arXiv subjects

D. Holmes

Publications and source records attributed to D. Holmes.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Strong coupling of a superconducting flux qubit to single bismuth donors

The realization of a quantum computer represents a tremendous scientific and technological challenge due to the extreme fragility of quantum information. The physical support of information, namely the quantum bit or qubit, must at the same time be strongly coupled to other qubits by gates to compute information, and well decoupled from its environment to keep its quantum behavior. An interesting physical system for realizing such qubits are magnetic impurities in semiconductors, such as bismuth donors in silicon. Indeed, spins associated to bismuth donors can reach an extremely long coherence time -- of the order of seconds. Yet it is extremely difficult to establish and control efficient gates between these spins. Here we demonstrate a protocol where single bismuth donors can coherently transfer their quantum information to a superconducting flux qubit, which acts as a mediator or quantum bus. This superconducting device allows to connect distant spins on-demand with little impact on their coherent behavior.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2022

Benchtop magnetic shielding for benchmarking atomic magnetometers

Here, a benchtop hybrid magnetic shield containing four mumetal cylinders and nine internal flexible printed circuit boards is designed, constructed, tested, and operated. The shield is designed specifically as a test-bed for building and operating ultra-sensitive quantum magnetometers. The geometry and spacing of the mumetal cylinders are optimized to maximize shielding efficiency while maintaining Johnson noise $<15$ fT/$\sqrt{}$Hz. Experimental measurements at the shield's center show passive shielding efficiency of $\left(1.0\pm0.1\right){\times}10^6$ for a $0.2$ Hz oscillating field applied along the shield's axis. The nine flexible printed circuit boards generate three uniform fields, which all deviate from perfect uniformity by ${\leq}0.5$% along $50$% of the inner shield axis, and five linear field gradients and one second-order gradient, which all deviate by ${\leq}4$% from perfect linearity and curvature, respectively, over measured target regions. Together, the target field amplitudes are adjusted to minimize the remnant static field along $40$% of the inner shield axis, as mapped using an atomic magnetometer. In this region, the active null reduces the norm of the magnitudes of the three uniform fields and six gradients by factors of $19.5$ and $19.8$, respectively, thereby reducing the total static field from $1.68$ nT to $0.23$ nT.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2022

Logarithmic double ramification cycles

Let $A=(a_1,\ldots, a_n)$ be a vector of integers which sum to $k(2g-2+n)$. The double ramification cycle $\mathsf{DR}_{g,A}\in \mathsf{CH}^g(\mathcal{M}_{g,n})$ on the moduli space of curves is the virtual class of an Abel-Jacobi locus of pointed curves $(C,x_1,\ldots,x_n)$ satisfying $$\mathcal{O}_C\Big(\sum_{i=1}^n a_i x_i\Big) \, \simeq\, \big(\omega^{\mathsf{log}}_{C}\big)^k\, .$$ The Abel-Jacobi construction requires log blow-ups of $\mathcal{M}_{g,n}$ to resolve the indeterminacies of the Abel-Jacobi map. Holmes has shown that $\mathsf{DR}_{g,A}$ admits a canonical lift $\mathsf{logDR}_{g,A} \in \mathsf{logCH}^g(\mathcal{M}_{g,n})$ to the logarithmic Chow ring, which is the limit of the intersection theories of all such blow-ups. The main result of the paper is an explicit formula for $\mathsf{logDR}_{g,A}$ which lifts Pixton's formula for $\mathsf{DR}_{g,A}$. The central idea is to study the universal Jacobian over the moduli space of curves (following Caporaso, Kass-Pagani, and Abreu-Pacini) for certain stability conditions. Using the criterion of Holmes-Schwarz, the universal double ramification theory of Bae-Holmes-Pandharipande-Schmitt-Schwarz applied to the universal line bundle determines the logarithmic double ramification cycle. The resulting formula, written in the language of piecewise polynomials, depends upon the stability condition (and admits a wall-crossing study). Several examples of logarithmic and higher double ramification cycles are computed.

math.AG↗

arXiv2020

Isotopic enrichment of silicon by high fluence $^{28}$Si$^-$ ion implantation

Spins in the `semiconductor vacuum' of silicon-28 ($^{28}$Si) are suitable qubit candidates due to their long coherence times. An isotopically purified substrate of $^{28}$Si is required to limit the decoherence pathway caused by magnetic perturbations from surrounding $^{29}$Si nuclear spins (I=1/2), present in natural Si (nat Si) at an abundance of 4.67%. We isotopically enrich surface layers of nat Si by sputtering using high fluence $^{28}$Si$^-$ implantation. Phosphorus (P) donors implanted into one such $^{28}$Si layer with ~3000 ppm $^{29}$Si, produced by implanting 30 keV $^{28}$Si$^-$ ions at a fluence of 4x10^18 cm^-2, were measured with pulsed electron spin resonance, confirming successful donor activation upon annealing. The mono-exponential decay of the Hahn echo signal indicates a depletion of $^{29}$Si. A coherence time of T2 = 285 +/- 14 us is extracted, which is longer than that obtained in nat Si for similar doping concentrations and can be increased by reducing the P concentration in future. The isotopic enrichment was improved by employing one-for-one ion sputtering using 45 keV $^{28}$Si$^-$ implantation. A fluence of 2.63x10^18 cm^-2 $^{28}$Si$^-$ ions were implanted at this energy into nat Si, resulting in an isotopically enriched surface layer ~100 nm thick; suitable for providing a sufficient volume of $^{28}$Si for donor qubits implanted into the near-surface region. We observe a depletion of $^{29}$Si to 250 ppm as measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The impurity content and the crystallization kinetics via solid phase epitaxy are discussed. The $^{28}$Si layer is confirmed to be a single crystal using transmission electron microscopy. This method of Si isotopic enrichment shows promise for incorporating into the fabrication process flow of Si spin qubit devices.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2019

Higher order mode damper for low energy RHIC electron cooler SRF booster cavity

To improve RHIC luminosity for heavy ion beam energies below 10 GeV/nucleon, the Low Energy RHIC electron Cooler (LEReC) is currently under commissioning at BNL. The Linac of LEReC is designed to deliver a 1.6 MeV to 2.6 MeV electron beam, with rms dp/p less than 5e-4. A 704 MHz superconducting radio frequency (SRF) booster cavity in this Linac provides up to 2.2 MeV accelerating voltage. With such a low energy and very demanding energy spread requirement, control of Higher Order Modes (HOMs) in the cavities becomes critical and needs to be carefully evaluated to ensure minimum impact on the beam. In this paper, we report the multiphysics design of the HOM damper for this cavity to meet the energy spread requirement, as well as experimental results of the cavity with and without the HOM damper.

physics.acc-ph↗