arXiv subjects

David Mora

Publications and source records attributed to David Mora.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Virtual element approximations for distributed or Neumann boundary optimal control problems governed by poroelasticity equation

This paper investigate the conforming virtual element method for the optimal control problem governed by the linear poroelasticity equation. Both distributed control and Neumann boundary controls are considered with the optimize-then-discretize approach. We establish the well-posedness of the discrete state and adjoint problems in three-field formulation by deriving the first-order optimality condition. The optimal a priori error estimates are developed through a novel poroelastic projection for both control problems, and these estimates are uniform with respect to the relevant physical parameters of the model problem. Moreover, the numerical experiments are carried out using the primal dual active set strategy, and demonstrate the support for the derived theoretical results.

math.OC↗

arXiv2026

Stream function -- pressure virtual element methods for the Stokes--Darcy interface problem

This paper introduces a novel Virtual Element Method (VEM) for the coupled Stokes--Darcy system in primal-primal form. In the free-flow Stokes domain, we implement a stream function formulation that inherently satisfies the incompressibility constraint and reduces computational cost. Across the interface, mass conservation, normal stress balance, and the Beavers--Joseph--Saffman slip condition are enforced to couple the biharmonic stream function equation with the Darcy's pressure equation. Leveraging VEM's ability to handle general polygonal meshes, the proposed method naturally accommodates irregular interface geometries without requiring remeshing or adaptive refinement. The accuracy of the method is validated through several numerical simulations that include applications to dead-end filtration, and network flow in bioartificial organs.

math.NA↗

arXiv2026

Nitsche-based FEM for the Laplace eigenvalue problem: spectral approximation and a posteriori error analysis

In this paper, we present the numerical analysis of an elliptic eigenvalue problem in which the essential boundary condition is imposed weakly by means of the Nitsche method. The resulting discrete eigenvalue problem is studied within the framework of compact operator theory. We prove norm convergence of the discrete solution operator and derive error estimates for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, with rates depending on the chosen Nitsche variant. In addition, we develop an a posteriori error analysis and propose a residual-based estimator suitable for adaptive refinement. Several numerical experiments are presented to assess the convergence, stability and robustness of the method, including the influence of the Nitsche stabilization parameter and the performance of the adaptive strategy.

math.NA↗

arXiv2026

Tiny Aya: Bridging Scale and Multilingual Depth

Tiny Aya redefines what a small multilingual language model can achieve. Trained on 70 languages and refined through region-aware posttraining, it delivers state-of-the-art in translation quality, strong multilingual understanding, and high-quality target-language generation, all with just 3.35B parameters. The release includes a pretrained foundation model, a globally balanced instruction-tuned variant, and three region-specialized models targeting languages from Africa, South Asia, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and West Asia. This report details the training strategy, data composition, and comprehensive evaluation framework behind Tiny Aya, and presents an alternative scaling path for multilingual AI: one centered on efficiency, balanced performance across languages, and practical deployment.

cs.CL↗

arXiv2026

Nonconforming virtual element methods for fourth-order nonlinear reaction-diffusion systems: a unified framework and analysis

We develop a unified framework for the design and analysis of high-order nonconforming virtual element methods for nonlinear fourth-order reaction--diffusion problems in two dimensions, with emphasis on clamped, Navier, and Cahn--Hilliard-type boundary conditions. Time discretization is performed using the backward Euler scheme, while the spatial approximation relies on nonconforming virtual element spaces of arbitrary order $k \ge 2$, encompassing both $C^0$-nonconforming and Morley-type methods. A key contribution of this work is the development of a novel and rigorous unified error analysis for these numerical schemes, applicable to domains that are not necessarily convex, differing from the existing literature. By introducing a class of Companion operators, we construct novel Ritz-type projections and derive a new error equation that enables us to obtain optimal error estimates for the scheme under a minimal spatial regularity assumption on the weak solution. Finally, we present numerical experiments on polygonal meshes as applications of the proposed framework, including the extended Fisher--Kolmogorov equation, and a fourth-order model with Cahn--Hilliard-type boundary conditions, which validate the theoretical results and illustrate the performance of the method for the three classes of boundary conditions.

math.NA↗

arXiv2025

Finite element analysis for a Herrmann pressure formulation of the elastoacoustic problem with variable coefficients

In two and three dimensions, this study is focused on the numerical analysis of an eigenproblem associated with a fluid-structure model for sloshing and elasto-acoustic vibration. We use a displacement-Herrmann pressure formulation for the solid, while for the fluid, a pure displacement formulation is considered. Under this approach we propose a non conforming locking-free method based on classic finite elements to approximate the natural frequencies (of the eigenmodes) of the coupled system. Employing the theory for non-compact operators we prove convergence and error estimates. Also we propose an a posteriori error estimator for this coupled problem which is shown to be efficient and reliable. All the presented theory is contrasted with a set of numerical tests in 2D and 3D.

