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Denny H. Leung

Publications and source records attributed to Denny H. Leung.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
arXiv2013

Order isomorphisms on function spaces

The classical theorems of Banach and Stone, Gelfand and Kolmogorov, and Kaplansky show that a compact Hausdorff space $X$ is uniquely determined by the linear isometric structure, the algebraic structure, and the lattice structure, respectively, of the space $C(X)$. In this paper, it is shown that for rather general subspaces $A(X)$ and $A(Y)$ of $C(X)$ and $C(Y)$ respectively, any linear bijection $T: A(X) \to A(Y)$ such that $f \geq 0$ if and only if $Tf \geq 0$ gives rise to a homeomorphism $h: X \to Y$ with which $T$ can be represented as a weighted composition operator. The three classical results mentioned above can be derived as corollaries. Generalizations to noncompact spaces and other function spaces such as spaces of uniformly continuous functions, Lipschitz functions and differentiable functions are presented.

math.FA↗
arXiv2013

Ideals of operators on $(\oplus \ell^\infty(n))_{\ell^1}$

The unique maximal ideal in the Banach algebra $L(E)$, $E = (\oplus \ell^\infty(n))_{\ell^1}$, is identified. The proof relies on techniques developed by Laustsen, Loy and Read and a dichotomy result for operators mapping into $L^1$ due to Laustsen, Odell, Schlumprecht and Zsák.

math.FA↗
arXiv2012

Compact and weakly compact disjointness preserving operators on spaces of differentiable functions

A pair of functions defined on a set X with values in a vector space E is said to be disjoint if at least one of the functions takes the value 0 at every point in X. An operator acting between vector-valued function spaces is disjointness preserving if it maps disjoint functions to disjoint functions. We characterize compact and weakly compact disjointness preserving operators between spaces of Banach space-valued differentiable functions.

math.FA↗
arXiv2009

Banach-Stone Theorems for maps preserving common zeros

Let $X$ and $Y$ be completely regular spaces and $E$ and $F$ be Hausdorff topological vector spaces. We call a linear map $T$ from a subspace of $C(X,E)$ into $C(Y,F)$ a \emph{Banach-Stone map} if it has the form $Tf(y) = S_{y}(f(h(y))$ for a family of linear operators $S_{y} : E \to F$, $y \in Y$, and a function $h: Y \to X$. In this paper, we consider maps having the property: \cap^{k}_{i=1}Z(f_{i}) \neq\emptyset\iff\cap^{k}_{i=1}Z(Tf_{i}) \neq \emptyset, where $Z(f) = \{f = 0\}$. We characterize linear bijections with property (Z) between spaces of continuous functions, respectively, spaces of differentiable functions (including $C^{\infty}$), as Banach-Stone maps. In particular, we confirm a conjecture of Ercan and Önal: Suppose that $X$ and $Y$ are realcompact spaces and $E$ and $F$ are Hausdorff topological vector lattices (respectively, $C^{*}$-algebras). Let $T: C(X,E) \to C(Y,F)$ be a vector lattice isomorphism (respectively, *-algebra isomorphism) such that Z(f) \neq\emptyset\iff Z(Tf) \neq\emptyset. Then $X$ is homeomorphic to $Y$ and $E$ is lattice isomorphic (respectively, $C^{*}$-isomorphic) to $F$. Some results concerning the continuity of $T$ are also obtained.

math.FA↗
arXiv2009

Biseparating maps on generalized Lipschitz spaces

Let $X, Y$ be complete metric spaces and $E, F$ be Banach spaces. A bijective linear operator from a space of $E$-valued functions on $X$ to a space of $F$-valued functions on $Y$ is said to be biseparating if $f$ and $g$ are disjoint if and only if $Tf$ and $Tg$ are disjoint. We introduce the class of generalized Lipschitz spaces, which includes as special cases the classes of Lipschitz, little Lipschitz and uniformly continuous functions. Linear biseparating maps between generalized Lipschitz spaces are characterized as weighted composition operators, i.e., of the form $Tf(y) = S_y(f(h^{-1}(y))$ for a family of vector space isomorphisms $S_y: E \to F$ and a homeomorphism $h : X\to Y$. We also investigate the continuity of $T$ and related questions. Here the functions involved (as well as the metric spaces $X$ and $Y$) may be unbounded. Also, the arguments do not require the use of compactification of the spaces $X$ and $Y$.

