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Donghui Jeong

Publications and source records attributed to Donghui Jeong.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PowerFull: fast and accurate computation of the relativistic angular galaxy power spectrum including local primordial non-Gaussianity

Current and forthcoming wide-field galaxy surveys, such as SPHEREx and Euclid, provide a unique opportunity to probe the ultra-large scales of structure formation, where primordial non-Gaussianity, often parameterized by $f_\text{NL}$, is expected to leave its most detectable imprint. At the same time, these surveys inevitably enter regimes where relativistic and wide-angle effects become significant, requiring careful modeling to extract unbiased cosmological information. We address these challenges by applying the total-angular-momentum (TAM) formalism to describe redshift-space clustering beyond the flat-sky approximation. The standard Fourier-mode description, which characterizes distortions by the angle between a mode and a line of sight, becomes ill-defined over wide fields, whereas the TAM basis naturally separates radial and angular contributions and incorporates the relevant relativistic effects. Within this framework, we provide a new parameterization of wide-angle predictions that can be compared directly with survey data. We then introduce PowerFull, a modification of the Julia-based 2-FAST package, which enables efficient computation of the full relativistic angular power spectrum. Finally, using Fisher information matrix-based analyses, we show that a survey like SPHEREx reaches $σ(f_\text{NL}) \sim 1$, but that neglecting the relativistic and wide-angle contributions shifts the recovered $f_\text{NL}$ by an amount of order its own uncertainty: at this precision the inferred value is biased unless the clustering is modeled consistently.

astro-ph.CO

Planck isocurvature constraint on primordial black holes lighter than a kiloton

We demonstrate that primordial black holes (PBHs) lighter than $10^9 \, \text{g}$, which evaporated before the big bang nucleosynthesis, can induce significant isocurvature perturbations due to their biased clustering amplitude and the branching ratio of the Hawking radiation differing from the abundance ratio. By leveraging the upper bound on the isocurvature perturbations from the cosmic microwave background anisotropies reported by the Planck collaboration, we derive a new upper bound on the abundance of these light PBHs in the presence of primordial non-Gaussianity as a working example.

astro-ph.CO

Gravitational Wave Modeling of White-Dwarf--Compact-Object Binaries and Observational Outlook

We investigate the end stages of circular white-dwarf--compact-object binaries by developing a novel integrator implementing mass transfer and 2.5-order Post-Newtonian kinematics. White-dwarf--compact-object binaries are subject to two phases: a slow inspiral during which binary evolution is dominated by weak-gravity radiation reaction and a quicker ``outspiral" dominated by mass transfer. These systems have unique gravitational waveforms with several characteristic features including an accumulation of signal near the maximum cutoff frequency set by the transition between in- and outspiral. We investigate trends in gravitational wave parameters based on component masses. In particular, maximum cutoff frequency depends strongly on white dwarf mass and compactness. It is unlikely that extragalactic binaries will be measured by LISA or current or future terrestrial detectors. However, white-dwarf--compact-object binary end stages will be an important source for future decihertz detectors such as DECIGO and LGWA: The final inspiral of tens of white-dwarf--neutron-star binaries will be detected annually by LGWA, and millions of inspirals along with thousands of outspirals will be detected by DECIGO. The ultimate fates of these binaries are diverse and dependent upon the intricacies of angular momentum loss. In particular, we show that white dwarfs with partners of sufficiently low/high mass can end their lives in common envelopes/mergers, while white dwarfs do not enter contact with partners of intermediate mass. The highest frequencies produced by white-dwarf--compact-object binaries in our tests are 10--20 Hz---incapable of mimicking sub-solar-mass compact object signals in terrestrial detectors or explaining S251112cm-like signals.

astro-ph.HE

Dynamical Test of Cosmic Acceleration: $k$-nearest Neighbor Cross Correlation of Cosmic Microwave Background and Cosmic Infrared Background

