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Dmitriy Vatolin

Publications and source records attributed to Dmitriy Vatolin.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

Combining Contrastive and Supervised Learning for Video Super-Resolution Detection

Upscaled video detection is a helpful tool in multimedia forensics, but it is a challenging task that involves various upscaling and compression algorithms. There are many resolution-enhancement methods, including interpolation and deep-learning-based super-resolution, and they leave unique traces. In this work, we propose a new upscaled-resolution-detection method based on learning of visual representations using contrastive and cross-entropy losses. To explain how the method detects videos, we systematically review the major components of our framework - in particular, we show that most data-augmentation approaches hinder the learning of the method. Through extensive experiments on various datasets, we demonstrate that our method effectively detects upscaling even in compressed videos and outperforms the state-of-the-art alternatives. The code and models are publicly available at https://github.com/msu-video-group/SRDM

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Towards True Detail Restoration for Super-Resolution: A Benchmark and a Quality Metric

Super-resolution (SR) has become a widely researched topic in recent years. SR methods can improve overall image and video quality and create new possibilities for further content analysis. But the SR mainstream focuses primarily on increasing the naturalness of the resulting image despite potentially losing context accuracy. Such methods may produce an incorrect digit, character, face, or other structural object even though they otherwise yield good visual quality. Incorrect detail restoration can cause errors when detecting and identifying objects both manually and automatically. To analyze the detail-restoration capabilities of image and video SR models, we developed a benchmark based on our own video dataset, which contains complex patterns that SR models generally fail to correctly restore. We assessed 32 recent SR models using our benchmark and compared their ability to preserve scene context. We also conducted a crowd-sourced comparison of restored details and developed an objective assessment metric that outperforms other quality metrics by correlation with subjective scores for this task. In conclusion, we provide a deep analysis of benchmark results that yields insights for future SR-based work.

cs.CV↗

Power Consumption of Video-Decoders on Various Android Devices

The critical constraint of mobile devices is a limited battery life that is significantly reduced during video playback. The power efficiency of video playback mainly depends on the used compression standard, video-decoder, and device model. We propose a software-based method to estimate the power consumption of video-decoders on various Android devices. Experiments on two devices of the same model show a small variation of the power playback consumption and a lack of dependence between the power consumption and the battery level. We have implemented an automatic system that includes the VEQE Android application to measure the power consumption of decoders and a server to collect the power metrics. Our system has collected power-consumption and decoding-speed dataset for video-decoders of six standards (AV1, HEVC, VP9, H.264, VP8, and MPEG-4) operating on 285 devices, representing 147 models. We demonstrate some slices of the created dataset: the top 30 models and video-decoders in terms of power efficiency for playback and for decoding only, as well as video-decoder ratings by power consumption and decoding speed for a given device model.

cs.MM↗

Shot boundary detection method based on a new extensive dataset and mixed features

Shot boundary detection in video is one of the key stages of video data processing. A new method for shot boundary detection based on several video features, such as color histograms and object boundaries, has been proposed. The developed algorithm was tested on the open BBC Planet Earth [1] and RAI [2] datasets, and the MSU CC datasets, based on videos used in the video codec comparison conducted at MSU, as well as videos from the IBM set, were also plotted. The total dataset for algorithm development and testing exceeded the known TRECVID datasets. Based on the test results, the proposed algorithm for scene change detection outperformed its counterparts with a final F-score of 0.9794.

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Hacking VMAF and VMAF NEG: vulnerability to different preprocessing methods

Video-quality measurement plays a critical role in the development of video-processing applications. In this paper, we show how video preprocessing can artificially increase the popular quality metric VMAF and its tuning-resistant version, VMAF NEG. We propose a pipeline that tunes processing-algorithm parameters to increase VMAF by up to 218.8%. A subjective comparison revealed that for most preprocessing methods, a video's visual quality drops or stays unchanged. We also show that some preprocessing methods can increase VMAF NEG scores by up to 23.6%.

