arXiv subjects

Dixia Fan

Publications and source records attributed to Dixia Fan.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2024

DamFormer: Generalizing Morphologies in Dam Break Simulations Using Transformer Model

The interaction of waves with structural barriers such as dams breaking plays a critical role in flood defense and tsunami disasters. In this work, we explore the dynamic changes in wave surfaces impacting various structural shapes, e.g., circle, triangle, and square, by using deep learning techniques. We introduce the DamFormer, a novel transformer-based model designed to learn and simulate these complex interactions. The model was trained and tested on simulated data representing the three structural forms.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2024

Learning Adaptive Hydrodynamic Models Using Neural ODEs in Complex Conditions

Reinforcement learning-based quadruped robots excel across various terrains but still lack the ability to swim in water due to the complex underwater environment. This paper presents the development and evaluation of a data-driven hydrodynamic model for amphibious quadruped robots, aiming to enhance their adaptive capabilities in complex and dynamic underwater environments. The proposed model leverages Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) combined with attention mechanisms to accurately process and interpret real-time sensor data. The model enables the quadruped robots to understand and predict complex environmental patterns, facilitating robust decision-making strategies. We harness real-time sensor data, capturing various environmental and internal state parameters to train and evaluate our model. A significant focus of our evaluation involves testing the quadruped robot's performance across different hydrodynamic conditions and assessing its capabilities at varying speeds and fluid dynamic conditions. The outcomes suggest that the model can effectively learn and adapt to varying conditions, enabling the prediction of force states and enhancing autonomous robotic behaviors in various practical scenarios.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2024

M$^{2}$M: Learning controllable Multi of experts and multi-scale operators are the Partial Differential Equations need

Learning the evolutionary dynamics of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) is critical in understanding dynamic systems, yet current methods insufficiently learn their representations. This is largely due to the multi-scale nature of the solution, where certain regions exhibit rapid oscillations while others evolve more slowly. This paper introduces a framework of multi-scale and multi-expert (M$^2$M) neural operators designed to simulate and learn PDEs efficiently. We employ a divide-and-conquer strategy to train a multi-expert gated network for the dynamic router policy. Our method incorporates a controllable prior gating mechanism that determines the selection rights of experts, enhancing the model's efficiency. To optimize the learning process, we have implemented a PI (Proportional, Integral) control strategy to adjust the allocation rules precisely. This universal controllable approach allows the model to achieve greater accuracy. We test our approach on benchmark 2D Navier-Stokes equations and provide a custom multi-scale dataset. M$^2$M can achieve higher simulation accuracy and offer improved interpretability compared to baseline methods.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2024

Efficient Navigation of a Robotic Fish Swimming Across the Vortical Flow Field

Navigating efficiently across vortical flow fields presents a significant challenge in various robotic applications. The dynamic and unsteady nature of vortical flows often disturbs the control of underwater robots, complicating their operation in hydrodynamic environments. Conventional control methods, which depend on accurate modeling, fail in these settings due to the complexity of fluid-structure interactions (FSI) caused by unsteady hydrodynamics. This study proposes a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm, trained in a data-driven manner, to enable efficient navigation of a robotic fish swimming across vortical flows. Our proposed algorithm incorporates the LSTM architecture and uses several recent consecutive observations as the state to address the issue of partial observation, often due to sensor limitations. We present a numerical study of navigation within a Karman vortex street, created by placing a stationary cylinder in a uniform flow, utilizing the immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method (IB-LBM). The aim is to train the robotic fish to discover efficient navigation policies, enabling it to reach a designated target point across the Karman vortex street from various initial positions. After training, the fish demonstrates the ability to rapidly reach the target from different initial positions, showcasing the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed algorithm. Analysis of the results reveals that the robotic fish can leverage velocity gains and pressure differences induced by the vortices to reach the target, underscoring the potential of our proposed algorithm in enhancing navigation in complex hydrodynamic environments.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2023

How to Control Hydrodynamic Force on Fluidic Pinball via Deep Reinforcement Learning

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for fluidic pinball, three individually rotating cylinders in the uniform flow arranged in an equilaterally triangular configuration, can learn the efficient flow control strategies due to the validity of self-learning and data-driven state estimation for complex fluid dynamic problems. In this work, we present a DRL-based real-time feedback strategy to control the hydrodynamic force on fluidic pinball, i.e., force extremum and tracking, from cylinders' rotation. By adequately designing reward functions and encoding historical observations, and after automatic learning of thousands of iterations, the DRL-based control was shown to make reasonable and valid control decisions in nonparametric control parameter space, which is comparable to and even better than the optimal policy found through lengthy brute-force searching. Subsequently, one of these results was analyzed by a machine learning model that enabled us to shed light on the basis of decision-making and physical mechanisms of the force tracking process. The finding from this work can control hydrodynamic force on the operation of fluidic pinball system and potentially pave the way for exploring efficient active flow control strategies in other complex fluid dynamic problems.

eess.SY↗

arXiv2022

Physics-Informed Bayesian Learning of Electrohydrodynamic Polymer Jet Printing Dynamics

Calibration of highly dynamic multi-physics manufacturing processes such as electro-hydrodynamics-based additive manufacturing (AM) technologies (E-jet printing) is still performed by labor-intensive trial-and-error practices. These practices have hindered the broad adoption of these technologies, demanding a new paradigm of self-calibrating E-jet printing machines. To address this need, we developed GPJet, an end-to-end physics-informed Bayesian learning framework, and tested it on a virtual E-jet printing machine with in-process jet monitoring capabilities. GPJet consists of three modules: a) the Machine Vision module, b) the Physics-Based Modeling Module, and c) the Machine Learning (ML) module. We demonstrate that the Machine Vision module can extract high-fidelity jet features in real-time from video data using an automated parallelized computer vision workflow. In addition, we show that the Machine Vision module, combined with the Physics-based modeling module, can act as closed-loop sensory feedback to the Machine Learning module of high- and low-fidelity data. Powered by our data-centric approach, we demonstrate that the online ML planner can actively learn the jet process dynamics using video and physics with minimum experimental cost. GPJet brings us one step closer to realizing the vision of intelligent AM machines that can efficiently search complex process-structure-property landscapes and create optimized material solutions for a wide range of applications at a fraction of the cost and speed.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2021