math.FA↗
arXiv2007

Semilattice Structures of Spreading Models

Given a Banach space X, denote by SP_{w}(X) the set of equivalence classes of spreading models of X generated by normalized weakly null sequences in X. It is known that SP_{w}(X) is a semilattice, i.e., it is a partially ordered set in which every pair of elements has a least upper bound. We show that every countable semilattice that does not contain an infinite increasing sequence is order isomorphic to SP_{w}(X) for some separable Banach space X.

math.FA↗
arXiv2006

More Mixed Tsirelson Spaces That Are Not Isomorphic To Their Modified Versions

The class of mixed Tsirelson spaces is an important source of examples in the recent development of the structure theory of Banach spaces. The related class of modified mixed Tsirelson spaces has also been well studied. In the present paper, we investigate the problem of comparing isomorphically the mixed Tsirelson space T[(S_n,θ_{n})_{n=1}^{\infty}] and its modified version T_{M}[(S_{n},θ_{n})_{n=1}^{\infty}]. It is shown that these spaces are not isomorphic for a large class of parameters (θ_{n}).

math.FA↗
arXiv2005

Extension of Functions with Small Oscillation

A classical theorem of Kuratowski says that every Baire one function on a G_δsubspace of a Polish (= separable completely metrizable) space X can be extended to a Baire one function on X. Kechris and Louveau introduced a finer gradation of Baire one functions into small Baire classes. A Baire one function f is assigned into a class in this heirarchy depending on its oscillation index β(f). We prove a refinement of Kuratowski's theorem: if Y is a subspace of a metric space X and f is a real-valued function on Y such that β_{Y}(f)<ω^α, α< ω_1, then f has an extension F onto X so that β_X(F)is not more than ω^α. We also show that if f is a continuous real valued function on Y, then f has an extension F onto X so that β_{X}(F)is not more than 3. An example is constructed to show that this result is optimal.

math.CA↗
arXiv2003

\ell^1-spreading models in subspaces of mixed Tsirelson spaces

We investigate the existence of higher order \ell^1-spreading models in subspaces of mixed Tsirelson spaces. For instance, we show that the following conditions are equivalent for the mixed Tsirelson space X=T[(θ_n,S_n)_{n=1}^{\infty}] (1)Every block subspace of $X$ contains an \ell^1-S_ω-spreading model, (2)The Bourgain \ell^1-index I_b(Y) = I(Y) > ω^ω for any block subspace Y of X, (3)\lim_m\limsup_nθ_{m+n}/θ_n > 0 and every block subspace Y of X contains a block sequence equivalent to a subsequence of the unit vector basis of X. Moreover, if one (and hence all) of these conditions holds, then X is arbitrarily distortable.

math.FA↗
arXiv2003

\ell ^1-spreading models in mixed Tsirelson space

Suppose that (F_n)_{n=1}^{\infty} is a sequence of regular families of finite subsets of N and (θ_n)_{n=1}^{\infty} is a nonincreasing null sequence in (0,1). The mixed Tsirelson space T[(θ_{n}, F_n)_{n=1}^{\infty}] is the completion of $c_{00}$ with respect to the implicitly defined norm ||x|| = max{||x||_{c_0}, sup_n sup θ_n \sum_{i=1}^{j}||E_{i}x||}, where the last supremum is taken over all finite subsets E_{1},...,E_{j} of N such that E_1 < >... <E_j and {min E_1,...,min E_j} \in F_n. Necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of higher order \ell ^1-spreading models in every subspace generated by a subsequence of the unit vector basis of T[(θ_{n}, F_n)_{n=1}^{\infty}.

math.FA↗
arXiv2001

The Bourgain ell ^1-index of mixed Tsirelson space

Suppose that (F_n)_{n=0}^{\infty} is a sequence of regular families of finite subsets of N such that F_0 contains all singletons, and (θ_n)_{n=1}^{\infty} is a nonincreasing null sequence in (0,1). In this paper, we compute the Bourgain \ell^1 - index of the mixed Tsirelson space T(F_0,(θ_n, F_n)_{n=1}^{\infty}). As a consequence, it is shown that if ηis a countable ordinal not of the form ω^ξfor some limit ordinal ξ, then there is a Banach space whose \ell^1-index is ω^η. This answers a question of Judd and Odell.

