arXiv subjects

D. P. DiVincenzo

Publications and source records attributed to D. P. DiVincenzo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Cross-talk in superconducting qubit lattices with tunable couplers -- comparing transmon and fluxonium architectures

Cross-talk between qubits is one of the main challenges for scaling superconducting quantum processors. Here, we use the density-matrix renormalization-group to numerically analyze lattices of superconducting qubits from a perspective of many-body localization. Specifically, we compare different architectures that include tunable couplers designed to decouple qubits in the idle state, and calculate the residual ZZ interactions as well as the inverse participation ratio in the computational basis states. For transmon qubits outside of the straddling regime, the results confirm that tunable C-shunt flux couplers are significantly more efficient in mitigating the ZZ interactions than tunable transmons. A recently proposed fluxonium architecture with tunable transmon couplers is demonstrated to also maintain its strong suppression of the ZZ interactions in larger systems, while having a higher inverse participation ratio in the computational basis states than lattices of transmon qubits. Our results thus suggest that fluxonium architectures may feature lower cross talk than transmon lattices when designed to achieve similar gate speeds and fidelities.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2019

Canonical circuit quantization with linear nonreciprocal devices

Nonreciprocal devices effectively mimic the breaking of time-reversal symmetry for the subspace of dynamical variables that they couple, and can be used to create chiral information processing networks. We study the systematic inclusion of ideal gyrators and circulators into Lagrangian and Hamiltonian descriptions of lumped-element electrical networks. The proposed theory is of wide applicability in general nonreciprocal networks on the quantum regime. We apply it to pedagogical and pathological examples of circuits containing Josephson junctions and ideal nonreciprocal elements described by admittance matrices, and compare it with the more involved treatment of circuits based on nonreciprocal devices characterized by impedance or scattering matrices. Finally, we discuss the dual quantization of circuits containing phase-slip junctions and nonreciprocal devices.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2016

Qubit quantum-dot sensors: noise cancellation by coherent backaction, initial slips, and elliptical precession

We theoretically investigate the backaction of a sensor quantum dot with strong local Coulomb repulsion on the transient dynamics of a qubit that is probed capacitively. We show that the measurement backaction induced by the noise of electron cotunneling through the sensor is surprisingly mitigated by the recently identified coherent backaction [PRB 89, 195405] arising from quantum fluctuations. This renormalization effect is missing in semiclassical stochastic fluctuator models and typically also in Born-Markov approaches, which try to avoid the calculation of the nonstationary, nonequilibrium state of the qubit plus sensor. Technically, we integrate out the current-carrying electrodes to obtain kinetic equations for the joint, nonequilibrium detector-qubit dynamics. We show that the sensor-current response, level renormalization, cotunneling, and leading non-Markovian corrections always appear together and cannot be turned off individually in an experiment or ignored theoretically. We analyze the backaction on the reduced qubit state - capturing the full non-Markovian effects imposed by the sensor quantum dot on the qubit - by applying a Liouville-space decomposition into quasistationary and rapidly decaying modes. Importantly, the sensor cannot be eliminated completely even in the simplest high-temperature, weak-measurement limit: The qubit state experiences an initial slip that persists over many qubit cycles and depends on the initial preparation of qubit plus sensor quantum dot. A quantum-dot sensor can thus not be modeled as a 'black box' without accounting for its dynamical variables. We furthermore find that the Bloch vector relaxes (T1) along an axis that is not orthogonal to the plane in which the Bloch vector dephases (T2), blurring the notions of T1 and T2 times. Finally, the precessional motion of the Bloch vector is distorted into an ellipse in the tilted dephasing plane.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2016

Coherent Backaction of Quantum Dot Detectors: Qubit Isospin Precession

A sensitive technique for the readout of the state of a qubit is based on the measurement of the conductance through a proximal sensor quantum dot (SQD). Here, we theoretically study the coherent backaction of such a measurement on a coupled SQD-charge-qubit system. We derive Markovian kinetic equations for the ensemble-averaged state of the SQD-qubit system, expressed in the coupled dynamics of two charge-state occupations of the SQD and two qubit isospin vectors, one for each SQD charge state. We find that aside from introducing dissipation, the detection also renormalizes the coherent evolution of the SQD-qubit system. Basically, if the electron on the detector has time to probe the qubit, then it also has time to fluctuate and thereby renormalize the system parameters. In particular, this induces torques on the qubit isospins, similar to the spin torque generated by the spintronic exchange field in noncollinear spin-valve structures. Secondly, we show that for a consistent description of the detection, one must also include the renormalization effects in the next-to-leading order in the electron tunneling rates, especially at the point of maximal sensitivity of the detector. Although we focus on a charge-qubit model, our findings are generic for qubit readout schemes that are based on spin-to-charge conversion using a quantum-dot detector. Furthermore, our study of the stationary current through the SQD, a test measurement verifying that the qubit couples to the detector current, already reveals various significant effects of the isospin torques on the qubit. Our kinetic equations provide a starting point for further studies of the time evolution in charge-based qubit readout. Finally, we provide a rigorous sum rule that constrains such approximate descriptions of the qubit isospin dynamics and show that it is obeyed by our kinetic equations.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2015

