arXiv subjects

Dian Chen

Publications and source records attributed to Dian Chen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

DREAM Technical Report

Industrial recommender systems commonly use cascaded retrieval, ranking, and re-ranking pipelines. Although efficient, these pipelines fragment information and objectives across modules, rely on rigid rules, and have limited awareness of real-time intent, leaving session-level shifts among browsing, comparison, and purchase insufficiently addressed. We present DREAM (Developing Recommender Engine with Agentic Methods), an autonomous optimization control architecture that adds a perception-aware, orchestrable, and auditable policy layer atop existing pipelines without replacing them. DREAM has two core components. First, a three-tier Intent Engine fuses on-device signals into structured L0/L1/L2 intent representations; its edge-cloud trigger chain reduces reporting volume to approximately 8.7%. Second, a Meta Engine uses a MetaModel for layered M1-to-M2-to-M3 reasoning: intent summarization, strategy planning informed by Strategy Memory, and parameter translation. It dispatches the resulting parameters through a unified outlet with safety guardrails. A Reward Dual Loop continuously optimizes both components by combining offline simulation for strategy-space exploration with online feedback for outcome calibration, forming a cycle of generation, execution, evaluation, and experience accumulation. Large-scale A/B tests on Taobao's homepage feed show that re-ranking control alone improves IPV by 2.06%, Core IPV by 2.39%, and GMV by 0.88%. Extending control to fine ranking raises these gains to 2.71%, 3.06%, and 1.31%, respectively, while consistently improving PV by more than 1%. These gains require neither replacement of pipeline models nor compromise of serving stability, supporting agentic meta-control as a viable paradigm for industrial recommendation.

cs.IR↗

arXiv2026

RecGPT-V3 Technical Report

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming recommender systems from matching co-occurrence patterns in historical behavior toward reasoning about the intent that drives it. RecGPT-V1 pioneered this paradigm on Taobao by centering user understanding, and RecGPT-V2 scaled it via coordinated multi-agent reasoning; both are deployed in production with consistent gains in user experience and commercial outcomes. However, operating RecGPT at scale reveals three challenges: (1) stateless behavior modeling, where each request reprocesses full user history, wasting computation and discarding prior analysis; (2) a tag-to-item information bottleneck, where natural-language tags form a lossy channel between user understanding and item grounding; and (3) inefficient explicit reasoning, whose lengthy chain-of-thought incurs untenable latency and compute overhead. We present RecGPT-V3, a stateful, hybrid-modal recommender that reasons over natural language for open-world knowledge and Semantic IDs (SIDs) for concrete item grounding. A Memory Hub maintains structured, continually evolving user memory that distills long-horizon behavior into condensed units, cutting user-modeling computation by 55.8%. A Hybrid-modal Foundation Model allows the LLM jointly reason over text tags and SIDs, opening a high-bandwidth channel into the item space. Latent Intent Reasoning internalizes verbose rationales into compact learnable latent tokens that remain decodable into readable explanations, lowering output token cost by 200x. Deployed in Taobao's "Guess What You Like" feed, RecGPT-V3 achieves consistent gains in large-scale online A/B tests: IPV +1.28%, CTR +1.00%, TC +1.97%, GMV +3.97%, while cutting end-to-end serving resource consumption by 52.4%.

cs.IR↗

arXiv2026

ExpoCM: Exposure-Aware One-Step Generative Single-Image HDR Reconstruction

Single-image HDR reconstruction aims to recover high dynamic range radiance from a single low dynamic range (LDR) input, but remains highly ill-posed due to detail saturation in over-exposed regions and noise amplification in under-exposed areas. While recent diffusion-based approaches offer powerful generative priors, they often overlook the exposure-dependent nature of the degradation and incur substantial computational costs from iterative sampling. To address these challenges, we propose ExpoCM, a novel one-step generative HDR reconstruction framework that reformulates HDR reconstruction as a Probability Flow ODE (PF-ODE) and constructs exposure-aware consistency trajectories via exposure-dependent perturbations. Specifically, a soft exposure mask is first constructed to separate the LDR image into over-, under-, and well-exposed regions. Based on this partition, region-conditioned consistency trajectories are designed to hallucinate saturated details, suppress noise in dark regions, and preserve reliable structures within a single, distillation-free inference step. To further enhance perceptual quality, we introduce an Exposure-guided Luminance-Chromaticity Loss in the CIE~$\text{L}^*\text{a}^*\text{b}^*$ space, which assigns exposure-aware weights to luminance and chromaticity components, effectively mitigating brightness bias and color drift. Extensive experiments on the HDR-REAL, HDR-EYE, and AIM2025 benchmarks demonstrate that ExpoCM achieves state-of-the-art fidelity and perceptual accuracy, while enabling over 400$\times$ and 20$\times$ faster inference compared to DDPM (1000 steps) and DDIM (50 steps), respectively.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2026

