arXiv subjects

Daniela Muñoz-Giraldo

Publications and source records attributed to Daniela Muñoz-Giraldo.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

The Volans-Carina association An X-ray Bridge Between Younger and Older Stellar Populations

Nearby young moving groups (NYMGs) provide benchmarks for studying the evolution of magnetic activity and planetary environments at early ages. The Volans-Carina association (VCA), as a pre-main sequence association at a distance of ~90 pc, occupies a sparsely sampled region of parameter space between younger nearby associations and older distant open clusters. We have re-evaluated the membership probabilities of the VCA catalog presented in Gagne et al. (2018a) with BANYAN as well as updated kinematics from Gaia DR3. Stellar parameters were derived from multi-wavelength spectral energy distributions, with the obtained bolometric luminosity and effective temperature being used in combination with pre-main sequence evolutionary models to obtain an isochronal age of the association. We joined data from the SRG (Spectrum Roentgen Gamma)/eROSITA and ROSAT all-sky surveys with a dedicated XMM-Newton Large Programme to construct a comprehensive X-ray catalog. Our updated census of the VCA comprises 29 highly probable members, 30 candidate members, and four uncertain objects. Isochronal analysis of the association yields an age of 80+-20 Myr, consistent with previous estimates. We detect X-ray emission from 56 objects, reaching ~90% completeness, one of the most complete X-ray censuses achieved for a NYMG. Low-mass members and candidates (<0.6 Msolar) have X-ray to bolometric luminosity ratios around the canonical saturation limit (Lx/Lbol~10^-3). X-ray luminosity functions show the VCA to be consistent with the similarly aged Pleiades (in the F5 to M3 range) and significantly more active than the older Hyades (in the F5 to K4 range). The combination of an updated membership census and a nearly complete X-ray census establishes the VCA as a particularly robust calibration point for studies of the early evolution of coronal X-ray activity.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2026

Balmer decrements as a new diagnostic for period-bounce Cataclysmic Variable stars

Cataclysmic variable stars (CVs) evolve toward shorter orbital periods ($P_{\rm orb}$) until they reach a minimum $P_{\rm orb}$ near $P_{\rm orb}\sim80$ min. Beyond this point, the donor star becomes out of thermal equilibrium or increasingly degenerate, causing the system to "bounce back" to longer $P_{\rm orb}$ values. Such highly evolved systems are known as period-bouncers. Although 40-80\% of all CVs are expected to have reached this stage, period-bouncers come up for only 3-25\% of the observed CV population. This is likely a consequence of their intrinsic faintness associated with lower mass-transfer rates. Establishing new diagnostics to unveil this missing population is therefore crucial. Two samples of non-magnetic CVs with public SDSS optical spectra were constructed: one of short-period pre-bounce CVs and another of period-bounce CVs. For systems showing Balmer absorption from the white dwarf (WD), hydrogen-dominated atmosphere models were fitted and subtracted to correct for the WD component. H$α$, H$β$, and H$γ$ fluxes were measured. We then investigated statistical relations between the Balmer decrements, the H$β$ line luminosity, and $P_{\rm orb}$, and compared the measured Balmer decrements with theoretical predictions from accretion disc models. Short-period pre-bounce CVs show flat Balmer decrements, that is Balmer line ratios close to unity. In contrast, systems near and beyond the period minimum exhibit progressively steeper decrements (H$α$/H$β$>1 and H$γ$/H$β$<1). This behaviour is attributed to their lower mass accretion rates, as inferred from the H$β$ line luminosity. We fitted a linear logistic regression model to the diagram of H$γ$/H$β$ versus H$α$/H$β$. We establish that this diagnostic diagram effectively separates period-bouncers from pre-bounce CVs.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2025

A systematic search for orbital periods of polars with TESS. Methods, detection limits, and results

Context. Determining the orbital periods of cataclysmic variable stars (CVs) is essential for confirming candidates and for the understanding of their evolutionary state. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) provides month-long photometric data across nearly the entire sky that can be used to search for periodic variability in such systems. Aims. This study aims to identify and confirm the orbital periods for members of a recent compilation of magnetic CVs (known as polars) using TESS light curves. In addition, we set out to investigate their reliability, and hence the relevance of TESS for variability studies of CVs. Results. Ninety-five of the 217 polars in our sample have pipeline-produced TESS two-minute cadence light curves available. The results from our period search are overall in good agreement with the previously reported values. Out of the 95 analysed systems, 85 exhibit periods consistent with the literature values. Among the remaining ten objects, four are asynchronous polars, where TESS light curves resolve the orbital period, the white dwarf's spin period, and additional beat frequencies. For four systems, the periods detected from the TESS data differ from those previously reported. For two systems, a period detection was not possible. Our analysis of the flattened TESS light curves reveals a positive correlation between noise levels and TESS magnitude. Our noise level estimates resemble the rmsCDPP, a measure of white noise provided with the TESS pipeline products. However, our values for the noise level are systematically higher than the rmsCDPP indicating red noise and high-frequency signals hidden in the flattened light curves. Additionally, we present a statistical methodology to assess the reliability of period detections in TESS light curves. We find that for TESS magnitudes $\gtrsim$ 17, period detections become increasingly unreliable.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2025

eROSITA-selection of new period-bounce Cataclysmic Variables: First follow-up confirmation using TESS and SDSS