The physical origin of cosmic acceleration remains one of the central questions in modern cosmology. The integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) and Rees-Sciama (RS) effects, which arise from the evolution of gravitational potentials, provide a dynamical test of cosmic acceleration. We measure the cross correlation between the Planck temperature map of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and a foreground-free map of the $100\,μ\mathrm{m}$ cosmic infrared background (CIB) from Y.-K. Chiang (2023), using the $k$-nearest neighbor cumulative distribution function ($k$NN-CDF). As the CIB map is reconstructed from ${\sim}600$ million Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer galaxies extending to $z\approx2.5$, the measurement is equivalent to a galaxy-CMB cross correlation. We find evidence for a positive cross correlation, rejecting the null hypothesis of no correlation at $p=0.02~(2.3σ)$ using the $χ^2$ test. We further quantify its amplitude with $A_{k\mathrm{NN}}$, defined relative to an assumed cosmological model, and obtain $A_{k\mathrm{NN}}=0.95\pm0.20~(4.8σ)$ with respect to $Λ\mathrm{CDM}$ mock data including the ISW and RS effects. The $k$NN-CDF analysis improves the detection significance by ${\sim}20\%$ over the two-point correlation function. We also explore evolving dark energy by constructing two tomographic maps from the full CIB map; the results are consistent with $Λ$CDM. Finer tomographic reconstruction of the CIB, for example from multiband data of SPHEREx, would further tighten constraints on evolving dark energy.

astro-ph.CO

A Parameter-Masked Mock Data Challenge for Beyond-Two-Point Galaxy Clustering Statistics

The last few years have seen the emergence of a wide array of novel techniques for analyzing high-precision data from upcoming galaxy surveys, which aim to extend the statistical analysis of galaxy clustering data beyond the linear regime and the canonical two-point (2pt) statistics. We test and benchmark some of these new techniques in a community data challenge "Beyond-2pt", initiated during the Aspen 2022 Summer Program "Large-Scale Structure Cosmology beyond 2-Point Statistics," whose first round of results we present here. The challenge dataset consists of high-precision mock galaxy catalogs for clustering in real space, redshift space, and on a light cone. Participants in the challenge have developed end-to-end pipelines to analyze mock catalogs and extract unknown ("masked") cosmological parameters of the underlying $Λ$CDM models with their methods. The methods represented are density-split clustering, nearest neighbor statistics, BACCO power spectrum emulator, void statistics, LEFTfield field-level inference using effective field theory (EFT), and joint power spectrum and bispectrum analyses using both EFT and simulation-based inference. In this work, we review the results of the challenge, focusing on problems solved, lessons learned, and future research needed to perfect the emerging beyond-2pt approaches. The unbiased parameter recovery demonstrated in this challenge by multiple statistics and the associated modeling and inference frameworks supports the credibility of cosmology constraints from these methods. The challenge data set is publicly available and we welcome future submissions from methods that are not yet represented.

astro-ph.CO

HETDEX [OII] galaxies at $z \le 0.48$: Volume-limited samples and their power spectra

The catalog from the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) Public Data Release 1 (PDR1) contains half a million emission-line-selected [OII] galaxies spread across $540~\mathrm{deg}^2$ at $z \le 0.48$ from HETDEX's unprecedented untargeted spectroscopic survey. In this paper, we construct volume-limited samples from PDR1 in three luminosity bins across the two main fields: "Spring'' and "Fall''. The numbers of galaxies in the bins range from 11,354 to 64,794 and number densities, $\bar{n}\simeq (2-5)\times10^{-3}~h^3~\mathrm{Mpc}^{-3}$, are higher than those of typical cosmological spectroscopic surveys of emission-line galaxies by a factor of five to ten. The monopole and quadrupole power spectra derived from these samples are in excellent agreement with the mock power spectra from the Uchuu simulation based on a flat $Λ$CDM model and the cosmological parameters from the Planck cosmic microwave background data, at all wavenumbers used for the measurement ($0.01<k<0.7~h~\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$). We find that the power spectrum amplitudes are consistent with a characteristic dark matter halo mass of $\log(M_0~[h^{-1}M_{\odot}])\simeq 11.9$-$12.3$, with the halo mass showing a weak dependence on [OII] luminosity, $M_0\propto L^a$, increasing with a slope of $a = 0.37\pm0.10$. The best-fit mock suggests that approximately 13 percent of the [OII] galaxies in our sample reside in subhalos. The new, high-density tracers of the underlying matter distribution presented in this paper provide precise measurements of clustering in a low-redshift regime sensitive to the late-time growth of structures. These samples will form the basis for forthcoming analyses of the redshift-space distortion effect, galaxy-halo connection, and cross-correlations with external low-redshift probes.

