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Cristian Rossi

Publications and source records attributed to Cristian Rossi.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

AIGOR: A Modular, Event-Driven Neuromorphic Architecture for Configurable SNN Inference

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) run today on a fragmented landscape of hardware: dedicated neuromorphic processors, application-specific FPGA accelerators, and large-scale neuroscience simulators, each typically built around a fixed neuron model, execution strategy, or workload class. We present AIGOR, a modular, event-driven neuromorphic architecture for spiking neural network inference. AIGOR organizes neurons into timestep-synchronized processing cores that exchange spikes as packets over a packet-switched communication layer, and it is assembled from a library of parameterized compute, memory, and communication IP blocks rather than as a one-off design for a single network. The neuron model, numeric precision, the folding of neurons onto hardware, and the partitioning across cores are configured per instance rather than committed at design time; a single declarative specification then generates the cores, neuron kernels, and synaptic-memory images that realize a given network. We validate a first prototype on the AMD Versal VPK180 across two deliberately different workloads mapped onto the same cores: a feedforward image classifier trained in snnTorch and a recurrent bal anced random network modeled in NEST. The classifier reproduces its snnTorch reference accuracy, and the recurrent network matches its NEST reference at spike-level precision across multiple cores spanning two FPGAs. We report post-implementation resource utilization and validate the multi-node synchronization scheme in simulation up to one thousand cores on a three-dimensional torus. The prototype's measured limits localize the throughput bottleneck in the synaptic-delivery datapath and the global timestep barrier, and motivate a set of datapath refinements, now in development, that the configurable structure of the architecture admits as changes to the same cores.

cs.AR

Online Data Reduction with Spiking Neural Networks: A Temporal-Coincidence Encoder and Distributed SNN for the ePIC dRICH Detector

The dual-radiator Ring Imaging Cherenkov (dRICH) detector of the ePIC experiment at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will read out $\sim$320,000 silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) channels at a bunch-crossing rate of 100 MHz. The dark count rate (DCR) of the SiPMs is expected to rise up to 300 kHz per channel over the experiment lifetime, saturating the output bandwidth and requiring an online data reduction factor of at least five. Most crossings contain only uncorrelated DCR hits, while genuine Cherenkov hits cluster within $\sim$2 ns of the 10 ns crossing window: an intrinsically temporal discrimination problem. We present a two-stage online data reduction pipeline based on spiking neural networks (SNNs). The first stage is a per-photodetection-unit leaky-integrate-and-fire (LIF) temporal coincidence encoder that converts raw SiPM hits into a sparse spike stream, achieving over 90% data sparsification before any learned classifier is applied. The second stage is a distributed SNN (30 sub-sector networks plus an aggregation network) deployed on FELIX-155 DAM boards and a dedicated Trigger Processor board, classifying each crossing as Noise-Only or Signal+Noise. On simulated ePIC events the system reaches a true positive rate above 94% at a true negative rate of at least 80% across the full DCR range; an optional early-exit strategy reduces the average classification latency to $\sim$2 algorithmic timesteps at the cost of a few percentage points on both metrics. A hardware proof-of-concept on an AMD Versal Premium FPGA, integrating the LIF encoder with the AIGOR multi-core neuromorphic architecture, validates a single sub-sector pipeline at $\sim$1.7 MHz throughput; ongoing work targets 100 MHz through an identified set of optimizations of the inference fabric. The methodology may be relevant to other timing-driven detector applications at high rate.

physics.ins-det

APEIRON: composing smart TDAQ systems for high energy physics experiments

We present APEIRON, a distributed heterogeneous processing framework comprising both hardware architecture and software stack for multi-FPGA systems. Targeting smart trigger and data acquisition (TDAQ) systems in high energy physics, APEIRON spans the full software hierarchy: from low-level device drivers to a high-level dataflow programming model based on High-Level Synthesis. We describe the framework design, its core communication infrastructure, and a particle identification application for the NA62 experiment as a representative physics use case.

physics.ins-det

NET4EXA: Pioneering the Future of Interconnects for Supercomputing and AI

NET4EXA aims to develop a next-generation high-performance interconnect for HPC and AI systems, addressing the increasing demands of large-scale infrastructures, such as those required for training Large Language Models. Building upon the proven BXI (Bull eXascale Interconnect) European technology used in TOP15 supercomputers, NET4EXA will deliver the new BXI release, BXIv3, a complete hardware and software interconnect solution, including switch and network interface components. The project will integrate a fully functional pilot system at TRL 8, ready for deployment into upcoming exascale and post-exascale systems from 2025 onward. Leveraging prior research from European initiatives like RED-SEA, the previous achievements of consortium partners and over 20 years of expertise from BULL, NET4EXA also lays the groundwork for the future generation of BXI, BXIv4, providing analysis and preliminary design. The project will use a hybrid development and co-design approach, combining commercial switch technology with custom IP and FPGA-based NICs. Performances of NET4EXA BXIv3 interconnect will be evaluated using a broad portfolio of benchmarks, scientific scalable applications, and AI workloads.

cs.NI

Real-Time Motion Correction in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: AI solution inspired by fundamental science

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a powerful non-invasive tool for metabolic tissue analysis but is often degraded by patient motion, limiting clinical utility. The RECENTRE project (REal-time motion CorrEctioN in magneTic Resonance) presents an AI-driven, real-time motion correction pipeline based on optimized GRU networks, inspired by tagging and fast-trigger algorithms from high-energy physics. Models evaluated on held-out test sets achieve good predictive performance and overall positive framewise displacement (FD) gains. These results demonstrate feasibility for prospective scanner integration; future work will complete in-vivo validation.

physics.med-ph

APEIRON: composing smart TDAQ systems for high energy physics experiments

APEIRON is a framework encompassing the general architecture of a distributed heterogeneous processing platform and the corresponding software stack, from the low level device drivers up to the high level programming model. The framework is designed to be efficiently used for studying, prototyping and deploying smart trigger and data acquisition (TDAQ) systems for high energy physics experiments.

cs.DC

A Nonlocal InSAR Filter for High-Resolution DEM Generation from TanDEM-X Interferograms

This paper presents a nonlocal InSAR filter with the goal of generating digital elevation models of higher resolution and accuracy from bistatic TanDEM-X strip map interferograms than with the processing chain used in production. The currently employed boxcar multilooking filter naturally decreases the resolution and has inherent limitations on what level of noise reduction can be achieved. The proposed filter is specifically designed to account for the inherent diversity of natural terrain by setting several filtering parameters adaptively. In particular, it considers the local fringe frequency and scene heterogeneity, ensuring proper denoising of interferograms with considerable underlying topography as well as urban areas. A comparison using synthetic and TanDEM-X bistatic strip map datasets with existing InSAR filters shows the effectiveness of the proposed techniques, most of which could readily be integrated into existing nonlocal filters. The resulting digital elevation models outclass the ones produced with the existing global TanDEM-X DEM processing chain by effectively increasing the resolution from 12m to 6m and lowering the noise level by roughly a factor of two.

eess.IV