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Denis Janković

Publications and source records attributed to Denis Janković.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

Fast and Smooth Quantum Unitary Control of High-Dimensional Spin-Qudits via a Shooting Technique

High-fidelity quantum control is a cornerstone of scalable quantum technologies. We introduce a shooting-based optimization framework that generates smooth, experimentally realistic control pulses for implementing quantum gates in discrete quantum systems. Through numerical simulations on realistic architectures inspired by single-molecule magnets, we demonstrate that our method efficiently decomposes target quantum operations into electric pulse sequences while outperforming the widely used GRAPE algorithm.

quant-ph↗

Probing the Weak-Driving Quantum Speed Limit via Drift-Aware Shooting Methods

A central goal of quantum optimal control is to achieve high-fidelity and low-energy control pulses. When quantum optimal control methods optimize every point of a pulse discretized over small time steps independently this can yield high fidelity control but also results in broadband and energy-hungry waveforms. We extend MAGICARP, a shooting method inspired by Pontryagin's maximum principle on energy that generates an entire pulse from a small set of parameters, making it smooth and energy-efficient by construction, from driftless systems to closed systems with the constant drift Hamiltonian of two exchange-coupled spins in an external magnetic field. The optimization proceeds in stages: the dressed states of the drift Hamiltonian structure the target, an initial shooting optimization is performed in the rotating-wave frame, and an exact laboratory-frame refinement follows. Benchmarked against Krotov and GRAPE at matched gate infidelity, MAGICARP consistently achieves the lowest energy and a conserved pulse area, concentrates its spectral weight on the gate-relevant transitions, and is the most robust to fluctuations in the exchange coupling; GRAPE independently converges to essentially the same pulse while black-box Krotov meets the same error at an order-of-magnitude energy premium. This method-independence is what qualifies the bounded solver as a measurement instrument, and the central result follows: a large statistical survey of unselected optimization runs resolves a weak-driving quantum speed limit for two exchange-coupled electron spins: low-amplitude realizations of the two-qubit quantum Fourier transform cease to exist below a critical gate time, and the minimum control energy diverges on approach to this limit. The divergence obeys a simple two-parameter area--pole law, $E_2^{\mathrm{law}}(T)=A/T+B/(T-T^*)$.

quant-ph↗

Theory of Electron Spin Resonance Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: The First Decade

Electron spin resonance in scanning tunneling microscopy enabled the study of electronic transitions of magnetic impurities on surfaces at the atomic scale. This ESR-STM technique allows to spectroscopically probe and coherently manipulate spins using an all-electrical method without oscillating external magnetic driving fields. Here, we aim to review recent advancements in ESR-STM. We will discuss possible fundamental mechanisms by which the electric field drives spin resonance based on Heisenberg exchange, Kondo scattering, and Anderson impurity models. We validate theoretical predictions against experimental observations, to understand how electronic correlations, spin exchange, and many-body effects manifest in ESR-STM signals. After reviewing coherent spin control in the STM junction, we discuss potential applications of the ESR-STM method for coherent multi-spin control which enables multiple-qubit operations. Finally, we address recent developments in coupled electron-nuclear spin systems, including hyperfine-resolved ESR spectroscopy, and the driving and polarization of nuclear spins in ESR-STM.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

Quantum Optimal Control Using MAGICARP: Combining Pontryagin's Maximum Principle and Gradient Ascent

We introduce the MAGICARP algorithm, a numerical optimization method for quantum optimal control problems that combines the structure provided by Pontryagin's Maximum Principle (PMP) and the robustness of gradient ascent techniques, such as GRAPE. MAGICARP is formulated as a "shooting technique", aiming to determine the appropriate initial adjoint momentum to realize a target quantum gate. This method naturally incorporates time and energy optimal constraints through a PMP-informed pulse structure. We demonstrate MAGICARP's effectiveness through illustrative numerical examples, comparing its performance to GRAPE and highlighting its advantages in specific scenarios.

quant-ph↗

Overcoming limitations on gate fidelity in noisy static exchange-coupled surface qubits

Recent experiments demonstrated that the spin state of individual atoms on surfaces can be quantum-coherently controlled through all-electric electron spin resonance. By constructing interacting arrays of atoms this results in an atomic-scale qubit platform. However, the static exchange coupling between qubits, limited lifetime and polarization of the initial state, impose significant limits on high-fidelity quantum control. We address this issue using open quantum systems simulation and quantum optimal control theory. We demonstrate the conditions under which high-fidelity operations ($\mathcal{F} \gtrsim 0.9$) are feasible in this qubit platform, and show how the Krotov method of quantum optimal control theory adapts to specific noise sources to outperform the conventional Rabi drivings. Finally, we re-examine the experimental setup used in the initial demonstration of this qubit platform and propose optimized experimental designs to maximize gate fidelity in this platform.

