCD$ is discussed and predictions for the fragmentation functions of the theory (into final protons) are given. We use a backward running of the supersymmetric DGLAP equations, using a method developed in previous works. We start from the usual QCD parameterizations at low energy and run the DGLAP back, up to an intermediate scale -assumed to be supersymmetric- where we switch-on supersymmetry. From there on we assume the applicability of an N=1 supersymmetric evolution (ESAP). We elaborate on possible application of these results to High Energy Cosmic Rays near the GZK cutoff.

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Distributions of N=1 QCD

We describe the N=1 supersymmetric evolution of the parton distributions with coupled gluinos and scalar quarks (Exact Supersymmetric Altarelli Parisi or ESAP). Superymmetric distributions are generated radiatively and studied as a function of both a matching scale (the match is to an intermediate AP evolution), parameterized by a scalar quark mass, and a final evolution scale. The analysis involves also a comparison with the regular AP evolution. Predictions for all the distributions are presented.

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Polarized and Unpolarized Double Prompt Photon Production in Next to Leading Order QCD

We calculate $O(α_s)$ corrections to inclusive and isolated double prompt photon production, both for the unpolarized case, and for longitudinal polarization of the incoming hadrons. The calculation is performed using purely analytical techniques for the inclusive case, and a combination of analytical and Monte Carlo techniques to perform the phase space integration in the isolated case. A brief phenomenological study is made of the process $pp\rightarrow γγX$ at CMS energies appropriate for the RHIC heavy ion collider.

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