arXiv subjects

Duong Van Loi

Publications and source records attributed to Duong Van Loi.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2023

Novel effects of the $W$-boson mass shift in the 3-3-1 model

The recent precision measurement of the $W$-boson mass reveals an exciting hint for the new physics as of the 3-3-1 model. We indicate that the 3-3-1 model contains distinct sources by itself that may cause the $W$-mass deviation, as measured, such as the tree-level $Z$-$Z'$ mixing, the tree-level $W$-$Y$ and $Z$-$Z'$-$X$ mixings, as well as the non-degenerate gauge vector $(X,Y)$ and new Higgs doublets. We point out that the gauge vector doublet negligibly contributes to this mass shift, whereas the rest of the effects with tree-level mixings governed by $Z$-$Z'$ and new Higgs doublets are significant. A discussion of scalar sextet contributions is also given.

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arXiv2022

Dequantization of electric charge: Probing scenarios of cosmological multi-component dark matter

Since the electric charge in the standard model is theoretically not quantized, we may have a variant of it, called dark charge. Similar to the electric charge, the dark charge neither commutes nor closes algebraically with $SU(2)_L$. The condition of algebraic closure leads to a novel gauge extension, $SU(2)_L \otimes U(1)_Y \otimes U(1)_N$, where $Y$ and $N$ determine the electric and dark charges, respectively, apart from the color group. We argue that the existence of the dark charge, thus $N$, leads to novel scenarios of multi-component dark matter, in general. The dark matter stability is determined by a residual (or dark charge) gauge symmetry isomorphic to an even $Z_k$ discrete group, where $k$ is specified dependent on the value of the neutrino dark charge. This residual symmetry divides the standard model particles into distinct classes, which possibly accommodate dark matter, but each dark matter candidate cannot decay due to the color and electric charge conservation. We analyze in detail three specific models according to $k=2,4,6$ and determine the simplest dark matter candidates. For small $U(1)_N$ coupling, the two-component dark matter scenarios implied by the dark charge successfully explain the dark matter relic density and the recent XENON1T excess, as well as the beam dump, neutrino scattering, and astrophysical bounds. Otherwise, for large $U(1)_N$ coupling, we have multi-WIMPs coexisted beyond the weak scale.

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arXiv2022

Dark charge versus electric charge

We revisit a theory that proposes a dark charge, $D$, as a dequantization of the electric charge, $Q$. We find that the general arguments of anomaly cancelation and fermion mass generation yield both $D$ and $Q$, nontrivially unified with the weak isospin $T_i$ $(i={1,2,3})$ in a novel gauge symmetry, $SU(3)_C\otimes SU(2)_L\otimes U(1)_Y\otimes U(1)_N$, where $Y$ and $N$ determine $Q$ and $D$ through the $T_3$ operator, i.e. $Q=T_3+Y$ and $D=T_3+N$, respectively. A new observation is that fundamental particles possess a dynamical dark charge which governs both neutrino mass and dark matter, where the neutrino mass is determined via a canonical seesaw, while the dark matter stability is ensured by electric and color charge conservations. We examine the mass spectra of fermions, scalars, and gauge bosons, as well as their interactions, taking into account the kinetic mixing effect of $U(1)_{Y,N}$ gauge fields. The new physics phenomena at colliders are examined. The dark matter relic density and detection are discussed.

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arXiv2021

Gauge origin of double dark parity and implication for dark matter

Dark matter must be stabilized over the cosmological timescale, which demands the existence of a stabilizing symmetry, derived by a dark charge, $D$. The existence of this dark charge may affect the quantization of electric charge, which theoretically shifts the electric charge, thus the hypercharge to a novel gauge extension, $SU(3)_C\otimes SU(2)_L\otimes U(1)_Y\otimes U(1)_N$, where $N$ determines $D=T_3+N$, similar to $Q=T_3+Y$. New observation of this work is that the dark charge is broken down to two kinds of dark parity, $Z_2$ and $Z'_2$, which subsequently imply three scenarios of dark matter. The relic density and direct detection for the scenario of two-component dark matter are investigated in detail.

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arXiv2021

Novel imprint of a vector doublet

It is shown that the presence of a vector doublet is suitable to address neutrino mass, dark matter, and the recent muon anomalous magnetic moment.

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arXiv2021

Dark matter in the fully flipped 3-3-1-1 model

We present the features of the fully flipped 3-3-1-1 model and show that this model leads to dark matter candidates naturally. We study two dark matter scenarios corresponding to the triplet fermion and singlet scalar candidates, and we determine the viable parameter regimes constrained from the observed relic density and direct detection experiments.