astro-ph.CO

Constructing a Mock Galaxy Catalog for the All-sky SPECtroscopic Survey of Nearby Galaxies (A-SPEC) Using the Machine-assisted Semi-Simulation Model

We present a methodology for constructing a mock galaxy catalog for the All-sky SPECtroscopic survey of nearby galaxies (A-SPEC) using the Machine-assisted Semi-Simulation Model. The model is trained on the cosmological magnetohydrodynamical simulation IllustrisTNG to predict baryonic properties of subhalos from dark-matter-only features and is applied to our own N-body simulation tailored to satisfy the requirements of A-SPEC. We have improved the model's accuracy by introducing additional features such as subhalo anisotropy parameters and modified definitions of the subhalo environment, which result in the coefficient of determination R^2=0.96, 0.90, 0.70, 0.79 for stellar mass, gas mass, star formation rate, and gas metallicity, respectively. The resulting mock galaxies reproduce the luminosity-dependent clustering of the target galaxies when tuned to match the number density. We discuss avenues for further improvement, including the role of environment in the predictions. We release the mock galaxy catalog with the baryonic properties predicted from the model.

astro-ph.CO

HETDEX Public Data Release 1: Source Catalog 2 and Data Cubes from ~90 sq deg of Integral-Field Optical Spectroscopy

The Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) is a wide-field, integral-field spectroscopic survey designed to map the large-scale distribution of Lyman-alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs) at 1.88 < z < 3.52 and constrain dark energy at cosmic noon. Using the 10-m Hobby-Eberly Telescope and the Visible Integral-Field Replicable Unit (IFU) Spectrograph, HETDEX obtains >35,000 spectra per exposure over 3500-5500 Å at R~800 with ~1.8 arcsec image quality, enabling an untargeted census of emission-line galaxies across 540 sq deg. We present HETDEX Public Data Release 1 (PDR1), comprising 431,713 IFU observations covering 86.67 sq deg of noncontiguous sky in the Spring (13h, +51°) and Fall (1.5h, 0°) fields, along with legacy regions (COSMOS, GOODS-N, NEP, SA22). PDR1 includes the HETDEX Public Source Catalog 2 (HPSC2), an expanded and reprocessed version of Mentuch Cooper et al. (2023) incorporating four additional years of data, improved quality control, and new machine learning classifiers. HPSC2 contains 426,654 LAEs, 491,411 [O II] emitters, 19,457 low-z galaxies, 18,303 active galactic nuclei, and 150,608 stars, providing coordinates, redshifts or stellar velocities, and 1D spectra for each source. Because the data cubes use local sky subtraction optimized for faint emission-line detection, they are not suited for absolute surface-brightness measurements or very extended nearby galaxies. Appendix materials include the full detection catalog, the 1.6 million-candidate LAE sample, and raw detection databases. All products are publicly accessible through the HETDEX data portal (https://hetdex.org/data-results/), including access to a public JupyterLab. HPSC2 is also publicly available via Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19581262).

astro-ph.GA

Golden and Silver Dark Sirens for precise H0 measurement with HETDEX

Gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences are standard sirens that provide a direct measure of the source's luminosity distance, enabling an independent measurement of the Hubble constant (H0). While a bright siren -- a GW event with an identified electromagnetic (EM) counterpart -- provided the first such constraint, most detections, currently dominated by black hole mergers, lack EM signatures. A measurement of H0 is still possible with these dark sirens by statistically associating GW events with galaxies in existing catalogs based on the sky localization. In this work, we explore the potential of two subsets of sirens: rare golden dark sirens, for which a single galaxy dominates the H0 posterior, and silver dark sirens, which are far more common but have a larger set of plausible host galaxies. Using the fifth internal data release of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX), we assess the suitability of the Visible Integral-field Replicable Unit Spectrograph (VIRUS) for spectroscopic follow-up of dark sirens. VIRUS exposures of the standard HETDEX depth provide precise redshifts and exquisite completeness within z = 0.2. After a single year of observations with the upgraded LIGO-A# network, the combined sample of golden and silver dark sirens with z < 0.2 and follow-up VIRUS observations can potentially yield a few-percent constraint on H0. Our predictions suggest that spectroscopic redshift surveys such as HETDEX can play a key role in realizing high-precision cosmology with dark sirens in the near future. Standard-siren distance measurements offer a critical, fully independent path to the local value of H0 to resolve the Hubble tension.

