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Danuta Makowiec

Publications and source records attributed to Danuta Makowiec.

18 recordsLinked to original sources

Private Weakly-Random Sequences from Human Heart Rate for Quantum Amplification

We investigate whether the heart rate can be treated as a semi-random source with the aim of amplification by quantum devices. We use a semi-random source model called $ε$-Santha-Vazirani source, which can be amplified via quantum protocols to obtain fully private random sequence. We analyze time intervals between consecutive heartbeats obtained from Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings of people of different sex and age. We propose several transformations of the original time series into binary sequences. We have performed different statistical randomness tests and estimated quality parameters. We find that the heart can be treated as good enough, and private by its nature, source of randomness, that every human possesses. As such, in principle it can be used as input to quantum device-independent randomness amplification protocols. The properly interpreted $ε$ parameter can potentially serve as a new characteristic of the human's heart from the perspective of medicine.

quant-ph

Visualization of short-term heart period variability with network tools as a method for quantifying autonomic drive

Signals from heart transplant recipients can be considered to be a natural source of information for a better understanding of the impact of the autonomic nervous system on the complexity of heart rate variability. Beat-to-beat heart rate variability can be represented as a network of increments between subsequent $RR$-intervals, which makes possible the visualization of short-term heart period fluctuations. A network is constructed of vertices representing increments between subsequent $RR$-intervals, and edges which connect adjacent $RR$-increments. Two modes of visualization of such a network are proposed. The method described is applied to nocturnal Holter signals recorded from healthy young people and from cardiac transplant recipients. Additionally, the analysis is performed on surrogate data: shuffled RR-intervals (to display short-range dependence), and shuffled phases of the Fourier Transform of RR-intervals (to filter out linear dependences). Important nonlinear properties of autonomic nocturnal regulation in short-term variability in healthy young persons are associated with $RR$-increments: accelerations and decelerations of a size greater than about 35 ms. They reveal that large accelerations are more likely antipersistent, while large decelerations are more likely persistent. Changes in $RR$-increments in a heart deprived of autonomic supervision are much lower than in a healthy individual, and appear to be maintained around a homeostatic state, but there are indications that this dynamics is nonlinear. The method is fruitful in the evaluation of the vagal activity - the quantity and quality of the vagal tone - during the nocturnal rest of healthy young people. The method also successfully extracts nonlinear effects related to intrinsic mechanisms of the heart regulation.

physics.data-an

Multifractal age? Multifractal analysis of cardiac interbeat intervals in assessing of healthy aging

24-hour Holter recordings of 124 healthy people at different age are studied. The nocturnal signals of young people reveal the presence of the multiplicative structure. This structure is significantly weaker in diurnal signals and becomes less evident for elderly people. Multifractal analysis allows us to propose qualitative and quantitative methods to estimate the advancement of the aging process for healthy humans.

physics.data-an

Multifractal analysis of normal RR heart-interbeat signals in power spectra ranges

Power spectral density is an accepted measure of heart rate variability. Two estimators of multifractal properties: Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima and Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis are used to investigate multifractal properties for the three strongly physiologically grounded components of power spectra: low frequency (LF), very low frequency (VLF) and ultra low frequency (ULV). Circadian rhythm changes are examined by discrimination of daily activity from nocturnal rest. Investigations consider normal sinus rhythms of healthy 39 subjects which are grouped in two sets: 5-hour wake series and 5-hour sleep series. Qualitative arguments are provided to conjecture the presence of stochastic persistence in LF range, loss of heart rate variability during night in VLF range and its increase in ULF.

q-bio.QM

Influence of stochastic delays in Seidel-Herzel model of human cardiorespiratory system

Experiments that discuss influence of noise to H. Seidel and H. Herzel dynamics model of human cardiovascular system are presented. Noise is introduced by considering stochastic delays in response to the sympathetic system. It appears that in the presence of the noise 10 s heart rate oscillations connected with Mayer waves are preserved. Moreover the heart rate becomes approximately normally distributed (even in unstable phase of original Seidel Herzel model), similarly like the real RR intervals data.

q-bio.TO

Evolving network - simulation study. From regular lattice to scale free network

The Watts-Strogatz algorithm of transferring the square lattice to a small world network is modified by introducing preferential rewiring constrained by connectivity demand. The evolution of the network is two-step: sequential preferential rewiring of edges controlled by $p$ and updating the information about changes done. The evolving system self-organizes into stationary states. The topological transition in the graph structure is noticed with respect to $p$. Leafy phase - a graph formed by multiple connected vertices (graph skeleton) with plenty of leaves attached to each skeleton vertex emerges when $p$ is small enough to pretend asynchronous evolution. Tangling phase where edges of a graph circulate frequently among low degree vertices occurs when $p$ is large. There exist conditions at which the resulting stationary network ensemble provides networks which degree distribution exhibit power-law decay in large interval of degrees.

cond-mat.stat-mech

Traffic Flow by Cellular Automata: the Effect of Maximal Car Velocity

Effects of large value assigned to the maximal car velocity on the fundamental diagrams in the Nagel-Schreckenberg model are studied by extended simulations. The function relating the flow in the congested traffic phase with the car density and deceleration probability is found numerically. Properties of the region of critical changes, so-called jamming transition parameters, are described in details. The basic model, modified by the assumption that for each car an individual velocity limit is assigned, is investigated in the aim to find the best supplementary rule allowing the jammed traffic to move with velocity larger than the slowest driving vehicle.

