arXiv subjects

David Akers

Publications and source records attributed to David Akers.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2004

Quantized Vibrations in Models of Dibaryons, Pentaquarks and Z* Resonances

The existence of quantized vibrations is utilized to explain narrow nucleon resonances below the pion threshold. A Goldstone boson with a mass of 35 MeV is derived from the experimental dibaryon masses. The quantum of 35 MeV is recognized as part of the Nambu empirical mass series. We present a few explanations to suggest why this light boson is difficult to locate in experiments. The KARMEN timing anomaly is discussed. The vibration-rotational model of elementary particles is reviewed in regards to the Diakonov-Petrov argument against mixing of these modes. The existence of a theta(1640)D03 partner to the theta(1540)+ is predicted.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2004

Vibration-Rotational Dynamics of Low-Mass Exotic Baryons

A Goldstone boson with a mass of 35 MeV is derived from the dibaryon masses found in the experimental data of B. Tatischeff et al. The existence of quantized vibrations is utilized to explain narrow width nucleon resonances below the pion-nucleon threshold. The quantum of 35 MeV is found between nucleon states with like spins and parities. Evidence of the 35 MeV quantum is in agreement with the mass operator method of the Fil'kov model for low-mass baryons and with the "light" pion concept of the Walcher particle-hole model. Azimov's idea of a low-lying baryon octet is revived with evidence from earlier experiments. The idea of rotational excitations is applied to the band structure of low-mass baryons in this paper.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2004

Rotational Spectra of the Baryons and Mesons

An investigation of the rotational spectra of baryons and mesons is conducted. Diakonov, Petrov and Polyakov claimed that all light baryons are rotational excitations. A study of the history of particle physics indicates that the ideas of rotational spectra can be originally attributed to a constituent-quark (CQ) model as proposed by Mac Gregor. Later research advanced spin-orbit splitting in a deformed model as suggested by Bhaduri and others. In the present work, we show from current data that the rotational spectra of baryons and mesons are in agreement with the original claims of Mac Gregor: namely, the values for the rotational energies Erot of particles merge with those of nuclear rotational bands in light nuclei. It is also shown that particles of different isotopic spins are separated in mass by a 70 MeV quantum, which is related to the SU(3) decuplet mass spacing as originally proposed by Gell-Mann.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2004

Rotational Spectra of the Exotic and Non-exotic Baryons

In the present paper, the rotational states of the baryons, dibaryons and baryon octets are shown. A comparison of the S = +1 theta baryons is made to the spectrum of the narrow width dibaryons. From this comparison, the rotational spectra of the exotic theta baryons are proposed. We analyze the importance of the 70 MeV quantum proposed by Mac Gregor and its relationship in the location of exotic baryons belonging to the antidecuplet. Antidecuplet mass separations are suggested on the order of the pion mass or 120 - 150 MeV from symmetry to the spectrums of the baryon decuplet and charmed baryons. A mass separation is possible on the order of the muon mass or 108 MeV as recently suggested by Diakonov and Petrov. However, the mass separation of 108 MeV introduces an asymmetry with respect to the mass separations as found in the baryon decuplet.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2003

Isotopic Tables of the Baryons and Mesons (2003)

A constituent-quark (CQ) mapping of all the baryon and meson resonances is listed for < 3000 MeV. The Isotopic Tables of the Baryons and Mesons (2003) are based upon the CQ Model of M. H. Mac Gregor. Hadrons in boldface are predictions of Mac Gregor. Hadrons in blue indicate rotational states. Predicted hadrons and their spins are indicated in red color. Underlined baryons indicate SU(3) decuplet for J = 3/2. The tables may be extended to charmed and bottom baryons or mesons at a later date. The table for the baryons is expanded to incorporate the recently discovered S = + 1 baryon. Additional rotational states of baryons are predicted.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2003

Fine Structure Constant in the Slope of Regge Trajectories

Recent research has indicated that meson and baryon Regge trajectories are nonlinear and that all current models are ruled out by data. Tang and Norbury have identified a number of properties for Regge trajectories: a test zone for linearity, divergence, parallelism and intersecting lines. Likewise, Inopin has reconstructed Regge trajectories for mesons and baryons, indicating that a majority of trajectories is grossly nonlinear. In most of the models for Regge trajectories, there is no indication that researchers have studied particle binding energies to explain the deviation of experimental data from theory. In terms of quark models, Mac Gregor has studied binding energies in the constituent quark (CQ) model, and we shall turn to this model for help in explaining the slope of meson Regge trajectories. PACS number(s): 12.40.Nn, 12.39.-x

hep-ph↗

arXiv2003

Constituent-Quark Model and New Particles

An elementary constituent-quark (CQ) model by Mac Gregor is reviewed with currently published data from light meson spectroscopy. It was previously shown in the CQ model that there existed several mass quanta m = 70 MeV, B = 140 MeV and X = 420 MeV, which were responsible for the quantization of meson yrast levels. The existence of a 70-MeV quantum was postulated by Mac Gregor and was shown to fit the Nambu empirical mass formula mn = (n/2)137me, n a positive integer. The 70-MeV quantum can be derived in three different ways: 1) pure electric coupling, 2) pure magnetic coupling, and 3) mixed electric and magnetic charges (dyons). Schwinger first introduced dyons in a magnetic model of matter. It is shown in this paper that recent data of new light mesons fit into the CQ model (a pure electric model) without the introduction of magnetic charges. However, by introducing electric and magnetic quarks (dyons) into the CQ model, new dynamical forces can be generated by the presence of magnetic fields internal to the quarks (dyons). The laws of angular momentum and of energy conservation are valid in the presence of magnetic charge. With the introduction of the Russell-Saunders coupling scheme into the CQ model, several new meson particles are predicted to exist. The existence of the f0(560) meson is predicted and is shown to fit current experimental data from the Particle Data Group listing. The existence of meson partners or groupings is shown.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2003

Baryons in the Constituent-Quark Model

An elementary constituent-quark (CQ) model of mesons was previously presented. In this paper, we continue research into a study of the baryons in the constituent-quark model. Mac Gregor proposed a comprehensive model of elementary particles for which both mesons and baryons shared common mass-band structure in quantized units of m = 70 MeV, B= 140 MeV and X = 420 MeV. A review of the baryon data is under taken for comparison with the CQ model. It is shown in this paper that baryons possess an isospin I related to the mass quantum m = 70 MeV and to the B = 140 MeV quantum (or the mass of the pion). In order to establish a consistency with the quark model of Gell-Mann, we identify the SU(3) baryon decuplet as a standard feature to be maintained with only slight changes to the constituent-quark masses. By insisting on the J = 3/2, P-states of the SU(3) baryon decuplet to be in the same CQ excitation states, we are lead to establish baryon cores in the P-states with J = 1/2. Core corrections to Mac Gregor's CQ model of baryons are presented. Exact shell structure is found among all the baryons regardless of isospin as evidenced in the data from the Particle Data Group listing. New baryons are predicted to exist.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2003

Evidence for Magnetic Fields in Light Meson Spectra

Mac Gregor's constituent-quark model is reviewed with currently published data from light meson spectroscopy. It was previously shown that magnetic sources were responsible for the quantization of several mass-splittings in Mac Gregor's model. The existence of a 70-MeV quantum was postulated by Mac Gregor and was shown to fit the Nambu empirical mass formula mn = (n/2)137me, n a positive integer. It is shown in this paper that the light meson spectra also fit into the constituent-quark model and are in agreement with the Russell-Saunders coupling scheme. The existence of magnetic fields is suggested by the successful accounting of these meson spectra.

hep-ph↗