math.FA↗
arXiv2001

The $\ell ^{1}$-index of Tsirelson type spaces

If αand βare countable ordinals such that β\neq 0, denote by \tilde{T}_{α,β} the completion of $c_{00}$ with respect to the implicitly defined norm ||x|| = max{||x||_{c_{0}}, 1/2 sup \sum_{i=1}^{j}||E_{i}x||}, where the supremum is taken over all finite subsets E_{1},...,E_{j} of $\mathbb{N}$ such that $E_{1}<...<E_{j}$ and {min E_{1},...,min E_{j}} \in S_β. It is shown that the Bourgain $\ell^{1}$-index of \tilde{T}_{α,β} is ω^{α+β.ω}. In particular, if α=ω^{α_{1}}. m_{1}+...+ω^{α_{n}}. m_{n} in Cantor normal form and α_{n} is not a limit ordinal, then there exists a Banach space whose \ell^{1}-index is ω^α.

math.FA↗
arXiv2000

Functions of Baire class one

Let $K$ be a compact metric space. A real-valued function on $K$ is said to be of Baire class one (Baire-1) if it is the pointwise limit of a sequence of continuous functions. In this paper, we study two well known ordinal indices of Baire-1 functions, the oscillation index $β$ and the convergence index $γ$. It is shown that these two indices are fully compatible in the following sense : a Baire-1 function $f$ satisfies $β(f) \leq ω^{ξ_1} \cdot ω^{ξ_2}$ for some countable ordinals $ξ_1$ and $ξ_2$ if and only if there exists a sequence of Baire-1 functions $(f_n)$ converging to $f$ pointwise such that $\sup_nβ(f_n) \leq ω^{ξ_1}$ and $γ((f_n)) \leq ω^{ξ_2}$. We also obtain an extension result for Baire-1 functions analogous to the Tietze Extension Theorem. Finally, it is shown that if $β(f) \leq ω^{ξ_1}$ and $β(g) \leq ω^{ξ_2},$ then $β(fg) \leq ω^ξ,$ where $ξ=\max\{ξ_1+ξ_2, ξ_2+ξ_1}\}.$ These results do not assume the boundedness of the functions involved.

math.CA↗
arXiv1999

An asymptotic property of Schachermayer's space under renorming

A Banach space X with closed unit ball B is said to have property 2-beta, repsectively 2-NUC if for every \ep > 0, there exists δ> 0 such that for every \ep-separated sequence (x_n) in the unit ball B, and every x in B, there are distinct indices m and n such that ||x + x_m + x_n|| < 3(1 - δ), respectively, ||x_m + x_n|| < 2(1 - δ). It is shown that a Banach space constructed by Schachermayer has property 2-beta but cannot be renormed to have property 2-NUC.

math.FA↗
arXiv1998

The normed and Banach envelopes of Weak L^1

The space Weak L^1 consists of all measurable functions on [0,1] such that q(f) = sup_{c>0} c λ{t : |f(t)| > c} is finite, where λdenotes Lebesgue measure. Let ρbe the gauge functional of the unit ball {f : q(f) \leq 1} of the quasi- norm q, and let N be the null space of ρ. The normed envelope of Weak L^1, which we denote by W, is the space (Weak L^1/N, ρ). The Banach envelope of Weak L^1, \overline{W}, is the completion of W. We show that \overline{W} is isometrically lattice isomorphic to a sublattice of W. It is also shown that all rearrangement invariant Banach function spaces are isometrically isomorphic to a sublattice of W.

math.FA↗
arXiv1996

Compact subsets of $\Ps(\N)$ with applications to the embedding of symmetric sequence spaces into $C(α)$

Let $\Ps(\N)$ be the set of all finite subsets of $\N$, endowed with the product topology. A description of the compact subsets of $\Ps(\N)$ is given. Two applications of this result to Banach space theory are shown : (1) a characterization of the symmetric sequence spaces which embed into $C(\om^\om)$, and (2) a characterization, in terms of the Orlicz function $M$, of the Orlicz sequence spaces $h_M$ which embed into $C(K)$ for some countable compact Hausdorff space $K$.

math.FA↗
arXiv1996

Purely non-atomic weak L^p spaces

Let $\msp$ be a purely non-atomic measure space, and let $1 < p < \infty$. If $\weakLp\msp$ is isomorphic, as a Banach space, to $\weakLp\mspp$ for some purely atomic measure space $\mspp$, then there is a measurable partition $Ω= Ω_1\cupΩ_2$ such that $(Ω_1,Σ\capΩ_1,μ_{|Σ\capΩ_1})$ is countably generated and $σ$-finite, and that $μ(σ) = 0$ or $\infty$ for every measurable $σ\subseteq Ω_2$. In particular, $\weakLp\msp$ is isomorphic to $\ell^{p,\infty}$.

math.FA↗