physics.soc-ph

Long-range dependencies in heart rate signals- revisited

The RR series extracted from human electrocardiogram signal (ECG) is considered as a fractal stochastic process. The manifestation of long-range dependencies is the presence of power laws in scale dependent process characteristics. Exponents of these laws: $β$ - describing power spectrum decay, $α$ - responsible for decay of detrended fluctuations or $H$ related to, so-called, roughness of a signal, are known to differentiate hearts of healthy people from hearts with congestive heart failure. There is a strong expectation that resolution spectrum of exponents, so-called, local exponents in place of global exponents allows to study differences between hearts in details. The arguments are given that local exponents obtained in multifractal analysis by the two methods: wavelet transform modulus maxima (WTMM) and multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MDFA), allow to recognize the following four stages of the heart: healthy and young, healthy and advance in years, subjects with left ventricle systolic dysfunction (NYHA I--III class) and characterized by severe congestive heart failure (NYHA III-IV class).

q-bio.TO

Quantitive and sociological analysis of blog networks

This paper examines the emerging phenomenon of blogging, using three different Polish blogging services as the base of the research. Authors show that blog networks are sharing their characteristics with complex networks gamma coefficients, small worlds, cliques, etc.). Elements of sociometric analysis were used to prove existence of some social structures in the blog networks.

physics.soc-ph

New Challenges in Cellular Automata Due to Network Geometry - Ferromagnetic Transition Study

Self-organization to ferromagnetic phase transition in cellular automata of spins governed by stochastic majority rule and when topology between spins is changed, is investigated numerically. Three types of edge rewiring are considered. The algorithm of Watts and Strogatz is applied at each time step to establish a network evolving stochastically (the first network). The preference functions are defined to amplify the role of strongly connected vertices (the second network). Demand to preserve graph connectivity provides the third way of edge rewiring. Each of these processes yields the different network: small-world, scattered nodes with one strongly connected component, and scale-free network when rewiring is properly adjusted. The stochastic majority rule applied to these networks can lead or not to ferromagnetic transition. Classical mean-field transition in case of the first and third network is observed. Scale-free ferromagnetic transition can be observed when rewiring is properly adjusted.

cond-mat.stat-mech

From regular lattice to scale free network - yet another algorithm

The Watts-Strogatz algorithm transferring a regular lattice to the small world network is modified by introducing preferential rewiring constrained by connectivity demand. The probability to link to/ unlink form a node is dependent on a vertex degree and adjusted by some threshold. For each threshold value there exists a probability at which the resulting stationary network has degree distribution with power-law decay in large interval of degrees.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci

Cellular automata with majority rule on evolving network

The cellular automata discrete dynamical system is considered as the two-stage process: the majority rule for the change in the automata state and the rule for the change in topological relations between automata. The influence of changing topology to the cooperative phenomena, namely zero-temperature ferromagnetic phase transition, is observed.

cond-mat.stat-mech

Another type of log-periodic oscillations on Polish stock market?

Log-periodic oscillations have been used to predict price trends and crashes on financial markets. So far two types of log-periodic oscillations have been associated with the real markets. The first type are oscillations which accompany a rising market and which ends in a crash. The second type oscillations, called "anti-bubbles" appear after a crash, when the prices decreases. Here, we propose the third type of log-periodic oscillations, where a exogenous crash initializes a log-periodic behavior of market, and the market is growing up. Such behavior has been identified on Polish stock market index between the "Russian crisis" (August 1998) and the "New Economy crash" in April 2000.

cond-mat.stat-mech

Stock Market Scale by Artificial Insymmetrised Patterns

Large and stable indices of the world wide stock markets such as NYSE and SP 500 together with NASDAQ -- the index representing markets of new trends, and WIG -- the index of the local stock market of Eastern Europe, are considered. Due to the relation between artificial insymmetrised patterns (AIP) and time series, stationary and temporary properties of stock market indices are identified. By filtering extreme events it is found that fluctuations are self-similar. Snap-shots in time lead to estimates for a temporary state of a market with respect to its history. It appears that close to a crash the AIP representation of a system becomes frozen.

cond-mat.stat-mech

Fluctuations Of WIG-the index of Warsaw Stock Exchange. Preliminary studies

A time series that represents daily values of the WIG index (the main index of Warsaw Stock Exchange) over last 5 years is examined. Non-Gaussian features of distributions of fluctuations, namely returns, over a time scale are considered. Some general properties like exponents of the long range correlation estimated by averaged volatility and detrended fluctuations analysis (DFA) as well as exponents describing a decay of tails of the cumulative distributions are found. Closing, the Zipf analysis for the WIG index time series translated into three letter text is presented.

cond-mat.stat-mech

Critical properties of Toom cellular automata

This paper is the continuation of our earlier considerations on cellular automata with Toom local rule (TCA) as the alternative to kinetic Ising systems. The arguments for TCA stationary states not being the equilibrium states are found in simulations.

cond-mat.stat-mech