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arXiv2021

Canonical seesaw implication for two-component dark matter

We show that the canonical seesaw mechanism implemented by the $U(1)_{B-L}$ gauge symmetry provides two-component dark matter naturally. The seesaw scale that breaks $B-L$ defines a residual gauge symmetry to be $Z_6=Z_2\otimes Z_3$, where $Z_2$ leads to the usual matter parity, while $Z_3$ is newly recognized, transforming quark fields nontrivially. The dark matter components -- that transform nontrivially under the matter parity and $Z_3$, respectively -- can gain arbitrary masses, despite the fact that the $Z_3$ dark matter may be heavier than the light quarks $u,d$. This dark matter setup can address the XENON1T anomaly recently observed and other observables, given that the dark matter masses are nearly degenerate, heavier than the electron and the $B-L$ gauge boson $Z'$, as well as the fast-moving $Z_3$ dark matter has a large $B-L$ charge, while the $Z'$ is viably below the beam dump experiment sensitive regime.

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arXiv2020

Multicomponent dark matter in noncommutative $B-L$ gauge theory

It is shown that for a higher weak isospin symmetry, $SU(P)_L$ with $P\geq 3$, the baryon minus lepton charge $B-L$ neither commutes nor closes algebraically with $SU(P)_L$ similar to the electric charge $Q$, which all lead to a $SU(3)_C\otimes SU(P)_L\otimes U(1)_X\otimes U(1)_N$ gauge completion, where $X$ and $N$ determine $Q$ and $B-L$, respectively. As a direct result, the neutrinos obtain appropriate masses via a canonical seesaw. While the version with $P=3$ supplies the schemes of single-component dark matter well established in the literature, we prove in this work that the models with $P\geq 4$ provide the novel scenarios of multicomponent dark matter, which contain simultaneously at least $P-2$ stable candidates, respectively. In this setup, the multicomponet dark matter is nontrivially unified with normal matter by gauge multiplets, and their stability is ensured by a residual gauge symmetry which is a remnant of the gauge symmetry after spontaneous symmetry breaking. The three versions with $P=4$ according to the new lepton electric charges are detailedly investigated. The mass spectrum of the scalar sector is diagonalized when the scale of the $U(1)_N$ breaking is much higher than that of the usual 3-4-1 symmetry breaking. All the interactions of gauge bosons with fermions and scalars are obtained. We figure out viable parameter regimes given that the multicomponent dark matter satisfies the Planck and (in)direct detection experiments.

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arXiv2020

Asymmetric matter from $B-L$ symmetry breaking

The present matter content of our universe may be governed by a $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry -- the simplest gauge completion of the seesaw mechanism which produces small neutrino masses. The matter parity results as a residual gauge symmetry, implying dark matter stability. The Higgs field that breaks the $B-L$ charge inflates the early universe successfully and then decays to right-handed neutrinos, which reheats the universe and generates both normal matter and dark matter manifestly.

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arXiv2020

Neutrino mass and dark matter from an approximate $B-L$ symmetry

We argue that neutrino mass and dark matter can arise from an approximate $B-L$ symmetry. This idea can be realized in a minimal setup of the flipped 3-3-1 model, which discriminates lepton families while keeping universal quark families and uses only two scalar triplets in order for symmetry breaking and mass generation. This proposal contains naturally an approximate non-Abelian $B-L$ symmetry which consequently leads to an approximate matter parity. The approximate symmetries produce small neutrino masses in terms of type II and III seesaws and may make dark matter long lived. Additionally, dark matter candidate is either unified with the Higgs doublet by gauge symmetry or acted as an inert multiplet. The Peccei-Quinn symmetry is discussed. The gauge and scalar sectors are exactly diagonalized. The signals of the new physics at colliders are examined.

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arXiv2019

Kinetic mixing effect in noncommutative $B-L$ gauge theory

It is well established that the $SU(P)_L$ gauge symmetry for $P\geq 3$ can address the question of fermion generation number due to the anomaly cancellation, but it neither commutes nor closes algebraically with electric and baryon-minus-lepton charges. Hence, two $U(1)$ factors that determine such charges are required, yielding a complete gauge symmetry, $SU(P)_L\otimes U(1)_X\otimes U(1)_N$, apart from the color group. The resulting theory manifestly provides neutrino mass, dark matter, inflation, and baryon asymmetry of the universe. Furthermore, this gauge structure may present kinetic mixing effects associated to the $U(1)$ gauge fields, which affect the electroweak precision test such as the $ρ$ parameter and $Z$ couplings as well as the new physics processes. We will construct the model, examine the interplay between the kinetic mixing and those due to the symmetry breaking, and obtain the physical results in detail.

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