astro-ph.CO

Towards A Universal Analytical Model of Population III Star Formation: A Bridge Between Cosmological Scales and Protostars

We construct an analytical model of Population III star formation that connects the cosmological radiation background to sub-AU protostellar disk fragmentation, a dynamic range inaccessible to any single simulation. Our approach is based on combining separate models of the disparate relevant scales: from the cosmological environment to the host-halo scale, from the halo scale to the scale of the star-forming cloud, and from the cloud scale to the fragmenting, accreting protostellar disk. Individually and collectively, the models agree well with the predictions of state of the art simulations, while remaining computationally inexpensive and physically transparent. As an example of the applicability of the model, we study the effects of varying the Lyman-Werner flux on the Pop. III star formation efficiency. We show that depending on the halo properties and the strength of the dissociating radiation field, the halo-scale Pop. III star formation efficiency varies by more than two orders of magnitude from $\varepsilon_{\rm SFE,H} \approx 10^{-3}$ to $\varepsilon_{\rm SFE, H} \approx 0.5$. The abrupt transitions between hydrogen-deuteride cooling (in low virial temperature mini-halos subjected to low radiation backgrounds), molecular hydrogen cooling (at intermediate temperatures and radiation intensities), and atomic cooling (in higher temperature halos exposed to strong radiation fields) produces sharp features in the halo-scale star formation efficiency as a function of the halo properties. Meanwhile, at the scale of individual star-forming clouds, the star formation efficiency is $\varepsilon_{\rm SFE,c} \gtrsim 0.2$. That is, pristine gas in a halo is converted into unstable clouds at a wide range of efficiencies, and these unstable clouds are efficiently converted into Pop. III stars.

astro-ph.GA

Lyα Intensity Mapping in HETDEX: Galaxy-Lyα Intensity Cross-Power Spectrum

We present a measurement of the Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) intensity mapping power spectrum from the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX). We measure the cross-power spectrum of the Ly$α$ intensity and Ly$α$-emitting galaxies (LAEs) in a redshift range of $1.9 < z < 3.5$. We calculate the intensity from HETDEX spectra that do not contain any detected LAEs above a signal-to-noise ratio of $5.5$. To produce a power spectrum model and its covariance matrix, we simulate the data using lognormal mocks for the LAE catalog and Ly$α$ intensity in redshift space. The simulations include the HETDEX sensitivity, selection function, and mask. The measurements yield the product of the LAE bias, the intensity bias, the mean intensity of undetected sources, and the ratio of the actual and fiducial redshift-space distortion parameters, $b_\mathrm{g} b_I \langle I \rangle \bar{F}_{\rm RSD} / \bar{F}^{\rm fid}_{\rm RSD}= (6.7 \pm 3.1)$, $(11.7 \pm 1.4)$, and $(8.3 \pm 1.5) \times 10^{-22} \, \text{erg}\, \text{s}^{-1} \, \text{cm}^{-2} \, \text{arcsec}^{-2} \, \text{Å}^{-1}$ in three redshift bins centered at $\bar z=2.1$, 2.6, and 3.2, respectively. The results are reasonably consistent with cosmological hydrodynamical simulations that include Ly$α$ radiative transfer. They are, however, significantly smaller than previous results from cross-correlations of quasars with Ly$α$ intensity. These results demonstrate the statistical power of HETDEX for Ly$α$ intensity mapping and pave the way for a more comprehensive analysis. They will also be useful for constraining models of Ly$α$ emission from galaxies used in modern cosmological simulations of galaxy formation and evolution.

astro-ph.CO

A New Collision Avoidance Fiber Assignment Algorithm for Robotic Fiber Positioners in Multi-Object Spectroscopy

