arXiv subjects

Deepali Singh

Publications and source records attributed to Deepali Singh.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

SAGE: Sense-Aligned Multimodal Grounding Evaluation with Gloss-Augmented Reasoning

This paper introduces Sense-Aligned Grounding Evaluation (SAGE), a unified 10-candidate image-selection benchmark that reformulates VWSD, VerSe, and WikiDiverse into a shared term-centric protocol covering noun-, verb-, and entity-centered grounding. SAGE includes confusable hard negatives and a context-swapped VerSe diagnostic to probe target-term grounding beyond direct caption--image compatibility. We further propose Gloss-Augmented Reasoning (GAR), a training-free framework combining definition grounding with constraint-guided semantic verification. Experiments show that strong VWSD performance does not transfer uniformly across grounding settings. With Gemma3-12B, definition augmentation improves all three subsets, while constraint-guided reasoning improves VWSD and yields particularly strong gains on VerSe, but is less effective on WikiDiverse. Combining the two signals achieves the best macro-average performance, improving Hits@1 from 65.90 to 71.22. These results show that SAGE supports both unified evaluation and fine-grained analysis of explicit semantic reasoning across grounding settings.

cs.CL↗

arXiv2026

Enhancing Legal LLMs through Metadata-Enriched RAG Pipelines and Direct Preference Optimization

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform well in short contexts but degrade on long legal documents, often producing hallucinations such as incorrect clauses or precedents. In the legal domain, where precision is critical, such errors undermine reliability and trust. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) helps ground outputs but remains limited in legal settings, especially with small, locally deployed models required for data privacy. We identify two failure modes: retrieval errors due to lexical redundancy in legal corpora, and decoding errors where models generate answers despite insufficient context. To address this, we propose Metadata Enriched Hybrid RAG to improve document level retrieval, and apply Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) to enforce safe refusal when context is inadequate. Together, these methods improve grounding, reliability, and safety in legal language models.

cs.CL↗

arXiv2022

Probabilistic surrogate modeling of offshore wind-turbine loads with chained Gaussian processes

Heteroscedastic Gaussian process regression, based on the concept of chained Gaussian processes, is used to build surrogates to predict site-specific loads on an offshore wind turbine. Stochasticity in the inflow turbulence and irregular waves results in load responses that are best represented as random variables rather than deterministic values. Moreover, the effect of these stochastic sources on the loads depends strongly on the mean environmental conditions -- for instance, at low mean wind speeds, inflow turbulence produces much less variability in loads than at high wind speeds. Statistically, this is known as heteroscedasticity. Deterministic and most stochastic surrogates do not account for the heteroscedastic noise, giving an incomplete and potentially misleading picture of the structural response. In this paper, we draw on the recent advancements in statistical inference to train a heteroscedastic surrogate model on a noisy database to predict the conditional pdf of the response. The model is informed via 10-minute load statistics of the IEA-10MW-RWT subject to both aero- and hydrodynamic loads, simulated with OpenFAST. Its performance is assessed against the standard Gaussian process regression. The predicted mean is similar in both models, but the heteroscedastic surrogate approximates the large-scale variance of the responses significantly better.

stat.AP↗