arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E. Gotsman.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Elastic and Diffractive Scattering (Blois Workshop) - Moving Forward into the LHC Era
In this paper we construct a model that satisfies the theoretical requisites of high energy soft interactions, based on two ingredients:(i) the results of N=4 SYM, which at present is a unique theory that allows one to deal with a large coupling constant; and (ii) the requirement of matching with high energy QCD. In accordance with these ideas, we assume that the soft Pomeron intercept is rather large, and the slope of the Pomeron trajectory is equal to zero. We derive analytical formulae that sum both enhanced and semi-enhanced diagrams for elastic and diffractive amplitudes. We fit the available experimental data, and predict the valuefor cross sections at the energies accessible at the LHC. The main corrections to the model are studied and evaluated.
We extend our two component Pomeron model (GLMM) for soft high energy scattering to single inclusive cross sections. We present a suitable formulation which also includes the semi enhanced Pomeron-particle vertex corrections. The available data on single inclusive density $(1/σ_{in})dσ/dy$ in the c.m. energy range of 200-1800 GeV, including the just published Alice Collaboration point at 900 GeV,and the CMS collaboration measurements at 900 and 2360 GeV are well reproduced by our model. We also present predictions covering the complete LHC energy range which can be readily tested in the early low luminosity LHC runs. The results presented in this communication provide additional support to our Pomeron model approach.
In this paper we consider nucleus-nucleus and hadron-nucleus reactions in the kinematic region: $g A^{1/3} G_{3\pom} \exp\Lb ΔY\Rb \approx 1 G^2_{3\pom} \exp\Lb ΔY\Rb \approx 1 $, where $G_{3\pom}$ is the triple Pomeron coupling, $g$ is the vertex of Pomeron nucleon interaction, and 1 + $Δ_{\pom}$ denotes the Pomeron intercept. We find that in this kinematic region the traditional Glauber-Gribov eikonal approach is inadequate. We show that it is necesssary to take into account inelastic Glauber corrections, which can not be expressed in terms of the nucleon-nucleon scattering amplitudes. In the wide range of energies where $α'_\pom Y \ll R^2_A$,the scattering amplitude for the nucleus-nucleus interaction, does not depend on the details of the nucleon-nucleon interaction at high energy. In the formalism we present, the only (correlated) parameters that are required to describe the data are $Δ_{\pom}$, $G_{3\pom}$ and $g$. These parameters were taken from our description of the nucleon-nucleon data at high energies \cite{GLMM}.The predicted nucleus modification factor is compared with RHIC Au-Au data at $W = 200 GeV.$ Estimates for LHC energies are presented and discusssed.
We propose a QCD motivated theoretical approach to high energy soft interactions, which successfully describes the experimental data on total, elastic and diffraction cross sections. We predict that the survival probability for the diffractive Higgs production at the LHC energy is small (less than 1%), and investigate the influence of suggested corrections e.g. threshhold effects and semi-enhanced diagrams, on this value.
Multi Pomeron interactions are the main source of high mass diffraction. Their role in high energy dynamics greatly influences the predictions for high energy cross sections and survival probabilities of hard diffraction channels, notably, diffractive Higgs production at the LHC. Our approach, is motivated by the fact that we obtain a very small value for the fitted slope of the Pomeron trajectory, which justifies the use of perturbative QCD for soft scattering. Our suggested model differs from the proposal of the Durham KMR group which is based on a parton model interpretation of the Reggeon calculus in the complex J-plane in which multi Pomeron vertices are arbitrarily defined. The theoretical input and predictions of the two groups, as well as their data analysis and procedures are compared and evaluated.
In this paper we develop an approach to soft scattering processes at high energies,which is based on two mechanisms: Good-Walker mechanism for low mass diffractionand multi-Pomeron interactions for high mass diffraction. The pricipal idea, that allows us to specify the theory for Pomeron interactions, is that the so called soft processes occur at rather short distances ($r^2 \propto 1 / ^2 \propto α'_\pom \approx 0.01 GeV^{-2}$), where perturbative QCD is valid. The value of the Pomeron slope $α'_\pom $ was obtained from the fit to experimental data. Using this theoretical approach we suggest a model that fits all soft data in the ISR-Tevatron energy range, the total, elastic, single and double diffractive cross sections, including $t$ dependence of the differential elastic cross section, and the mass dependence of single diffraction. In this model we calculate the survival probability of diffractive Higgs production, and obtained a value for this observable, which is smaller than 1% at the LHC energy range.
We present and discuss our recent study of an eikonal two channel model, in which we reproduce the soft total, integrated elastic and diffractive cross sections, and the corresponding forward differential slopes in the ISR-Tevatron energy range. Our study is extended to provide predictions at the LHC and Cosmic Rays ene$ These are utilized to assess the role of unitarity at ultra high energies, as well as predict the implied survival probability of exclusive diffractiv$ central production of a light Higgs. Our approach is critically examined so as to estimate the margins of error of the calculated survival probability for diffractive Higgs production
In this paper we present a two channel model with the goal of reproducing the soft scattering data available in the ISR-Tevatron energy range, and extend the model results to LHC and Cosmic Rays energies. A characteristic feature of the model is that we represent the sum of all diffractive final states at a vertex, by a single diffractive state. Our two main results are: (i) The approach of the elastic scattering amplitude to the black disc bound is very slow, reaching it at energies far higher than the GZK ankle cutoff. (ii) Our predicted survival probability for Higgs exclusive central diffractive production at the LHC is 0.7%, which is considerably smaller than our previous estimate. The above features are compatible with a parton-like model in which the traditional soft Pomeron is replaced by an amplitude describing the partonic system, which issaturated in the soft (long distance) limit.
