arXiv subjects

David V. Baxter

Publications and source records attributed to David V. Baxter.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2021

Compact ultracold neutron source concept for low energy accelerator-driven neutron sources

The concept of a small-scale, pulsed-proton accelerator based compact ultracold neutron (UCN) source is presented. The essential idea of the compact UCN source is to enclose a volume of superfluid $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ converter with a supercold moderator in the vicinity of a low-radiation neutron production target from (p, n) reactions. The supercold moderator should possess an ability to produce cold neutron flux with a peak brightness near the single-phonon excitation band of the superfluid $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ converter, thereby augmenting the UCN production in the compact UCN source even with very low intensity of neutron brightness. The performance of the compact UCN source is studied in terms of the UCN production and thermal load in the UCN converter. With the proposed concept of the compact UCN source, a UCN production rate of $P_{\mathrm{UCN}}=80\mathrm{UCN}/\mathrm{cc}/\mathrm{sec}$ in the UCN converter could be obtained while maintaining thermal load of on the superfluid $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ and its container at a level of $22\mathrm{mW}$. This study shows that the compact UCN source can produce a high enough density of UCN at a small-scale, low-energy, pulsed-proton beam facility with reduced efforts on the cooling and radiation protection.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2019

An Operator Analysis of Contextuality Witness Measurements for Multimode-Entangled Single Neutron Interferometry

We develop an operator-based description of two types of multimode-entangled single-neutron quantum optical devices: Wollaston prisms and radio-frequency spin flippers in inclined magnetic field gradients. This treatment is similar to the approach used in quantum optics, and is convenient for the analysis of quantum contextuality measurements in certain types of neutron interferometers. We describe operationally the way multimode-entangled single-neutron states evolve in these devices, and provide expressions for the associated operators describing the dynamics, in the limit in which the neutron state space is approximated by a finite tensor product of distinguishable subsystems. We design entangled-neutron interferometers to measure entanglement witnesses for the Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holt, and Mermin inequalities, and compare the theoretical predictions with recent experimental results. We present the generalization of these expressions to $n$ entangled distinguishable subsystems, which could become relevant in the future if it becomes possible to add neutron orbital angular momentum to the experimentally-accessible list of entangled modes. We view this work as a necessary first step towards a theoretical description of entangled neutron scattering from strongly entangled matter, and we explain why it should be possible to formulate a useful generalization of the usual Van Hove linear response theory for this case. We also briefly describe some other scientific extensions and applications which can benefit from interferometric measurements using the types of single-neutron multimode entanglement described by this analysis.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2016

Project X: Physics Opportunities

Part 2 of "Project X: Accelerator Reference Design, Physics Opportunities, Broader Impacts". In this Part, we outline the particle-physics program that can be achieved with Project X, a staged superconducting linac for intensity-frontier particle physics. Topics include neutrino physics, kaon physics, muon physics, electric dipole moments, neutron-antineutron oscillations, new light particles, hadron structure, hadron spectroscopy, and lattice-QCD calculations. Part 1 is available as arXiv:1306.5022 [physics.acc-ph] and Part 3 is available as arXiv:1306.5024 [physics.acc-ph].

hep-ex↗

arXiv2008

A Microscpoic Model for the Neutron Dynamic Structure Factor of Solid Methane in phase II

We have constructed an approximate microscopic model for the neutron dynamic structure factor of solid methane in phase II. We expect our model to apply for neutron energies below 1\textit{eV} at pressures near 1 bar and temperatures below 20K, where solid methane exists in a phase, called phase II, in which the tetrahedral hydrogens exist in a mixed phase of free rotors and hindered rotors. Certain matrix elements needed for the dynamic structure factor $S(Q, ω)$ are adapted from a calculation by Ozaki \textit{et al.}\cite{ozaki:3442}\cite{ozaki2}. The model treats the effects of molecular translations, intramolecular vibrations and the free and hindered rotational degrees of freedom as uncoupled ones. Total scattering cross sections calculated from the model agree with the cross section measurements of Grieger\cite{grieger:3161} and Whittemore\cite{Wittemore} for the incident neutron energies of 0.5 \textit{meV} $\sim$ 1\textit{eV}. The effective density of states extracted from the model was compared with the Harker $&$ Brugger frequency spectrum extracted from neutron scattering measurements conducted at 22K\cite{HARKER1967}.

