arXiv subjects

Decheng Liu

Publications and source records attributed to Decheng Liu.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2023

Toward Trustworthy Identity Tracing via Multi-attribute Synergistic Identification

Identity tracing is a technology that uses the selection and collection of identity attributes of the object to be tested to discover its true identity, and it is one of the most important foundational issues in the field of social security prevention. However, traditional identity recognition technologies based on single attributes have difficulty achieving ultimate recognition accuracy, where deep learning-based model always lacks interpretability. Multivariate attribute collaborative identification is a possible key way to overcome the mentioned recognition errors and low data quality problems. In this paper, we propose the Trustworthy Identity Tracing (TIT) task and a Multi-attribute Synergistic Identification based TIT framework. We first established a novel identity model based on identity entropy theoretically. The individual conditional identity entropy and core identification set are defined to reveal the intrinsic mechanism of multivariate attribute collaborative identification. Based on the proposed identity model, we propose a trustworthy identity tracing framework (TITF) with multi-attribute synergistic identification to determine the identity of unknown objects, which can optimize the core identification set and provide an interpretable identity tracing process. Actually, the essence of identity tracing is revealed to be the process of the identity entropy value converging to zero. To cope with the lack of test data, we construct a dataset of 1000 objects to simulate real-world scenarios, where 20 identity attributes are labeled to trace unknown object identities. The experiment results conducted on the mentioned dataset show the proposed TITF algorithm can achieve satisfactory identification performance.

cs.IR↗

arXiv2023

Gradient constrained sharpness-aware prompt learning for vision-language models

This paper targets a novel trade-off problem in generalizable prompt learning for vision-language models (VLM), i.e., improving the performance on unseen classes while maintaining the performance on seen classes. Comparing with existing generalizable methods that neglect the seen classes degradation, the setting of this problem is more strict and fits more closely with practical applications. To solve this problem, we start from the optimization perspective, and leverage the relationship between loss landscape geometry and model generalization ability. By analyzing the loss landscapes of the state-of-the-art method and vanilla Sharpness-aware Minimization (SAM) based method, we conclude that the trade-off performance correlates to both loss value and loss sharpness, while each of them is indispensable. However, we find the optimizing gradient of existing methods cannot maintain high relevance to both loss value and loss sharpness during optimization, which severely affects their trade-off performance. To this end, we propose a novel SAM-based method for prompt learning, denoted as Gradient Constrained Sharpness-aware Context Optimization (GCSCoOp), to dynamically constrain the optimizing gradient, thus achieving above two-fold optimization objective simultaneously. Extensive experiments verify the effectiveness of GCSCoOp in the trade-off problem.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2023

Hierarchical Forgery Classifier On Multi-modality Face Forgery Clues

Face forgery detection plays an important role in personal privacy and social security. With the development of adversarial generative models, high-quality forgery images become more and more indistinguishable from real to humans. Existing methods always regard as forgery detection task as the common binary or multi-label classification, and ignore exploring diverse multi-modality forgery image types, e.g. visible light spectrum and near-infrared scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel Hierarchical Forgery Classifier for Multi-modality Face Forgery Detection (HFC-MFFD), which could effectively learn robust patches-based hybrid domain representation to enhance forgery authentication in multiple-modality scenarios. The local spatial hybrid domain feature module is designed to explore strong discriminative forgery clues both in the image and frequency domain in local distinct face regions. Furthermore, the specific hierarchical face forgery classifier is proposed to alleviate the class imbalance problem and further boost detection performance. Experimental results on representative multi-modality face forgery datasets demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed HFC-MFFD compared with state-of-the-art algorithms. The source code and models are publicly available at https://github.com/EdWhites/HFC-MFFD.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2023

Attention Consistency Refined Masked Frequency Forgery Representation for Generalizing Face Forgery Detection

Due to the successful development of deep image generation technology, visual data forgery detection would play a more important role in social and economic security. Existing forgery detection methods suffer from unsatisfactory generalization ability to determine the authenticity in the unseen domain. In this paper, we propose a novel Attention Consistency Refined masked frequency forgery representation model toward generalizing face forgery detection algorithm (ACMF). Most forgery technologies always bring in high-frequency aware cues, which make it easy to distinguish source authenticity but difficult to generalize to unseen artifact types. The masked frequency forgery representation module is designed to explore robust forgery cues by randomly discarding high-frequency information. In addition, we find that the forgery attention map inconsistency through the detection network could affect the generalizability. Thus, the forgery attention consistency is introduced to force detectors to focus on similar attention regions for better generalization ability. Experiment results on several public face forgery datasets (FaceForensic++, DFD, Celeb-DF, and WDF datasets) demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method compared with the state-of-the-art methods.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2023