quant-ph↗

The hyperfine interaction as a probe of the microscopic structure of the atomic nucleus

The study of highly charged electronic and muonic hydrogen-like ions, provides an intriguing way to probe the internal structure of their atomic nuclei. In this work, we use nuclear structure calculations to accurately calculate the hyperfine splitting of electronic and muonic hydrogen-like ions, focusing in particular on the incorporation of finite-volume corrections, such as Bohr-Weisskopf and Breit-Rosenthal, due to the penetration of the electron and muon wavefunction into the nuclear electric charge and magnetic dipole densities. These corrections are essential for refining our understanding of the nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Our simulations use a Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-BCS model known for its effectiveness in modeling well-deformed nuclei such as ${}^{159}\mathrm{Tb}^{64+}$ and ${}^{165}\mathrm{Ho}^{66+}$, with particular emphasis on ${}^{161,163}\mathrm{Dy}^{65+}$ isotopes. It can also be generalised to multi-electron ions by studying the hyperfine anomaly between two isotopes.

physics.atom-ph↗

Noisy Qudit vs Multiple Qubits : Conditions on Gate Efficiency for Enhancing Fidelity

Today, multiple new platforms are implementing qudits, $d$-level quantum bases of information, for Quantum Information Processing (QIP). It is therefore crucial to study their efficiencies for QIP compared to more traditional qubit platforms. We present a comparative study of the infidelity scalings of a qudit and $n$-qubit systems, both with identical Hilbert space dimensions and noisy environments. The first-order response of the Average Gate Infidelity (AGI) to the noise in the Lindblad formalism, which was found to be gate-independent, was calculated analytically in the two systems being compared. This yielded a critical curve $O(d^2/\log_2(d))$ of the ratio of their respective gate times in units of decoherence time. This quantity indicates how time-efficient operations on these systems are. The curve delineates regions where each system has a higher rate of increase of the AGI than the other. This condition on gate efficiency was applied to different existing platforms. It was found that specific qudit platforms possess gate efficiencies competitive with state-of-the-art qubit platforms. Numerical simulations complemented this work and allowed for discussion of the applicability and limits of the linear response formalism.

quant-ph↗

Nonlinearity of the Fidelity in Open Qudit Systems: Gate and Noise Dependence in High-dimensional Quantum Computing

High-dimensional quantum computing has generated significant interest due to its potential to address scalability and error correction challenges faced by traditional qubit-based systems. This paper investigates the Average Gate Fidelity (AGF) of single qudit systems under Markovian noise in the Lindblad formalism, extending previous work by developing a comprehensive theoretical framework for the calculation of higher-order correction terms. We derive general expressions for the perturbative expansion of the Average Gate Infidelity (AGI) in terms of the environmental coupling coefficient and validate these with extensive numerical simulations, emphasizing the transition from linear to nonlinear behaviour in the strong coupling regime. Our findings highlight the dependence of AGI on qudit dimensionality, quantum gate choice, and noise strength, providing critical insights for optimising quantum gate design and error correction protocols. Additionally, we utilise our framework to identify universal bounds for the AGI in the strong coupling regime and explore the practical implications for enhancing the performance of near-term qudit architectures. This study offers a robust foundation for future research and development in high-dimensional quantum computing, contributing to the advancement of robust, high-fidelity quantum operations.

quant-ph↗

Elucidating the Physical and Mathematical Properties of the Prouhet-Thue-Morse Sequence in Quantum Computing

This study explores the applications of the Prouhet-Thue-Morse (PTM) sequence in quantum computing, highlighting its mathematical elegance and practical relevance. We demonstrate the critical role of the PTM sequence in quantum error correction, in noise-resistant quantum memories, and in providing insights into quantum chaos. Notably, we demonstrate how the PTM sequence naturally appears in Ising X-X interacting systems, leading to a proposed robust encoding of quantum memories in such systems. Furthermore, connections to number theory, including the Riemann zeta function, bridge quantum computing with pure mathematics. Our findings emphasize the PTM sequence's importance in understanding the mathematical structure of quantum computing systems and the development of the full potential of quantum technologies and invite further interdisciplinary research.

quant-ph↗

Full- and low-rank exponential Euler integrators for the Lindblad equation

The Lindblad equation is a widely used quantum master equation to model the dynamical evolution of open quantum systems whose states are described by density matrices. These solution matrices are characterized by semi-positiveness and trace preserving properties, which must be guaranteed in any physically meaningful numerical simulation. In this paper, novel full- and low-rank exponential Euler integrators are developed for approximating the Lindblad equation that preserve positivity and trace unconditionally. Theoretical results are presented that provide sharp error estimates for the two classes of exponential integration methods. Results of numerical experiments are discussed that illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes, beyond present state-of-the-art capabilities.

math.NA↗