D. G. Nanopoulos | Searcharxiv

arXiv2026

Impact of Kaon Condensation on the Thermal Evolution of the CCO in HESS J1731--347 Supernova Remnant

Recent analyses of the central compact object in the HESS J1731--347 supernova remnant suggest an unusual combination of a low mass and small radius, while its thermal emission indicates a relatively high surface temperature at its estimated age. Reconciling these structural and thermal properties within a unified theoretical framework may provide important constraints on the equation of state and composition of dense matter. In this work, we investigate the thermal consequences of negatively charged kaon condensation, an exotic phase that softens the equation of state and facilitate the reproduction of the inferred bulk properties of HESS J1731--347. We find that the onset of kaon condensation strongly accelerates the thermal evolution, leading to surface temperature substantially below the observationally inferred range. Within the adopted cooling framework, kaon condensation therefore cannot simultaneously account for the structural and thermal properties of HESS J1731--347.

astro-ph.HE↗

arXiv2026

On the Cooling of Compact Stars in Light of the HESS J1731-347 Remnant

Recent analyses on the central compact object in the HESS J1731-347 supernova remnant reported not only surprising structural properties (mass $M$ and radius $R$), but also an interesting thermal evolution. More precisely, it has been estimated that $M=0.77^{+0.20}_{-0.17}M_\odot$ and $R=10.4^{+0.86}_{-0.78}$ km (at the $1σ$ level), while a redshited surface temperature of $153^{+4}_ {-2}$ keV at an age of 2-6 kyrs has been reported. In the present work, we conduct an in-depth investigation on the possible nature (hadronic, hybrid, quark) of this compact object by attempting to not only explain its mass and radius but also the corresponding estimations for its temperature and age. In the case of hybrid stars we also examine possible effects of the symmetry energy on the activation of different neutrino emitting process, and hence on the resulting cooling curves. We found that the reported temperature and age may be compatible to hadronic stellar configurations regardless of whether pairing effects are included. In the scenario of hybrid stars, we found that the strange quark matter core has to be in a superconducting state in order to reach an agreement with the observational constraints. In addition, the hadronic phase must be soft enough so that the direct Urca process is not activated. Furthermore, we have shown that the considered cooling constraints can be reconciled within the framework of strange stars. However, quark matter has to be in a superconducting state and the quark direct Urca process needs to be blocked.

astro-ph.HE↗