Lattice determination of $I= 0$ and 2 $ππ$ scattering phase shifts with a physical pion mass
Phase shifts for $s$-wave $ππ$ scattering in both the $I=0$ and $I=2$ channels are determined from a lattice QCD calculation performed on 741 gauge configurations obeying G-parity boundary conditions with a physical pion mass and lattice size of $32^3\times 64$. These results support our recent study of direct CP violation in $K\toππ$ decay \cite{Abbott:2020hxn}, improving our earlier 2015 calculation \cite{Bai:2015nea}. The phase shifts are determined for both stationary and moving $ππ$ systems, at three ($I=0$) and four ($I=2$) different total momenta. We implement several $ππ$ interpolating operators including a scalar bilinear "$σ$" operator and paired single-pion bilinear operators with the constituent pions carrying various relative momenta. Several techniques, including correlated fitting and a bootstrap determination of p-values have been used to refine the results and a comparison with the generalized eigenvalue problem (GEVP) method is given. A detailed systematic error analysis is performed which allows phase shift results to be presented at a fixed energy.