Efficient Equivariant Transformer for Self-Driving Agent Modeling

Accurately modeling agent behaviors is an important task in self-driving. It is also a task with many symmetries, such as equivariance to the order of agents and objects in the scene or equivariance to arbitrary roto-translations of the entire scene as a whole; i.e., SE(2)-equivariance. The transformer architecture is a ubiquitous tool for modeling these symmetries. While standard self-attention is inherently permutation equivariant, explicit pairwise relative positional encodings have been the standard for introducing SE(2)-equivariance. However, this approach introduces an additional cost that is quadratic in the number of agents, limiting its scalability to larger scenes and batch sizes. In this work, we propose DriveGATr, a novel transformer-based architecture for agent modeling that achieves SE(2)-equivariance without the computational cost of existing methods. Inspired by recent advances in geometric deep learning, DriveGATr encodes scene elements as multivectors in the 2D projective geometric algebra $\mathbb{R}^*_{2,0,1}$ and processes them with a stack of equivariant transformer blocks. Crucially, DriveGATr models geometric relationships using standard attention between multivectors, eliminating the need for costly explicit pairwise relative positional encodings. Experiments on the Waymo Open Motion Dataset demonstrate that DriveGATr is comparable to the state-of-the-art in traffic simulation and establishes a superior Pareto front for performance vs computational cost.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2026

AGRI-Fidelity: Evaluating the Reliability of Listenable Explanations for Poultry Disease Detection

Existing XAI metrics measure faithfulness for a single model, ignoring model multiplicity where near-optimal classifiers rely on different or spurious acoustic cues. In noisy farm environments, stationary artifacts such as ventilation noise can produce explanations that are faithful yet unreliable, as masking-based metrics fail to penalize redundant shortcuts. We propose AGRI-Fidelity, a reliability-oriented evaluation framework for listenable explanations in poultry disease detection without spatial ground truth. The method combines cross-model consensus with cyclic temporal permutation to construct null distributions and compute a False Discovery Rate (FDR), suppressing stationary artifacts while preserving time-localized bioacoustic markers. Across real and controlled datasets, AGRI-Fidelity effectively provides reliability-aware discrimination for all data points versus masking-based metrics.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2026

X-MAP: eXplainable Misclassification Analysis and Profiling for Spam and Phishing Detection

Misclassifications in spam and phishing detection are very harmful, as false negatives expose users to attacks while false positives degrade trust. Existing uncertainty-based detectors can flag potential errors, but possibly be deceived and offer limited interpretability. This paper presents X-MAP, an eXplainable Misclassification Analysis and Profilling framework that reveals topic-level semantic patterns behind model failures. X-MAP combines SHAP-based feature attributions with non-negative matrix factorization to build interpretable topic profiles for reliably classified spam/phishing and legitimate messages, and measures each message's deviation from these profiles using Jensen-Shannon divergence. Experiments on SMS and phishing datasets show that misclassified messages exhibit at least two times larger divergence than correctly classified ones. As a detector, X-MAP achieves up to 0.98 AUROC and lowers the false-rejection rate at 95% TRR to 0.089 on positive predictions. When used as a repair layer on base detectors, it recovers up to 97% of falsely rejected correct predictions with moderate leakage. These results demonstrate X-MAP's effectiveness and interpretability for improving spam and phishing detection.

cs.AI↗

arXiv2026

Expert Knowledge-Guided Decision Calibration for Accurate Fine-Grained Tree Species Classification

