Thermodynamic Framework for $q$-Affinity
We develop a thermodynamic framework for non-equilibrium affinities based on generalized entropies. In particular, we extend the classical concept of De Donder by introducing $q$-affinities associated with Rényi and Tsallis entropies. This in turn allows us to generalize thermodynamic driving forces to systems with long-range interactions and/or strong correlations. For Rényi entropy, we build on a thermodynamic interpretation due to Baez, where the entropy is expressed through finite differences of the Helmholtz free energy at two temperatures. This leads to a generalized thermodynamic potential whose derivative with respect to a reaction coordinate defines the Rényi $q$-affinity. The resulting expression admits a representation in terms of exponential work averages, establishing a connection to Jarzynski-type fluctuation relations. For Tsallis entropy, we consider Markov jump processes using a master-equation-based approach. We derive a $q$-deformed entropy balance law and obtain an explicit expression for the Tsallis entropy production rate, proving its non-negativity and thus recovering a generalized second-law structure. This allows to identify a local stochastic $q$-affinity with the generalized thermodynamic force entering the entropy production rate.