math.NA↗

arXiv2025

The Art of Asking: Multilingual Prompt Optimization for Synthetic Data

Synthetic data has become a cornerstone for scaling large language models, yet its multilingual use remains bottlenecked by translation-based prompts. This strategy inherits English-centric framing and style and neglects cultural dimensions, ultimately constraining model generalization. We argue that the overlooked prompt space-the very inputs that define training distributions-offers a more powerful lever for improving multilingual performance. We introduce a lightweight framework for prompt-space optimization, where translated prompts are systematically transformed for Naturalness, Cultural Adaptation, and Difficulty Enhancement. Using an off-the-shelf multilingual LLM, we apply these transformations to prompts for 12 languages spanning 7 families. Under identical data conditions, our approaches achieve substantial and consistent downstream improvements over the translation-only baseline: +4.7% on Global-MMLU accuracy, +2.4% on Flores XCometXL and +35.3% wins in preferences on mArenaHard. We establish prompt-space optimization as a simple yet powerful paradigm for building multilingual LLMs that are more robust, culturally grounded, and globally capable.

cs.CL↗

arXiv2024

Nitsche stabilized Virtual element approximations for a Brinkman problem with mixed boundary conditions

In this paper, we formulate, analyse and implement the discrete formulation of the Brinkman problem with mixed boundary conditions, including slip boundary condition, using the Nitsche's technique for virtual element methods. The divergence conforming virtual element spaces for the velocity function and piecewise polynomials for pressure are approached for the discrete scheme. We derive a robust stability analysis of the Nitsche stabilized discrete scheme for this model problem. We establish an optimal and vigorous a priori error estimates of the discrete scheme with constants independent of the viscosity. Moreover, a set of numerical tests demonstrates the robustness with respect to the physical parameters and verifies the derived convergence results.

math.NA↗

arXiv2024

Divergence conforming finite element methods for flow-transport coupling with osmotic effects

We propose a model for the coupling of flow and transport equations with porous membrane-type conditions on part of the boundary. The governing equations consist of the incompressible Navier--Stokes equations coupled with an advection-diffusion equation, and we employ a Lagrange multiplier to enforce the coupling between penetration velocity and transport on the membrane, while mixed boundary conditions are considered in the remainder of the boundary. We show existence and uniqueness of the continuous problem using a fixed-point argument. Next, an H(div)-conforming finite element formulation is proposed, and we address its a priori error analysis. The method uses an upwind approach that provides stability in the convection-dominated regime. We showcase a set of numerical examples validating the theory and illustrating the use of the new methods in the simulation of reverse osmosis processes.

math.NA↗

arXiv2023

Finite element analysis of the nearly incompressible linear elasticity eigenvalue problem with variable coefficients

In this paper we present a mathematical and numerical analysis of an eigenvalue problem associated to the elasticity-Stokes equations stated in two and three dimensions. Both problems are related through the Herrmann pressure. Employing the Babu\v ska--Brezzi theory, it is proved that the resulting continuous and discrete variational formulations are well-posed. In particular, the finite element method is based on general inf-sup stables pairs for the Stokes system, such that, Taylor--Hood finite elements. By using a general approximation theory for compact operators, we obtain optimal order error estimates for the eigenfunctions and a double order for the eigenvalues. Under mild assumptions, we have that these estimates hold with constants independent of the Lam\'e coefficient $\lambda$. In addition, we carry out the reliability and efficiency analysis of a residual-based a posteriori error estimator for the spectral problem. We report a series of numerical tests in order to assess the performance of the method and its behavior when the nearly incompressible case of elasticity is considered.

math.NA↗

arXiv2023

Virtual element methods for Biot-Kirchhoff poroelasticity

This paper analyses conforming and nonconforming virtual element formulations of arbitrary polynomial degrees on general polygonal meshes for the coupling of solid and fluid phases in deformable porous plates. The governing equations consist of one fourth-order equation for the transverse displacement of the middle surface coupled with a second-order equation for the pressure head relative to the solid with mixed boundary conditions. We propose novel enrichment operators that connect nonconforming virtual element spaces of general degree to continuous Sobolev spaces. These operators satisfy additional orthogonal and best-approximation properties (referred to as a conforming companion operator in the context of finite element methods), which play an important role in the nonconforming methods. This paper proves a priori error estimates in the best-approximation form, and derives residual--based reliable and efficient a posteriori error estimates in appropriate norms, and shows that these error bounds are robust with respect to the main model parameters. The computational examples illustrate the numerical behaviour of the suggested virtual element discretisations and confirm the theoretical findings on different polygonal meshes with mixed boundary conditions.

math.NA↗

arXiv2023

Numerical solution of the Biot/elasticity interface problem using virtual element methods

We propose, analyze and implement a virtual element discretization for an interfacial poroelasticity-elasticity consolidation problem. The formulation of the time-dependent poroelasticity equations uses displacement, fluid pressure, and total pressure, and the elasticity equations are written in the displacement-pressure formulation. The construction of the virtual element scheme does not require Lagrange multipliers to impose the transmission conditions (continuity of displacement and total traction, and no-flux for the fluid) on the interface. We show the stability and convergence of the virtual element method for different polynomial degrees, and the error bounds are robust with respect to delicate model parameters (such as Lame constants, permeability, and storativity coefficient). Finally, we provide numerical examples that illustrate the properties of the scheme.