Learning Optimal Parametric Hydrodynamic Database for Vortex-Induced Crossflow Vibration Prediction

The Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) prediction of long flexible cylindrical structures relies on the accuracy of the hydrodynamic database constructed via rigid cylinder forced vibration experiments. However, to create a comprehensive hydrodynamic database with tens of input parameters including vibration amplitudes and frequencies and Reynolds number, surface roughness and so forth is technically challenging and virtually impossible due to the large number of experiments required. The current work presents an alternative approach to approximate the crossflow (CF) hydrodynamic coefficient database in a carefully chosen parameterized form. The learning of the parameters is posed as a constraint optimization, where the objective function is constructed based on the error between the experimental response and theoretical prediction assuming energy balance between fluid and structure. Such a method yields the optimal estimation of the CF parametric hydrodynamic database and produces the VIV response prediction based on the updated hydrodynamic database. The method then was tested on several experiments, including freely-mounted rigid cylinder in large Reynolds number with combined crossflow and inline vibrations and large-scale flexible cylinder test in the Norwegian Deepwater Program, and the result is shown to robustly and significantly reduce the error in predicting cylinder VIVs.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2021

Fluid forces and vortex patterns of an oscillating cylinder pair in still water with both side-by-side and tandem configurations

Models of cylinders in the oscillatory flow can be found virtually everywhere in the marine industry, such as pump towers experiencing sloshing load in a LNG ship liquid tank. However, compared to the problem of a cylinder in the uniform flow, a cylinder in the oscillatory flow is less studied, let alone multiple cylinders. Therefore, we experimentally and numerically studied two identical circular cylinders oscillating in the still water with either a side-by-side or a tandem configuration for a wide range of Keulegan-Carpenter number and Stokes number $β$. The experiment result shows that the hydrodynamic performance of an oscillating cylinder pair in the still water is greatly altered due to the interference between the multiple structures with different configurations. In specific, compared to the single-cylinder case, the drag coefficient is greatly enhanced when two cylinders are placed side-by-side at a small gap ratio, while dual cylinders in a tandem configuration obtain a smaller drag coefficient and oscillating lift coefficient. In order to reveal the detailed flow physics that result in significant fluid forces alternations, the detailed flow visualization is provided by the numerical simulation: the small gap between two cylinders in a side-by-side configuration will result in a strong gap jet that enhances the energy dissipation and increase the drag, while due to the flow blocking effect for two cylinders in a tandem configuration, the drag coefficient decreases.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2020

A fast multi-fidelity method with uncertainty quantification for complex data correlations: Application to vortex-induced vibrations of marine risers

We develop a fast multi-fidelity modeling method for very complex correlations between high- and low-fidelity data by working in modal space to extract the proper correlation function. We apply this method to infer the amplitude of motion of a flexible marine riser in cross-flow, subject to vortex-induced vibrations (VIV). VIV are driven by an absolute instability in the flow, which imposes a frequency (Strouhal) law that requires a matching with the impedance of the structure; this matching is easily achieved because of the rapid parametric variation of the added mass force. As a result, the wavenumber of the riser spatial response is within narrow bands of uncertainty. Hence, an error in wavenumber prediction can cause significant phase-related errors in the shape of the amplitude of response along the riser, rendering correlation between low- and high-fidelity data very complex. Working in modal space as outlined herein, dense data from low-fidelity data, provided by the semi-empirical computer code VIVA, can correlate in modal space with few high-fidelity data, obtained from experiments or fully-resolved CFD simulations, to correct both phase and amplitude and provide predictions that agree very well overall with the correct shape of the amplitude response. We also quantify the uncertainty in the prediction using Bayesian modeling and exploit this uncertainty to formulate an active learning strategy for the best possible location of the sensors providing the high fidelity measurements.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2020

An active learning strategy to study the flow control of a stationary cylinder with two asymmetrically attached rotating cylinders

We numerically investigate the flow control problem of the flow passing a stationary cylinder at a fixed Reynold number 500 using two attached control cylinders with different rotation rates. Compared to the traditional uniform (lattice) sampling method, we developed an active learning strategy based on Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), drastically reducing the number of simulations and accelerating the scientific findings. We also discussed the effects of parameters on different hydrodynamic coefficients, and verified the feasibility of this strategy. The mechanism of this asymmetric flow control model was also further studied by analyzing flow patterns.

physics.flu-dyn↗

arXiv2020

Reinforcement Learning for Active Flow Control in Experiments

We demonstrate experimentally the feasibility of applying reinforcement learning (RL) in flow control problems by automatically discovering active control strategies without any prior knowledge of the flow physics. We consider the turbulent flow past a circular cylinder with the aim of reducing the cylinder drag force or maximizing the power gain efficiency by properly selecting the rotational speed of two small diameter cylinders, parallel to and located downstream of the larger cylinder. Given properly designed rewards and noise reduction techniques, after tens of towing experiments, the RL agent could discover the optimal control strategy, comparable to the optimal static control. While RL has been found to be effective in recent computer flow simulation studies, this is the first time that its effectiveness is demonstrated experimentally, paving the way for exploring new optimal active flow control strategies in complex fluid mechanics applications.

physics.flu-dyn↗