High Kinetic Inductance Superconducting Nanowire Resonators for Circuit QED in a Magnetic Field

We present superconducting microwave-frequency resonators based on NbTiN nanowires. The small cross section of the nanowires minimizes vortex generation, making the resonators resilient to magnetic fields. Measured intrinsic quality factors exceed $2\times 10^5$ in a $6$ T in-plane magnetic field, and $3\times 10^4$ in a $350$ mT perpendicular magnetic field. Due to their high characteristic impedance, these resonators are expected to develop zero-point voltage fluctuations one order of magnitude larger than in standard coplanar waveguide resonators. These properties make the nanowire resonators well suited for circuit QED experiments needing strong coupling to quantum systems with small electric dipole moments and requiring a magnetic field, such as electrons in single and double quantum dots.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2014

Dispersive Qubit Measurement by Interferometry with Parametric Amplifiers

We perform a detailed analysis of how an amplified interferometer can be used to enhance the quality of a dispersive qubit measurement, such as one performed on a superconducting transmon qubit, using homodyne detection on an amplified microwave signal. Our modeling makes a realistic assessment of what is possible in current circuit-QED experiments; in particular, we take into account the frequency-dependence of the qubit-induced phase shift for short microwaves pulses. We compare the possible signal-to-noise ratios obtainable with (single-mode) SU(1,1) interferometers with the current coherent measurement and find a considerable reduction in measurement error probability in an experimentally-accessible range of parameters.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2013

Self-Consistent Measurement and State Tomography of an Exchange-Only Spin Qubit

We report initialization, complete electrical control, and single-shot readout of an exchange-only spin qubit. Full control via the exchange interaction is fast, yielding a demonstrated 75 qubit rotations in under 2 ns. Measurement and state tomography are performed using a maximum-likelihood estimator method, allowing decoherence, leakage out of the qubit state space, and measurement fidelity to be quantified. The methods developed here are generally applicable to systems with state leakage, noisy measurements, and non-orthogonal control axes.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2012

Quantum Circuits for Measuring Levin-Wen Operators

We construct quantum circuits for measuring the commuting set of vertex and plaquette operators that appear in the Levin-Wen model for doubled Fibonacci anyons. Such measurements can be viewed as syndrome measurements for the quantum error-correcting code defined by the ground states of this model (the Fibonacci code). We quantify the complexity of these circuits with gate counts using different universal gate sets and find these measurements become significantly easier to perform if n-qubit Toffoli gates with n = 3,4 and 5 can be carried out directly. In addition to measurement circuits, we construct simplified quantum circuits requiring only a few qubits that can be used to verify that certain self-consistency conditions, including the pentagon equation, are satisfied by the Fibonacci code.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2010

Coherent spin manipulation in an exchange-only qubit

Initialization, manipulation, and measurement of a three-spin qubit are demonstrated using a few-electron triple quantum dot, where all operations can be driven by tuning the nearest-neighbor exchange interaction. Multiplexed reflectometry, applied to two nearby charge sensors, allows for qubit readout. Decoherence is found to be consistent with predictions based on gate voltage noise with a uniform power spectrum. The theory of the exchange-only qubit is developed and it is shown that initialization of only two spins suffices for operation. Requirements for full multi-qubit control using only exchange and electrostatic interactions are outlined.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2005

Dephasing of a superconducting qubit induced by photon noise

We have studied the dephasing of a superconducting flux-qubit coupled to a DC-SQUID based oscillator. By varying the bias conditions of both circuits we were able to tune their effective coupling strength. This allowed us to measure the effect of such a controllable and well-characterized environment on the qubit coherence. We can quantitatively account for our data with a simple model in which thermal fluctuations of the photon number in the oscillator are the limiting factor. In particular, we observe a strong reduction of the dephasing rate whenever the coupling is tuned to zero. At the optimal point we find a large spin-echo decay time of $4 μs$.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2005

Detecting entanglement using a double quantum dot turnstile

We propose a scheme based on using the singlet ground state of an electron spin pair in a double quantum dot nanostructure as a suitable set-up for detecting entanglement between electron spins via the measurement of an optimal entanglement witness. Using time-dependent gate voltages and magnetic fields the entangled spins are separated and coherently rotated in the quantum dots and subsequently detected at spin-polarized quantum point contacts. We analyze the coherent time evolution of the entangled pair and show that by counting coincidences in the four exits an entanglement test can be done. This set-up is close to present-day experimental possibilities and can be used to produce pairs of entangled electrons ``on demand''.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2004