Based on the calculation of survival probabilities, we discuss the problem of extracting the value of $G_{3P}$, the triple Pomeron 'bare' coupling constant, by comparing the large rapidity gap single high mass diffraction data in proton-proton scattering and $J/Ψ$ photo and DIS production. For p-p scattering the calculation in a three amplitude rescattering eikonal model, predicts the survival probability to be an order of magnitude smaller than for the two amplitude case. The survival probabilities calculation for photo and DIS $J/Ψ$ production is made in a dedicated model. In this process we show that, even though its survival probability is considerably larger than in p-p scattering, its value is below unity and cannot be neglected in the data analysis. We argue that, regardless of the uncertainties in the suggested procedure, its outcome is important both with regards to a realistic estimate of $G_{3P}$, and the survival probabilities relevant to LHC experiments.
The HERA electron--proton collider has collected 100 pb$^{-1}$ of data since its start-up in 1992, and recently moved into a high-luminosity operation mode, with upgraded detectors, aiming to increase the total integrated luminosity per experiment to more than 500 pb$^{-1}$. HERA has been a machine of excellence for the study of QCD and the structure of the proton. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which will collide protons with a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV, will be completed at CERN in 2007. The main mission of the LHC is to discover and study the mechanisms of electroweak symmetry breaking, possibly via the discovery of the Higgs particle, and search for new physics in the TeV energy scale, such as supersymmetry or extra dimensions. Besides these goals, the LHC will also make a substantial number of precision measurements and will offer a new regime to study the strong force via perturbative QCD processes and diffraction. For the full LHC physics programme a good understanding of QCD phenomena and the structure function of the proton is essential. Therefore, in March 2004, a one-year-long workshop started to study the implications of HERA on LHC physics. This included proposing new measurements to be made at HERA, extracting the maximum information from the available data, and developing/improving the theoretical and experimental tools. This report summarizes the results achieved during this workshop.
In this paper we discuss the survival probability for exclusive central diffractive production of a colorless small size system at the LHC. This process has a clear signature of two large rapidity gaps. Using the eikonal approach for the description of soft interactions, we predict the value of the survival probability to be about 5~6% for single channel models, while for a two channel model the survival probability is about 3%. The dependence of the survival probability factor (damping factor) on the transverse momenta of the recoiled protons is discussed, and we suggest it be measured at the Tevatron so as to minimize the possible ambiguity in the calculation of survival probability at the LHC.
The HERA electron--proton collider has collected 100 pb$^{-1}$ of data since its start-up in 1992, and recently moved into a high-luminosity operation mode, with upgraded detectors, aiming to increase the total integrated luminosity per experiment to more than 500 pb$^{-1}$. HERA has been a machine of excellence for the study of QCD and the structure of the proton. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which will collide protons with a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV, will be completed at CERN in 2007. The main mission of the LHC is to discover and study the mechanisms of electroweak symmetry breaking, possibly via the discovery of the Higgs particle, and search for new physics in the TeV energy scale, such as supersymmetry or extra dimensions. Besides these goals, the LHC will also make a substantial number of precision measurements and will offer a new regime to study the strong force via perturbative QCD processes and diffraction. For the full LHC physics programme a good understanding of QCD phenomena and the structure function of the proton is essential. Therefore, in March 2004, a one-year-long workshop started to study the implications of HERA on LHC physics. This included proposing new measurements to be made at HERA, extracting the maximum information from the available data, and developing/improving the theoretical and experimental tools. This report summarizes the results achieved during this workshop.
Our presentation centers on the consequences of s-channel unitarity, manifested by soft re-scatterings of the spectator partons in a high energy diffractive process, focusing on the calculations of gap survival probabilities. Our emphasis is on recent estimates relevant to exclusive diffractive Higgs production at the LHC. To this end, we critically re-examine the comparison of the theoretical estimates of large rapidity gap hard di-jets with the measured data, and remark on the difficulties in the interpretation of HERA hard di-jet photoproduction.
Within the framework of a modified Balitsky-Kovchegov equation, we calculated and provide estimates of non-linear saturation effects expected in the LHC range of energies.
We propose a modified version of the Balitsky-Kovchegov (B-K) evolution equation, which includes the main NLO corrections. We use the result that the main NLO corrections to the BFKL kernel are the LO DGLAP corrections. We present a numerical solution of the modified nonlinear equation, and compare with the solution of the unmodified B-K equation. We show that the saturation momentum has a sharp increase in the LHC energy range. Our numerical solution indicates that the influence of the pre-asymptotic corrections, related to the full anomolous dimensions of the DGLAP equation, are rather large. These corrections moderate the energy behaviour of the amplitude, as well as the value of the saturation scale. All our calculations are made with a fixed value of $α_{s}$.
We show that an approximate solution to the amended non-linear Balitsky-Kovchegov evolution equation which was formulated for hard QCD processes, can be extended to provide a good description of photoproduction and soft hadronic (non perturbative) reactions.
We calculate inclusive photoproduction cross-sections for both proton and nuclei targets, using a saturation model derived from an approximate solution to the Balitsky-Kovchegov nonlinear evolution equation. This paper extends our hypothesis, that one can successfully use the dipole picture and saturation models to describe soft processes, instead of the soft Pomeron Regge parametrization. Our fit is compatible with our previous fit to DIS data, and utilizes the same phenomenological parameters as in our paper devoted to soft hadronic interactions. Using the Glauber formalism, and no additional parameters, we calculate the cross-sections for photoproduction on various nuclei, and compare our results with the relevant data.