We present a new fiber assignment algorithm for a robotic fiber positioner system in multi-object spectroscopy. Modern fiber positioner systems typically have overlapping patrol regions, resulting in the number of observable targets being highly dependent on the fiber assignment scheme. To maximize observable targets without fiber collisions, the algorithm proceeds in three steps. First, it assigns the maximum number of targets for a given field of view without considering any collisions between fiber positioners. Then, the fibers in collision are grouped, and the algorithm finds the optimal solution resolving the collision problem within each group. We compare the results from this new algorithm with those from a simple algorithm that assigns targets in descending order of their rank by considering collisions. As a result, we could increase the overall completeness of target assignments by 10% with this new algorithm in comparison with the case using the simple algorithm in a field with 150 fibers. Our new algorithm is designed for the All-sky SPECtroscopic survey of nearby galaxies (A-SPEC) based on the K-SPEC spectrograph system, but can also be applied to similar fiber-based systems with heavily overlapping fiber positioners.

astro-ph.IM

Revealing Hidden Cosmic Flows through the Zone of Avoidance with Deep Learning

We present a refined deep-learning-based method to reconstruct the three-dimensional dark matter density, gravitational potential, and peculiar velocity fields in the Zone of Avoidance (ZOA), a region near the galactic plane with limited observational data. Using a convolutional neural network (V-Net) trained on A-SIM simulation data, our approach reconstructs density or potential fields from galaxy positions and radial peculiar velocities. The full 3D peculiar velocity field is then derived from the reconstructed potential. We validate the method with mocks that mimic the spatial distribution of the Cosmicflows-4 (CF4) catalog and apply it to actual data. Given CF4's significant observational uncertainties and since our model does not yet account for them, we use peculiar velocities corrected via an existing Hamiltonian Monte Carlo reconstruction, rather than raw catalog distances. Our results demonstrate that the reconstructed density field recovers known galaxy clusters detected in an H \textsc{i} survey of the ZOA, despite this dataset not being used in the reconstruction. This agreement underscores the potential of our method to reveal structures in data-sparse regions. Most notably, streamline convergence and watershed analysis identify a mass concentration consistent with the Great Attractor, at $(l, b) = (308.4^\circ \pm 2.4^\circ, 29.0^\circ \pm 1.9^\circ)$ and $cz = 4960.1 \pm 404.4,{\rm km/s}$, for 64\% of realizations. Our method is particularly valuable as it does not rely on data point density, enabling accurate reconstruction in data-sparse regions and offering strong potential for future surveys with more extensive galaxy datasets.

astro-ph.CO

Determining the Hubble Constant through Cross-Correlation of Galaxies and Gravitational Waves

Gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens have the potential to measure the Hubble constant $H_0$ in the local universe independently of the distance ladder, and thus offer unique new insights into the Hubble tension. A key challenge with standard sirens is detecting their electromagnetic counterparts, and therefore assigning redshifts to the measured distances. One promising way to proceed is to utilize GW `dark sirens' -- events without an identified electromagnetic counterpart -- and cross-correlate their angular distribution with that of galaxies. We present a quantitative study of how precisely the Hubble constant can be measured using tomographic cross-correlation between galaxies and GW sources. Overall, we find that the constraints on $H_0$ will be limited by the quality and quantity of GW data. We find that percent-level constraints on $H_0$ will primarily depend on achieving small distance uncertainties ($σ_{d_L}=0.1\,d_L$), obtaining a large number of GW dark sirens ($\gtrsim$$5{,}000$), and accurate sky localization in the tomographic analysis.

astro-ph.CO

DESI Spectroscopy of HETDEX Emission-line Candidates I: Line Discrimination Validation