Between 40$\%$ and 80$\%$ of cataclysmic variables (CVs) are expected to have evolved past the period-minimum and contain a degenerate donor. However, observational surveys for CVs have only been able to detect a few of these highly evolved "period-bouncers", most likely due to the intrinsic faintness associated with their predicted low mass accretion rates. We have produced an initial selection of 137 high-likelihood period-bounce candidates from WD catalog based on our multiwavelength period-bouncer scorecard and selection cuts including X-ray data from the extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array (eROSITA) on board the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma spacecraft (SRG). We have laid out three main requirements (classification as a CV, determination of an orbital period and detection of a very late-type donor) that should result in the confirmation of several of these candidates. Our path for confirming these candidates has already produced its first successful result with the confirmation of GALEX J125751.4-283015 as a new period-bouncer. Several other candidates have already fulfilled at least one of our three requirements making their future confirmation likely. Our search for period-bouncers using the X-ray eROSITA emission of objects in optical WD catalogs has led to the confirmation of six new period-bouncers identified from the Gaia DR3 WD catalog (five previously known CVs and one WD candidate), a 18$\%$ increase that brings the present population to 39 systems. Both the selection method for period-bounce candidates and the confirmation path that we outlined will aid in future searches for new period-bounce candidates, contributing to the goal of resolving the discrepancy between the predicted high number of period-bouncers and the low number of these systems successfully observed to date.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2024

Cataclysmic variables around the period-bounce: An eROSITA-enhanced multi-wavelength catalog

Context. Cataclysmic variables with degenerate donors which have evolved past the period minimum, also known as period-bouncers, are predicted to make up a great portion of the cataclysmic variable population, between 40 and 70 percent. However, either due to shortcomings in the models or due to the intrinsic faintness of these strongly evolved systems, only a few have been confidently identified so far. Aims. We have compiled a multi-wavelength catalog of period-bouncers and cataclysmic variables around the period minimum from the literature in order to provide an in-depth characterization of the elusive subclass of period-bounce CVs that will help in the identification of new candidates. Methods. In this study we combine published or archival multi-wavelength data with new X-ray observations from the all-sky surveys carried out with the extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array (eROSITA) onboard the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma spacecraft (SRG). Our catalog comprises 192 cataclysmic variables around the period minimum that were chosen as likely period bounce candidates based on reported short orbital periods and low donor mass. This sample helped us establish specific selection parameters that have been used to compile a scorecard which rates a systems likelihood of being a period-bouncer. Results. Our scorecard correctly assigns high scores to the already confirmed period-bouncers in our literature catalog and it identifies 80 additional strong period-bounce candidates present in the literature that have not been classified as such. We established two selection cuts based on the X-ray-to-optical flux ratio and the typical X-ray luminosity observed from the 8 already confirmed period-bouncers with eROSITA data. These X-ray selection cuts led to the categorization of 5 systems as new period-bouncers, increasing their population number to 22 systems.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2023

New X-ray detections of magnetic period-bounce cataclysmic variables from XMM-Newton and SRG/eROSITA

A great portion of the cataclysmic variable population, between 40% and 70%, is predicted to be made up of period-bouncers, systems with degenerate donors that have evolved past the period minimum. However, due to their intrinsic faintness, only a few of these systems have been observed and confidently identified so far. We have searched for X-ray emission as a proof of accretion in order to confirm period-bounce cataclysmic variables. In a dedicated XMM-Newton observation of the period-bounce candidate SDSS J151415.65+074446.5 we discovered X-ray modulation at the binary orbital period confirming it as an accreting system. The X-ray light curve and the X-ray spectrum display characteristics of magnetic Polar-type systems allowing for the first time the determination of the X-ray luminosity and mass accretion rate for this system. Catalog data from eROSITA on the SRG satellite for V379 Vir and SDSS J125044.42+154957.4 allowed a first look into the X-ray behavior of period-bounce candidates with this new all-sky instrument. From the eROSITA measurements the X-ray luminosity and mass accretion rate were determined for the first time for SDSS J125044.42+154957.4, and the earlier result for V379 Vir from XMM-Newton was confirmed. All three cataclysmic variables with a magnetic white dwarf and very low-mass donor studied in this work present evidence for X-ray emission at a similar level of $L_{\rm x}\,{\rm [erg/s]} \approx 10^{29}$, which, together with the detection of X-ray orbital modulation in two of them, V379 Vir and SDSS J151415.65+074446.5, unambiguously proves the presence of accretion in these systems. The detection of these period-bouncers at faint X-ray luminosity levels with the all-sky X-ray survey eROSITA offers new prospects for the identification of additional period-bouncers, providing impetus for theoretical studies of binary evolution.

astro-ph.HE↗