Wake fields and impedance of space charge in Cartesian coordinate system
In Cartesian coordinate system, the fields generated by a point charge moving parallel to the axis of a rectangular vacuum chamber can be formulated in terms of eigenfunctions of the rectangular waveguide using the mode expansion method. In combination with the conventional impedance theory, the Green-function forms of the wake functions and impedance for space-charge effects can be obtained, and are found to be functions of the positions of both the source and test particles. Using the Green's functions calculated for a point charge, the wake fields and impedance of a beam with various distributions can be calculated, and should be useful to model the three-dimensional space-charge effects. This paper summarizes our findings and also show comparisons to the existing theories.