Accurate fine-grained tree species classification is critical for forest inventory and biodiversity monitoring. Existing methods predominantly focus on designing complex architectures to fit local data distributions. However, they often overlook the long-tailed distributions and high inter-class similarity inherent in limited data, thereby struggling to distinguish between few-shot or confusing categories. In the process of knowledge dissemination in the human world, individuals will actively seek expert assistance to transcend the limitations of local thinking. Inspired by this, we introduce an external "Domain Expert" and propose an Expert Knowledge-Guided Classification Decision Calibration Network (EKDC-Net) to overcome these challenges. Our framework addresses two core issues: expert knowledge extraction and utilization. Specifically, we first develop a Local Prior Guided Knowledge Extraction Module (LPKEM). By leveraging Class Activation Map (CAM) analysis, LPKEM guides the domain expert to focus exclusively on discriminative features essential for classification. Subsequently, to effectively integrate this knowledge, we design an Uncertainty-Guided Decision Calibration Module (UDCM). This module dynamically corrects the local model's decisions by considering both overall category uncertainty and instance-level prediction uncertainty. Furthermore, we present a large-scale classification dataset covering 102 tree species, named CU-Tree102 to address the issue of scarce diversity in current benchmarks. Experiments on three benchmark datasets demonstrate that our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance. Crucially, as a lightweight plug-and-play module, EKDC-Net improves backbone accuracy by 6.42% and precision by 11.46% using only 0.08M additional learnable parameters. The dataset, code, and pre-trained models are available at https://github.com/WHU-USI3DV/TreeCLS.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2026

AnyView: Synthesizing Any Novel View in Dynamic Scenes

Modern generative video models excel at producing convincing, high-quality outputs, but struggle to maintain multi-view and spatiotemporal consistency in highly dynamic real-world environments. In this work, we introduce \textbf{AnyView}, a diffusion-based video generation framework for \emph{dynamic view synthesis} with minimal inductive biases or geometric assumptions. We leverage multiple data sources with various levels of supervision, including monocular (2D), multi-view static (3D) and multi-view dynamic (4D) datasets, to train a generalist spatiotemporal implicit representation capable of producing zero-shot novel videos from arbitrary camera locations and trajectories. We evaluate AnyView on standard benchmarks, showing competitive results with the current state of the art, and propose \textbf{AnyViewBench}, a challenging new benchmark tailored towards \emph{extreme} dynamic view synthesis in diverse real-world scenarios. In this more dramatic setting, we find that most baselines drastically degrade in performance, as they require significant overlap between viewpoints, while AnyView maintains the ability to produce realistic, plausible, and spatiotemporally consistent videos when prompted from \emph{any} viewpoint. Results, data, code, and models can be viewed at: https://tri-ml.github.io/AnyView/

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

RecGPT-V2 Technical Report

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in transforming recommender systems from implicit behavioral pattern matching to explicit intent reasoning. While RecGPT-V1 successfully pioneered this paradigm by integrating LLM-based reasoning into user interest mining and item tag prediction, it suffers from four fundamental limitations: (1) computational inefficiency and cognitive redundancy across multiple reasoning routes; (2) insufficient explanation diversity in fixed-template generation; (3) limited generalization under supervised learning paradigms; and (4) simplistic outcome-focused evaluation that fails to match human standards. To address these challenges, we present RecGPT-V2 with four key innovations. First, a Hierarchical Multi-Agent System restructures intent reasoning through coordinated collaboration, eliminating cognitive duplication while enabling diverse intent coverage. Combined with Hybrid Representation Inference that compresses user-behavior contexts, our framework reduces GPU consumption by 60% and improves exclusive recall from 9.39% to 10.99%. Second, a Meta-Prompting framework dynamically generates contextually adaptive prompts, improving explanation diversity by +7.3%. Third, constrained reinforcement learning mitigates multi-reward conflicts, achieving +24.1% improvement in tag prediction and +13.0% in explanation acceptance. Fourth, an Agent-as-a-Judge framework decomposes assessment into multi-step reasoning, improving human preference alignment. Online A/B tests on Taobao demonstrate significant improvements: +2.98% CTR, +3.71% IPV, +2.19% TV, and +11.46% NER. RecGPT-V2 establishes both the technical feasibility and commercial viability of deploying LLM-powered intent reasoning at scale, bridging the gap between cognitive exploration and industrial utility.

cs.IR↗

arXiv2025

GeoPep: A geometry-aware masked language model for protein-peptide binding site prediction

Multimodal approaches that integrate protein structure and sequence have achieved remarkable success in protein-protein interface prediction. However, extending these methods to protein-peptide interactions remains challenging due to the inherent conformational flexibility of peptides and the limited availability of structural data that hinder direct training of structure-aware models. To address these limitations, we introduce GeoPep, a novel framework for peptide binding site prediction that leverages transfer learning from ESM3, a multimodal protein foundation model. GeoPep fine-tunes ESM3's rich pre-learned representations from protein-protein binding to address the limited availability of protein-peptide binding data. The fine-tuned model is further integrated with a parameter-efficient neural network architecture capable of learning complex patterns from sparse data. Furthermore, the model is trained using distance-based loss functions that exploit 3D structural information to enhance binding site prediction. Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate that GeoPep significantly outperforms existing methods in protein-peptide binding site prediction by effectively capturing sparse and heterogeneous binding patterns.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2025