physics.atom-ph↗

arXiv2007

The Neutron Energy Spectrum Study from the Phase II Solid Methane Moderator at the LENS Neutron Source

Neutron energy spectrum measurements from a solid methane moderator were performed at the Low Energy Neutron Source (LENS) at Indiana University Cyclotron Facility (IUCF) to verify our neutron scattering model of solid methane. The time-of-flight method was used to measure the energy spectrum of the moderator in the energy range of 0.1$meV\sim$ 1$eV$. Neutrons were counted with a high efficiency $^{3}{He}$ detector. The solid methane moderator was operated in phase II temperature and the energy spectra were measured at the temperatures of 20K and 4K. We have also tested our newly-developed scattering kernels for phase II solid methane by calculating the neutron spectral intensity expected from the methane moderator at the LENS neutron source using MCNP (Monte Carlo N-particle Transport Code). Within the expected accuracy of our approximate approach, our model predicts both the neutron spectral intensity and the optimal thickness of the moderator at both temperatures. The predictions are compared to the measured energy spectra. The simulations agree with the measurement data at both temperatures.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2004

High-Temperature Hall Effect in Ga(1-x)Mn(x)As

The temperature dependence of the Hall coefficient of a series of ferromagnetic Ga(1-x)Mn(x)As samples is measured in the temperature range 80K < T < 500K. We model the Hall coefficient assuming a magnetic susceptibility given by the Curie-Weiss law, a spontaneous Hall coefficient proportional to rho_xx^2(T), and including a constant diamagnetic contribution in the susceptibility. For all low resistivity samples this model provides excellent fits to the measured data up to T=380K and allows extraction of the hole concentration (p). The calculated p are compared to alternative methods of determining hole densities in these materials: pulsed high magnetic field (up to 55 Tesla) technique at low temperatures (less than the Curie temperature), and electrochemical capacitance- voltage profiling. We find that the Anomalous Hall Effect (AHE) contribution to rho_xy is substantial even well above the Curie temperature. Measurements of the Hall effect in this temperature regime can be used as a testing ground for theoretical descriptions of transport in these materials. We find that our data are consistent with recently published theories of the AHE, but they are inconsistent with theoretical models previously used to describe the AHE in conventional magnetic materials.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2002

Measurements of the Complex Conductivity of NbxSi1-x Alloys on the Insulating Side of the Metal-Insulator Transition

We have conducted temperature and frequency dependent transport measurements in amorphous Nb_x Si_{1-x} samples in the insulating regime. We find a temperature dependent dc conductivity consistent with variable range hopping in a Coulomb glass. The frequency dependent response in the millimeter-wave frequency range can be described by the expression $sigma(omega) \propto (-\imath omega)^alpha$ with the exponent somewhat smaller than one. Our ac results are not consistent with extant theories for the hopping transport.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2002

Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$As

We have measured the magnetoresistance in a series of Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$As samples with 0.033$\le x \le$ 0.053 for three mutually orthogonal orientations of the applied magnetic field. The spontaneous resistivity anisotropy (SRA) in these materials is negative (i.e. the sample resistance is higher when its magnetization is perpendicular to the measuring current than when the two are parallel) and has a magnitude on the order of 5% at temperatures near 10K and below. This stands in contrast to the results for most conventional magnetic materials where the SRA is considerably smaller in magnitude for those few cases in which a negative sign is observed. The magnitude of the SRA drops from its maximum at low temperatures to zero at T$_C$ in a manner that is consistent with mean field theory. These results should provide a significant test for emerging theories of transport in this new class of materials.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv1998

Temperature-frequency scaling in amorphous niobium-silicon near the metal-insulator transition

Millimeter-wave transmission measurements have been performed in amorphous niobium-silicon alloy samples where the DC conductivity follows the critical temperature dependence $σ_{dc} \propto T^{1/2}$. The real part of the conductivity is obtained at eight frequencies in the range 87--1040 GHz for temperatures 2.6 K and above. In the quantum regime ($\hbar ω> k_B T$) the real part of the high-frequency conductivity has a power-law frequency dependence $Re~σ(ω) \propto ω^{1/2}$. For temperatures 16 K and below the data exhibits temperature-frequency scaling predicted by theories of dynamics near quantum-critical points.

cond-mat.dis-nn↗