Relaxation and Dephasing in a Flux-qubit

We report detailed measurements of the relaxation and dephasing time in a flux-qubit measured by a switching DC SQUID. We studied their dependence on the two important circuit bias parameters: the externally applied magnetic flux and the bias current through the SQUID in two samples. We demonstrate two complementary strategies to protect the qubit from these decoherence sources. One consists in biasing the qubit so that its resonance frequency is stationary with respect to the control parameters ({\it optimal point}) ; the second consists in {\it decoupling} the qubit from current noise by chosing a proper bias current through the SQUID. At the decoupled optimal point, we measured long spin-echo decay times of up to $4 μs$.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2004

Low-bandwidth control scheme for an oscillator stabilized Josephson qubit

We introduce a new Josephson junction circuit for which quantum operations are realized by low-bandwidth, nearly adiabatic magnetic-flux pulses. Coupling to the fundamental mode of a superconducting transmission line permits a stabilization of the rotation angle of the quantum operation against flux noise. A complete scheme for one-qubit rotations, and high-visibility Ramsey-fringe oscillations, is given. We show that high visibility depends on passing through a portal in the space of applied fluxes, where the width of the portal is proportional to the ramp-up rate of the flux pulse.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2004

Determination of the tunnel rates through a few-electron quantum dot

We demonstrate how rate equations can be employed to find analytical expressions for the sequential tunneling current through a quantum dot as a function of the tunnel rates, for an arbitrary number of states involved. We apply this method at the one-to-two electron transition where the electron states are known exactly. By comparing the obtained expressions to experimental data, the tunnel rates for six transitions are extracted. We find that these rates depend strongly on the spin and orbital states involved in the tunnel process.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2004

Security Trade-offs in Ancilla-Free Quantum Bit Commitment in the Presence of Superselection Rules

Security trade-offs have been established for one-way bit commitment in quant-ph/0106019. We study this trade-off in two superselection settings. We show that for an `abelian' superselection rule (exemplified by particle conservation) the standard trade-off between sealing and binding properties still holds. For the non-abelian case (exemplified by angular momentum conservation) the security trade-off can be more subtle, which we illustrate by showing that if the bit-commitment is forced to be ancilla-free an asymptotically secure quantum bit commitment is possible.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2004

Rigorous Born Approximation and beyond for the Spin-Boson Model

Within the lowest-order Born approximation, we present an exact calculation of the time dynamics of the spin-boson model in the ohmic regime. We observe non-Markovian effects at zero temperature that scale with the system-bath coupling strength and cause qualitative changes in the evolution of coherence at intermediate times of order of the oscillation period. These changes could significantly affect the performance of these systems as qubits. In the biased case, we find a prompt loss of coherence at these intermediate times, whose decay rate is set by $\sqrtα$, where $α$ is the coupling strength to the environment. We also explore the calculation of the next order Born approximation: we show that, at the expense of very large computational complexity, interesting physical quantities can be rigorously computed at fourth order using computer algebra, presented completely in an accompanying Mathematica file. We compute the $O(α)$ corrections to the long time behavior of the system density matrix; the result is identical to the reduced density matrix of the equilibrium state to the same order in $α$. All these calculations indicate precision experimental tests that could confirm or refute the validity of the spin-boson model in a variety of systems.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2004

Charge detection enables free-electron quantum computation

It is known that a quantum computer operating on electron-spin qubits with single-electron Hamiltonians and assisted by single-spin measurements can be simulated efficiently on a classical computer. We show that the exponential speed-up of quantum algorithms is restored if single-charge measurements are added. These enable the construction of a CNOT (controlled NOT) gate for free fermions, using only beam splitters and spin rotations. The gate is nearly deterministic if the charge detector counts the number of electrons in a mode, and fully deterministic if it only measures the parity of that number.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2003

Spin-Orbit Coupling and Time-Reversal Symmetry in Quantum Gates

We study the effect of spin-orbit coupling on quantum gates produced by pulsing the exchange interaction between two single electron quantum dots. Spin-orbit coupling enters as a small spin precession when electrons tunnel between dots. For adiabatic pulses the resulting gate is described by a unitary operator acting on the four-dimensional Hilbert space of two qubits. If the precession axis is fixed, time-symmetric pulsing constrains the set of possible gates to those which, when combined with single qubit rotations, can be used in a simple CNOT construction. Deviations from time-symmetric pulsing spoil this construction. The effect of time asymmetry is studied by numerically integrating the Schrödinger equation using parameters appropriate for GaAs quantum dots. Deviations of the implemented gate from the desired form are shown to be proportional to dimensionless measures of both spin-orbit coupling and time asymmetry of the pulse.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