Interactive Recommendation Agent with Active User Commands

Traditional recommender systems rely on passive feedback mechanisms that limit users to simple choices such as like and dislike. However, these coarse-grained signals fail to capture users' nuanced behavior motivations and intentions. In turn, current systems cannot also distinguish which specific item attributes drive user satisfaction or dissatisfaction, resulting in inaccurate preference modeling. These fundamental limitations create a persistent gap between user intentions and system interpretations, ultimately undermining user satisfaction and harming system effectiveness. To address these limitations, we introduce the Interactive Recommendation Feed (IRF), a pioneering paradigm that enables natural language commands within mainstream recommendation feeds. Unlike traditional systems that confine users to passive implicit behavioral influence, IRF empowers active explicit control over recommendation policies through real-time linguistic commands. To support this paradigm, we develop RecBot, a dual-agent architecture where a Parser Agent transforms linguistic expressions into structured preferences and a Planner Agent dynamically orchestrates adaptive tool chains for on-the-fly policy adjustment. To enable practical deployment, we employ simulation-augmented knowledge distillation to achieve efficient performance while maintaining strong reasoning capabilities. Through extensive offline and long-term online experiments, RecBot shows significant improvements in both user satisfaction and business outcomes.

cs.IR↗

arXiv2025

OmniShape: Zero-Shot Multi-Hypothesis Shape and Pose Estimation in the Real World

We would like to estimate the pose and full shape of an object from a single observation, without assuming known 3D model or category. In this work, we propose OmniShape, the first method of its kind to enable probabilistic pose and shape estimation. OmniShape is based on the key insight that shape completion can be decoupled into two multi-modal distributions: one capturing how measurements project into a normalized object reference frame defined by the dataset and the other modelling a prior over object geometries represented as triplanar neural fields. By training separate conditional diffusion models for these two distributions, we enable sampling multiple hypotheses from the joint pose and shape distribution. OmniShape demonstrates compelling performance on challenging real world datasets. Project website: https://tri-ml.github.io/omnishape

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

UniLDiff: Unlocking the Power of Diffusion Priors for All-in-One Image Restoration

All-in-One Image Restoration (AiOIR) has emerged as a promising yet challenging research direction. To address the core challenges of diverse degradation modeling and detail preservation, we propose UniLDiff, a unified framework enhanced with degradation- and detail-aware mechanisms, unlocking the power of diffusion priors for robust image restoration. Specifically, we introduce a Degradation-Aware Feature Fusion (DAFF) to dynamically inject low-quality features into each denoising step via decoupled fusion and adaptive modulation, enabling implicit modeling of diverse and compound degradations. Furthermore, we design a Detail-Aware Expert Module (DAEM) in the decoder to enhance texture and fine-structure recovery through expert routing. Extensive experiments across multi-task and mixed degradation settings demonstrate that our method consistently achieves state-of-the-art performance, highlighting the practical potential of diffusion priors for unified image restoration. Our code will be released.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

XSpecMesh: Quality-Preserving Auto-Regressive Mesh Generation Acceleration via Multi-Head Speculative Decoding

Current auto-regressive models can generate high-quality, topologically precise meshes; however, they necessitate thousands-or even tens of thousands-of next-token predictions during inference, resulting in substantial latency. We introduce XSpecMesh, a quality-preserving acceleration method for auto-regressive mesh generation models. XSpecMesh employs a lightweight, multi-head speculative decoding scheme to predict multiple tokens in parallel within a single forward pass, thereby accelerating inference. We further propose a verification and resampling strategy: the backbone model verifies each predicted token and resamples any tokens that do not meet the quality criteria. In addition, we propose a distillation strategy that trains the lightweight decoding heads by distilling from the backbone model, encouraging their prediction distributions to align and improving the success rate of speculative predictions. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method achieves a 1.7x speedup without sacrificing generation quality. Our code will be released.

