arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E. Ballico.
In this paper we address the postulation problem of zero-dimensional schemes on a surface of length at most 4. We prove some general results and then we focus on the case of P2, P1xP1 and Hirzebruch surfarces. In particular, we prove that except for few well-known exceptions, a general union of schemes of length at most 4 has always good postulation in P2 and in P1xP1.
We discuss the role of hyperelliptic fibrations in F-theory. For each even integer $n$ we give a noncompact Calabi--Yau threefold $X$ containing a hyperelliptically fibered surface $Y$, such that $X$ and $Y$ are homotopy equivalent and $c_2(X) = n$. We investigate two distinct cases depending on the position of the hyperelliptic fibration. First, we propose to extend F-theory considering hyperelliptic fibrations, giving an identification between the determinant of the period matrix and the axio-dilaton. Such an identification requires that the curve satisfies an appropriate criterium which we describe. Our explicit examples have split Jacobian, preserve the same number of degrees of freedom of usual F-theory, while allowing for the appearance of a greater variety of singularities. Second, when the hyperelliptic fibration is contained in the base of a Calabi--Yau fourfold, we show that tadpole cancellation conditions are satisfied for arbitrarily large values of $c_2(X)$.
Let $L$ be a degree $2$ Galois extension of the field $K$ and $M$ an $n\times n$ matrix with coefficients in $L$. Let $\langle \ ,\ \rangle : L^n\times L^n\to L$ be the sesquilinear form associated to the involution $L\to L$ fixing $K$. We use $\langle \ ,\ \rangle$ to define the numerical range $\mathrm{Num} (M)$ of $M$ (a subset of $L$), extending the classical case $K=\mathbb {R}$, $L=\mathbb {C}$ and the case of a finite field introduced by Coons, Jenkins, Knowles, Luke and Rault. There are big differences with respect to both cases for number fields and for all fields in which the image of the norm map $L\to K$ is not closed by addition, e.g., $c\in L$ may be an eigenvalue of $M$, but $c\notin \mathrm{Num} (M)$. We compute $\mathrm{Num} (M)$ in some case, mostly with $n=2$.
Take a smooth, connected and non-degenerate projective curve $X\subset \mathbb {P}^r$, $r\ge 2b+2\ge 6$, defined over an algebraically closed field with characteristic $0$ and let $σ_b(X)$ be the $b$-secant variety of $X$. We prove that the $X$-rank of $q$ is at least $b+1$ for a non-empty codimension $1$ locally closed subset of $σ_b(X)$.
Let $q$ be a prime power. For $u=(u_1,\dots ,u_n), v=(v_1,\dots ,v_n)\in \mathbb {F}_{q^2}^n$ let $\langle u,v\rangle := \sum _{i=1}^{n} u_i^qv_i$ be the Hermitian form of $\mathbb {F} _{q^2}^n$. Fix an $n\times n$ matrix $M$ over $\mathbb {F} _{q^2}$. We study the case $k=0$ of the set $\mathrm{Num} _k(M):= \{\langle u,Mu\rangle \mid u\in \mathbb {F} _{q^2}, \langle u,u\rangle =k\}$. When $M$ has coefficients in $\mathbb {F} _q$ we study the set $\mathrm{Num} _0(M)_q:= \{\langle u,Mu\rangle \mid u\in \mathbb {F} _q^n\}\subseteq \mathbb {F} _q$. The set $\mathrm{Num} _1(M)$ is the numerical range of $M$, previously introduced in a paper by Coons, Jenkins, Knowles, Luke and Rault (case $q$ a prime $p\equiv 3\pmod{4}$) and by myself (arbitrary $q$). We study in details $\mathrm{Num} _0(M)$ and $\mathrm{Num} _0(M)_q$ when $n=2$. If $q$ is even, $\mathrm{Num} _0(M)_q$ is easily described for arbitrary $n$.
Let $L$ be a degree $2$ Galois extension of the field $K$ and $M$ an $n\times n$ matrix with coefficients in $L$. Let $\langle \ ,\ \rangle : L^n\times L^n\to L$ be the sesquilinear form associated to the involution $σ: L\to L$ fixing $K$. This sesquilinear form defines the numerical range $\mathrm{Num}(M)$ of any $n\times n$ matrix over $L$. In this paper we study the convexity of $\mathrm{Num}(M)$ (under certain assumptions on $K$ and/or $M$). Many of the results are for ordered fields.
[GGSM2] showed that height functions give adjoint orbits of semisimple Lie algebras the structure of symplectic Lefschetz fibrations (superpotential of the LG model in the language of mirror symmetry). We describe how to extend the superpotential to compactifications. Our results explore the geometry of the adjoint orbit from 2 points of view: algebraic geometry and Lie theory.