math.NA↗

arXiv2022

A finite element model for concentration polarization and osmotic effects in a membrane channel

In this paper we study a mathematical model that represents the concentration polarization and osmosis effects in a reverse osmosis cross-flow channel with porous membranes at some of its boundaries. The fluid is modeled using the Navier-Stokes equations and Darcy's law is used to impose the momentum balance on the membrane. The scheme consist of a conforming finite element method with the velocity-pressure formulation for the Navier-Stokes equations, together with a primal scheme for the convection-diffusion equations. The Nitsche method is used to impose the permeability condition across the membrane. Several numerical experiments are performed to show the robustness of the method. The resulting model accurately replicates the analytical models and predicts similar results to previous works. It is found that the submerged configuration has the highest permeate production, but also has the greatest pressure loss of all three configurations studied.

math.NA↗

arXiv2022

Discontinuous Galerkin methods for the acoustic vibration problem

In two and three dimension we analyze discontinuous Galerkin methods for the acoustic problem. The acoustic fluid that we consider on this paper is inviscid, leading to a linear eigenvalue problem. The acoustic problem is written, in first place, in terms of the displacement. Under the approach of the non-compact operators theory, we prove convergence and error estimates for the method when the displacement formulation is considered. We analyze the influence of the stabilization parameter on the computation of the spectrum, where spurious eigenmodes arise when this parameter is not correctly chosen. Alternatively we present the formulation depending only on the pressure, comparing the performance of the DG methods with the pure displacement formulation. Computationally, we study the influence of the stabilization parameter on the arising of spurious eigenvalues when the spectrum is computed. Also, we report tests in two and three dimensions where convergence rates are reported, together with a comparison between the displacement and pressure formulations for the proposed DG methods.

math.NA↗

arXiv2022

A virtual element method on polyhedral meshes for the sixth-order elliptic problem

In this work we analyze a virtual element method on polyhedral meshes for solving the sixth-order elliptic problem with simply supported boundary conditions. We apply the Ciarlet-Raviart arguments to introduce an auxiliary unknown $\sigma:=-\Delta^2 u$ and to search the main uknown $u$ in the $H^2\cap H_0^1$ Sobolev space. The virtual element discretization is well possed on a $C^1\times C^0$ virtual element spaces. We also provide the convergence and error estimates results. Finally, we report a series of numerical tests to verify the performance of numerical scheme.

math.NA↗

arXiv2022

A posteriori virtual element method for the acoustic vibration problem

In two dimensions, we propose and analyze an a posteriori error estimator for the acoustic spectral problem based on the virtual element method in $\H(\div;\Omega)$. Introducing an auxiliary unknown, we use the fact that the primal formulation of the acoustic problem is equivalent to a mixed formulation, in order to prove a superconvergence result, necessary to despise high order terms. Under the virtual element approach, we prove that our local indicator is reliable and globally efficient in the $\L^2$-norm. We provide numerical results to assess the performance of the proposed error estimator.

math.NA↗

arXiv2021

Robust a posteriori error analysis for rotation-based formulations of the elasticity/poroelasticity coupling

We develop the \textit{a posteriori} error analysis of three mixed finite element formulations for rotation-based equations in elasticity, poroelasticity, and interfacial elasticity-poroelasticity. The discretisations use $H^1$-conforming finite elements of degree $k+1$ for displacement and fluid pressure, and discontinuous piecewise polynomials of degree $k$ for rotation vector, total pressure, and elastic pressure. Residual-based estimators are constructed, and upper and lower bounds (up to data oscillations) for all global estimators are rigorously derived. The methods are all robust with respect to the model parameters (in particular, the Lam\'e constants), they are valid in 2D and 3D, and also for arbitrary polynomial degree $k\geq 0$. The error behaviour predicted by the theoretical analysis is then demonstrated numerically on a set of computational examples including different geometries on which we perform adaptive mesh refinement guided by the \textit{a posteriori} error estimators.

math.NA↗

arXiv2021

Numerical analysis of a new formulation for the Oseen equations in terms of vorticity and Bernoulli pressure

A variational formulation is introduced for the Oseen equations written in terms of vor\-ti\-city and Bernoulli pressure. The velocity is fully decoupled using the momentum balance equation, and it is later recovered by a post-process. A finite element method is also proposed, consisting in equal-order N\'ed\'elec finite elements and piecewise continuous polynomials for the vorticity and the Bernoulli pressure, respectively. The {\it a priori} error analysis is carried out in the $\mathrm{L}^2$-norm for vorticity, pressure, and velocity; under a smallness assumption either on the convecting velocity, or on the mesh parameter. Furthermore, an {\it a posteriori} error estimator is designed and its robustness and efficiency are studied using weighted norms. Finally, a set of numerical examples in 2D and 3D is given, where the error indicator serves to guide adaptive mesh refinement. These tests illustrate the behaviour of the new formulation in typical flow conditions, and they also confirm the theoretical findings.

math.NA↗