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Objective video quality metrics application to video codecs comparisons: choosing the best for subjective quality estimation

Quality assessment plays a key role in creating and comparing video compression algorithms. Despite the development of a large number of new methods for assessing quality, generally accepted and well-known codecs comparisons mainly use the classical methods like PSNR, SSIM and new method VMAF. These methods can be calculated following different rules: they can use different frame-by-frame averaging techniques or different summation of color components. In this paper, a fundamental comparison of various versions of generally accepted metrics is carried out to find the most relevant and recommended versions of video quality metrics to be used in codecs comparisons. For comparison, we used a set of videos encoded with video codecs of different standards, and visual quality scores collected for the resulting set of streams since 2018 until 2021

cs.MM↗

Deep Two-Stage High-Resolution Image Inpainting

In recent years, the field of image inpainting has developed rapidly, learning based approaches show impressive results in the task of filling missing parts in an image. But most deep methods are strongly tied to the resolution of the images on which they were trained. A slight resolution increase leads to serious artifacts and unsatisfactory filling quality. These methods are therefore unsuitable for interactive image processing. In this article, we propose a method that solves the problem of inpainting arbitrary-size images. We also describe a way to better restore texture fragments in the filled area. For this, we propose to use information from neighboring pixels by shifting the original image in four directions. Moreover, this approach can work with existing inpainting models, making them almost resolution independent without the need for retraining. We also created a GIMP plugin that implements our technique. The plugin, code, and model weights are available at https://github.com/a-mos/High_Resolution_Image_Inpainting.

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Barriers towards no-reference metrics application to compressed video quality analysis: on the example of no-reference metric NIQE

This paper analyses the application of no-reference metric NIQE to the task of video-codec comparison. A number of issues in the metric behaviour on videos was detected and described. The metric has outlying scores on black and solid-coloured frames. The proposed averaging technique for metric quality scores helped to improve the results in some cases. Also, NIQE has low-quality scores for videos with detailed textures and higher scores for videos of lower bitrates due to the blurring of these textures after compression. Although NIQE showed natural results for many tested videos, it is not universal and currently can not be used for video-codec comparisons.

cs.MM↗

Hacking VMAF with Video Color and Contrast Distortion

Video quality measurement takes an important role in many applications. Full-reference quality metrics which are usually used in video codecs comparisons are expected to reflect any changes in videos. In this article, we consider different color corrections of compressed videos which increase the values of full-reference metric VMAF and almost don't decrease other widely-used metric SSIM. The proposed video contrast enhancement approach shows the metric inapplicability in some cases for video codecs comparisons, as it may be used for cheating in the comparisons via tuning to improve this metric values.

cs.MM↗

Predicting video saliency using crowdsourced mouse-tracking data

This paper presents a new way of getting high-quality saliency maps for video, using a cheaper alternative to eye-tracking data. We designed a mouse-contingent video viewing system which simulates the viewers' peripheral vision based on the position of the mouse cursor. The system enables the use of mouse-tracking data recorded from an ordinary computer mouse as an alternative to real gaze fixations recorded by a more expensive eye-tracker. We developed a crowdsourcing system that enables the collection of such mouse-tracking data at large scale. Using the collected mouse-tracking data we showed that it can serve as an approximation of eye-tracking data. Moreover, trying to increase the efficiency of collected mouse-tracking data we proposed a novel deep neural network algorithm that improves the quality of mouse-tracking saliency maps.

cs.CV↗

Improving Video Compression With Deep Visual-Attention Models

Recent advances in deep learning have markedly improved the quality of visual-attention modelling. In this work we apply these advances to video compression. We propose a compression method that uses a saliency model to adaptively compress frame areas in accordance with their predicted saliency. We selected three state-of-the-art saliency models, adapted them for video compression and analyzed their results. The analysis includes objective evaluation of the models as well as objective and subjective evaluation of the compressed videos. Our method, which is based on the x264 video codec, can produce videos with the same visual quality as regular x264, but it reduces the bitrate by 25% according to the objective evaluation and by 17% according to the subjective one. Also, both the subjective and objective evaluations demonstrate that saliency models can compete with gaze maps for a single observer. Our method can extend to most video bitstream formats and can improve video compression quality without requiring a switch to a new video encoding standard.

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