Let $C$ be a smooth curve with gonality $k\ge 6$ and genus $g\ge 2k^2+5k-6$. We prove that $W^1_d({C})$ has the expected dimension and that the general element of any irreducible component of $W^1_d({C})$ is primitive if either $g-k+4\le d\le g-2$ or $d=g-k+3$ and either $k$ is odd or $C$ is not a double covering of a curve of gonality $k/2$ and genus $k-3$. Even in the latter case we prove the existence of a complete and primitive $g^1_{g-k+3}$.
We study the postulation of a general union $X\subset \mathbb {P}^3$ of one m-point $mP$ and $t$ disjoint lines. We prove that it has the expected Hilbert function, proving a conjecture by E. Carlini, M. V. Catalisano and A. V. Geramita.
Let $C\subset \mathbb {P}^n$ be a smooth curve and $N_C$ its normal bundle. $N_C$ satisfies strong interpolation if for all integers $s>0$ and $λ_i\in \{0,1,\dots ,n-1\}$, $1\le i \le s$, there are distinct points $P_1,\dots ,P_s\in C$ and linear subspaces $U_i\subseteq E|P_i$ such that $\dim (U_i)= λ_i$ for all $i$ and the evaluation map $H^0(E)\to \oplus _{i=1}^{s} U_i$ has maximal rank (A. Atanasios). We prove that $C$ satisfies strong interpolation if either $C$ is a linearly normal elliptic curve or $C$ is a general embedding of degree $d\ge (5n-8)g+2n^2-5n+4$ of a smooth curve $X$ of genus $g\ge 2$.
Recently Fukasawa, Homma and Kim introduced and studied certain projective singular curves over $\mathbb {F}_q$ with many extremal properties. Here we extend their definition to more general non-rational curves.
Here we prove that the minimal free resolution of a general space curve of large degree (e.g. a general space curve of degree d and genus g with d g+3, except for finitely many pairs (d,g)) is the expected one. A similar result holds even for general curves with special hyperplane section and, roughly, d g/2. The proof uses the so-called methode d'Horace.
Let $F$ be a homogeneous polynomial of degree $d$ in $m+1$ variables defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 and suppose that $F$ belongs to the $s$-th secant variety of the $d$-uple Veronese embedding of $\mathbb{P}^m$ into $ \PP {{m+d\choose d}-1}$ but that its minimal decomposition as a sum of $d$-th powers of linear forms requires more than $s$ addenda. We show that if $s\leq d$ then $F$ can be uniquely written as $F=M_1^d+\cdots + M_t^d+Q$, where $M_1, \ldots, M_t$ are linear forms with $t\leq (d-1)/2$, and $Q$ a binary form such that $Q=\sum_{i=1}^q l_i^{d-d_i}m_i$ with $l_i$'s linear forms and $m_i$'s forms of degree $d_i$ such that $\sum (d_i+1)=s-t$.
In this paper we construct, for every n, smooth varieties of general type of dimension n with the first $\lfloor \frac{n-2}{3} \rfloor$ plurigenera equal to zero. Hacon-McKernan, Takayama and Tsuji have recently shown that there are numbers $r_n$ such that, for all r > $r_n$, the r-canonical map of every variety of general type of dimension n is birational. Our examples show that $r_n$ grows at least quadratically as a function of n. Moreover they show that the minimal volume of a variety of general type of dimension n is smaller than $\frac{3^{n+1}}{(n-1)^{n}}$. In addition we prove that for every positive rational number q there are smooth varieties of general type with volume q and dimension arbitrarily big.
We give a partial "quasi-stratification" of the secant varieties of the order $d$ Veronese variety $X_{m,d}$ of $\mathbb {P}^m$. It covers the set $σ_t(X_{m,d})^{\dagger}$ of all points lying on the linear span of curvilinear subschemes of $X_{m,d}$, but two "quasi-strata" may overlap. For low border rank two different "quasi-strata" are disjoint and we compute the symmetric rank of their elements. Our tool is the Hilbert schemes of curvilinear subschemes of Veronese varieties. To get a stratification we attach to each $P\in σ_t(X_{m,d})^{\dagger}$ the minimal label of a quasi-stratum containing it.
Here we study vector bundles $E$ on the Hirzebruch surface $F_e$ such that their twists by a spanned, but not ample, line bundle $M = \mathcal {O}_{F_e}(h+ef)$ have natural cohomology, i.e. $h^0(F_e,E(tM)) >0$ implies $h^1(F_e,E(tM)) = 0$.
Let $X$ be a smooth Fano manifold equipped with a `` nice '' $n$-blocks collection in the sense of \cite{cm2} and $\mathcal {F}$ a coherent sheaf on $X$. Assume that $X$ is Fano and that all blocks are coherent sheaves. Here we prove that $\mathcal {F}$ has regularity $-\infty$ in the sense of \cite{cm2} if ${Supp}(\mathcal {F})$ is finite, the converse being true under mild assumptions. The corresponding result is also true when $X$ has a geometric collection in the sense of \cite{cm1}.
We generalize the classical Terracini's Lemma to higher order osculating spaces to secant varieties. As an application, we address with the so-called Horace method the case of the $d$-Veronese embedding of the projective 3-space.