The Hobby-Eberly Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) is an untargeted spectroscopic galaxy survey that uses Ly$α$ emitting galaxies (LAEs) as tracers of 1.9 < z < 3.5 large scale structure. Most detections consist of a single emission line, whose identity is inferred via a Bayesian analysis of ancillary data. To determine the accuracy of these line identifications, HETDEX detections were observed with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). In two DESI pointings, high confidence spectroscopic redshifts are obtained for 1157 sources, including 982 LAEs. The DESI spectra are used to evaluate the accuracy of the HETDEX object classifications, and tune the methodology to achieve the HETDEX science requirement of $\lesssim 2\%$ contamination of the LAE sample by low-redshift emission-line galaxies, while still assigning $96\%$ of the true Ly$α$ emission sample with the correct spectroscopic redshift. We compare emission line measurements between the two experiments assuming a simple Gaussian line fitting model. Fitted values for the central wavelength of the emission line, the measured line flux and line widths are consistent between the surveys within uncertainties. Derived spectroscopic redshifts, from the two classification pipelines, when both agree as an LAE classification, are consistent to within $\langle Δz / (1 + z) \rangle = 6.9\times 10^{-5}$ with an rms scatter of $3.3\times 10^{-4}$.

astro-ph.CO

SHH method for SIDM: An SIDM-hydro hybrid method for simulating self-interacting dark matter

We present a new scheme to couple existing numerical methods for elastic self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) to the hydrodynamic equations via a continuous function of the local Knudsen number. The method, an SIDM-hydro hybrid (SHH), allows more efficient simulation of the evolution of inhomogeneous halos deep into the regime of gravothermal collapse. With the improved efficiency gained by moving to a hydrodynamical description in high-density regions, the SHH method allows central densities of two orders of magnitude higher to be reached in considerably less simulation time than traditional methods. Our implementation should be considered as the first step toward a robust SHH method, as we interpolate the first and second moments of the Boltzmann equation in the ideal-fluid limit only. The simulation results are qualitatively similar to those found with other methods, although there are differences in the implementation of the primary physics driving the dynamics, and in the details of the resulting halo profiles. However, our results indicate that the SHH technique shows promise to investigate gravothermal collapse in diverse, dynamical environments. The method can be extended to incorporate non-ideal fluid terms and dissipation, as needed for dark-matter scenarios where interactions beyond the elastic regime may be important in the dense interiors of some halos.

astro-ph.CO

Large-Scale-Structure Observables in General Relativity Validated at Second Order

We present a second-order calculation of relativistic large-scale-structure observables in cosmological perturbation theory, specifically the "cosmic rulers and clock", which are the building-blocks of any other large-scale-structure observable, including galaxy number counts, on large scales. We calculate the scalar rulers (longitudinal perturbation and magnification) and the cosmic clock to second order, using a fully non-linear covariant definition of the observables. We validate our formulae on three non-trivial space-time metrics: two of them are null tests on metrics which are obtained by applying a gauge transformation to the background space-time, while the third is the "separate universe" curved background, for which we can also compute the observables exactly. We then illustrate the results by evaluating the second-order observables in a simplified symmetric setup. On large scales, they are suppressed over the linear contributions by $\sim 10^{-4}$, while they become comparable to the linear contributions on mildly non-linear scales. The results of this paper form a significant (and the most complicated) part of the relativistic galaxy number density at second order.

astro-ph.CO

An Analytic Model of Gravitational Collapse Induced by Radiative Cooling: Instability Scale, Infall Velocity, and Accretion Rate

We present an analytic description of the spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of radiatively cooling gas clouds, which illustrates the mechanism by which radiative cooling induces gravitational instability at a characteristic mass scale determined by the microphysics of the gas. The approach is based on developing the "one-zone" density-temperature relationship of the gas into a full dynamical model. We convert this density-temperature relationship into a barotropic equation of state, which we use to calculate the density and velocity profiles of the gas. From these quantities, we calculate the time-dependent mass accretion rate onto the center of the cloud. The approach clarifies the mechanism by which radiative cooling induces gravitational instability. In particular, we distinguish the rapid, quasi-equilibrium contraction of a cooling gas core to high central densities from the legitimate instability this contraction establishes in the envelope. We develop a refined criterion for the mass scale of this instability, based only on the chemical-thermal evolution in the core. We explicate our model in the context of a primordial mini-halo cooled by molecular hydrogen, and then provide two further examples, a delayed collapse with hydrogen deuteride cooling and the collapse of an atomic cooling halo. In all three cases, we show that our results agree well with full hydrodynamical treatments.

astro-ph.GA