cs.GR↗

arXiv2025

RecGPT Technical Report

Recommender systems are among the most impactful applications of artificial intelligence, serving as critical infrastructure connecting users, merchants, and platforms. However, most current industrial systems remain heavily reliant on historical co-occurrence patterns and log-fitting objectives, i.e., optimizing for past user interactions without explicitly modeling user intent. This log-fitting approach often leads to overfitting to narrow historical preferences, failing to capture users' evolving and latent interests. As a result, it reinforces filter bubbles and long-tail phenomena, ultimately harming user experience and threatening the sustainability of the whole recommendation ecosystem. To address these challenges, we rethink the overall design paradigm of recommender systems and propose RecGPT, a next-generation framework that places user intent at the center of the recommendation pipeline. By integrating large language models (LLMs) into key stages of user interest mining, item retrieval, and explanation generation, RecGPT transforms log-fitting recommendation into an intent-centric process. To effectively align general-purpose LLMs to the above domain-specific recommendation tasks at scale, RecGPT incorporates a multi-stage training paradigm, which integrates reasoning-enhanced pre-alignment and self-training evolution, guided by a Human-LLM cooperative judge system. Currently, RecGPT has been fully deployed on the Taobao App. Online experiments demonstrate that RecGPT achieves consistent performance gains across stakeholders: users benefit from increased content diversity and satisfaction, merchants and the platform gain greater exposure and conversions. These comprehensive improvement results across all stakeholders validates that LLM-driven, intent-centric design can foster a more sustainable and mutually beneficial recommendation ecosystem.

cs.IR↗

arXiv2025

A Careful Examination of Large Behavior Models for Multitask Dexterous Manipulation

Robot manipulation has seen tremendous progress in recent years, with imitation learning policies enabling successful performance of dexterous and hard-to-model tasks. Concurrently, scaling data and model size has led to the development of capable language and vision foundation models, motivating large-scale efforts to create general-purpose robot foundation models. While these models have garnered significant enthusiasm and investment, meaningful evaluation of real-world performance remains a challenge, limiting both the pace of development and inhibiting a nuanced understanding of current capabilities. In this paper, we rigorously evaluate multitask robot manipulation policies, referred to as Large Behavior Models (LBMs), by extending the Diffusion Policy paradigm across a corpus of simulated and real-world robot data. We propose and validate an evaluation pipeline to rigorously analyze the capabilities of these models with statistical confidence. We compare against single-task baselines through blind, randomized trials in a controlled setting, using both simulation and real-world experiments. We find that multi-task pretraining makes the policies more successful and robust, and enables teaching complex new tasks more quickly, using a fraction of the data when compared to single-task baselines. Moreover, performance predictably increases as pretraining scale and diversity grows. Project page: https://toyotaresearchinstitute.github.io/lbm1/

cs.RO↗

arXiv2025

GTR: Gaussian Splatting Tracking and Reconstruction of Unknown Objects Based on Appearance and Geometric Complexity

We present a novel method for 6-DoF object tracking and high-quality 3D reconstruction from monocular RGBD video. Existing methods, while achieving impressive results, often struggle with complex objects, particularly those exhibiting symmetry, intricate geometry or complex appearance. To bridge these gaps, we introduce an adaptive method that combines 3D Gaussian Splatting, hybrid geometry/appearance tracking, and key frame selection to achieve robust tracking and accurate reconstructions across a diverse range of objects. Additionally, we present a benchmark covering these challenging object classes, providing high-quality annotations for evaluating both tracking and reconstruction performance. Our approach demonstrates strong capabilities in recovering high-fidelity object meshes, setting a new standard for single-sensor 3D reconstruction in open-world environments.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2025

Sustainable Smart Farm Networks: Enhancing Resilience and Efficiency with Decision Theory-Guided Deep Reinforcement Learning

Solar sensor-based monitoring systems have become a crucial agricultural innovation, advancing farm management and animal welfare through integrating sensor technology, Internet-of-Things, and edge and cloud computing. However, the resilience of these systems to cyber-attacks and their adaptability to dynamic and constrained energy supplies remain largely unexplored. To address these challenges, we propose a sustainable smart farm network designed to maintain high-quality animal monitoring under various cyber and adversarial threats, as well as fluctuating energy conditions. Our approach utilizes deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to devise optimal policies that maximize both monitoring effectiveness and energy efficiency. To overcome DRL's inherent challenge of slow convergence, we integrate transfer learning (TL) and decision theory (DT) to accelerate the learning process. By incorporating DT-guided strategies, we optimize monitoring quality and energy sustainability, significantly reducing training time while achieving comparable performance rewards. Our experimental results prove that DT-guided DRL outperforms TL-enhanced DRL models, improving system performance and reducing training runtime by 47.5%.

cs.LG↗