FedForgery: Generalized Face Forgery Detection with Residual Federated Learning

With the continuous development of deep learning in the field of image generation models, a large number of vivid forged faces have been generated and spread on the Internet. These high-authenticity artifacts could grow into a threat to society security. Existing face forgery detection methods directly utilize the obtained public shared or centralized data for training but ignore the personal privacy and security issues when personal data couldn't be centralizedly shared in real-world scenarios. Additionally, different distributions caused by diverse artifact types would further bring adverse influences on the forgery detection task. To solve the mentioned problems, the paper proposes a novel generalized residual Federated learning for face Forgery detection (FedForgery). The designed variational autoencoder aims to learn robust discriminative residual feature maps to detect forgery faces (with diverse or even unknown artifact types). Furthermore, the general federated learning strategy is introduced to construct distributed detection model trained collaboratively with multiple local decentralized devices, which could further boost the representation generalization. Experiments conducted on publicly available face forgery detection datasets prove the superior performance of the proposed FedForgery. The designed novel generalized face forgery detection protocols and source code would be publicly available.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2023

MMNet: Multi-Collaboration and Multi-Supervision Network for Sequential Deepfake Detection

Advanced manipulation techniques have provided criminals with opportunities to make social panic or gain illicit profits through the generation of deceptive media, such as forged face images. In response, various deepfake detection methods have been proposed to assess image authenticity. Sequential deepfake detection, which is an extension of deepfake detection, aims to identify forged facial regions with the correct sequence for recovery. Nonetheless, due to the different combinations of spatial and sequential manipulations, forged face images exhibit substantial discrepancies that severely impact detection performance. Additionally, the recovery of forged images requires knowledge of the manipulation model to implement inverse transformations, which is difficult to ascertain as relevant techniques are often concealed by attackers. To address these issues, we propose Multi-Collaboration and Multi-Supervision Network (MMNet) that handles various spatial scales and sequential permutations in forged face images and achieve recovery without requiring knowledge of the corresponding manipulation method. Furthermore, existing evaluation metrics only consider detection accuracy at a single inferring step, without accounting for the matching degree with ground-truth under continuous multiple steps. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel evaluation metric called Complete Sequence Matching (CSM), which considers the detection accuracy at multiple inferring steps, reflecting the ability to detect integrally forged sequences. Extensive experiments on several typical datasets demonstrate that MMNet achieves state-of-the-art detection performance and independent recovery performance.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2022

TransFA: Transformer-based Representation for Face Attribute Evaluation

Face attribute evaluation plays an important role in video surveillance and face analysis. Although methods based on convolution neural networks have made great progress, they inevitably only deal with one local neighborhood with convolutions at a time. Besides, existing methods mostly regard face attribute evaluation as the individual multi-label classification task, ignoring the inherent relationship between semantic attributes and face identity information. In this paper, we propose a novel \textbf{trans}former-based representation for \textbf{f}ace \textbf{a}ttribute evaluation method (\textbf{TransFA}), which could effectively enhance the attribute discriminative representation learning in the context of attention mechanism. The multiple branches transformer is employed to explore the inter-correlation between different attributes in similar semantic regions for attribute feature learning. Specially, the hierarchical identity-constraint attribute loss is designed to train the end-to-end architecture, which could further integrate face identity discriminative information to boost performance. Experimental results on multiple face attribute benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed TransFA achieves superior performances compared with state-of-the-art methods.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2022

Spatial-Temporal Frequency Forgery Clue for Video Forgery Detection in VIS and NIR Scenario

In recent years, with the rapid development of face editing and generation, more and more fake videos are circulating on social media, which has caused extreme public concerns. Existing face forgery detection methods based on frequency domain find that the GAN forged images have obvious grid-like visual artifacts in the frequency spectrum compared to the real images. But for synthesized videos, these methods only confine to single frame and pay little attention to the most discriminative part and temporal frequency clue among different frames. To take full advantage of the rich information in video sequences, this paper performs video forgery detection on both spatial and temporal frequency domains and proposes a Discrete Cosine Transform-based Forgery Clue Augmentation Network (FCAN-DCT) to achieve a more comprehensive spatial-temporal feature representation. FCAN-DCT consists of a backbone network and two branches: Compact Feature Extraction (CFE) module and Frequency Temporal Attention (FTA) module. We conduct thorough experimental assessments on two visible light (VIS) based datasets WildDeepfake and Celeb-DF (v2), and our self-built video forgery dataset DeepfakeNIR, which is the first video forgery dataset on near-infrared modality. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on detecting forgery videos in both VIS and NIR scenarios.

cs.CV↗