Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

Eduardo López

Publications and source records attributed to Eduardo López.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Behavioral calibration of mobile-phone GPS data for population-representative analyses

Mobile phone mobility data have transformed the study of human behavior, but demographic and behavioral biases can compromise their representativeness and distort population-level inference. Existing calibration approaches primarily address demographic and geographic representativeness, leaving behavioral discrepancies largely uncorrected. Here we introduce the Behavioral Population (BePop) framework, which jointly calibrates mobility data to representative demographic and behavioral distributions using census data and time-use surveys. BePop embeds mobility sequences into behavioral profiles and estimates person-level weights that align both population composition and daily activity patterns. Across three U.S. metropolitan areas, the framework consistently improves agreement between GPS-derived mobility and representative behavioral distributions, including time allocation, activity transitions, and mobility motifs. Calibration also substantially alters downstream mobility indicators, demonstrating that behavioral biases can propagate into commonly used mobility measures. Our results establish behavioral representativeness as a critical complement to demographic calibration and provide a general framework for population-representative mobility inference.

physics.soc-ph↗
arXiv2025

Organizations, teams, and job mobility: A social microdynamics approach

Most of the modeling approaches used to understand organizational worker mobility are highly stylized, using idealizations such as structureless organizations, indistinguishable workers, and a lack of social bonding of the workers. In this article, aided by a decade of precise, temporally resolved data of a large civilian organization of the US Army in which employees can change jobs in a similar way to many private organizations, we introduce a new framework to describe organizations as composites of teams within which individuals perform specific tasks and where social connections develop. By tracking the personnel composition of organizational teams, we find that workers who change jobs are highly influenced by preferring to reunite with past coworkers. In this organization, 34% of all moves across temporally stable teams (and 32% of the totality of moves) lead to worker reunions, percentages that have not been reported and are well-above intuitive expectation. To assess the importance of worker reunions in determining job moves, we compare them to labor supply and demand with or without occupational specialization. The comparison shows that the most consistent information about job change is provided by reunions. We find that the greater the time workers spend together or the smaller the team they share both increase their likelihood to reunite, supporting the notion of increased familiarity and trust behind such reunions and the dominant role of social capital in the evolution of large organizations. Our study of this organization supports the idea that to correctly forecast job mobility inside large organizations, their teams structures and the social ties formed in those teams play a key role in shaping internal job change.

cs.CE↗
arXiv2024

Non-coresident family as a driver of migration change in a crisis: The case of the COVID-19 pandemic

Changes in U.S. migration during the COVID-19 pandemic show that many moved to less populated cities from larger cities, deviating from previous trends. In this study, building on prior work in the literature showing that the abundance of family ties is inversely related to population size, we analyze these migration changes with a focus on the crucial, yet overlooked factor of extended family. Employing two large-scale data sets, census microdata and mobile phone GPS relocation data, we show a collection of empirical results that paints a picture of migration change affected by kin. Namely, we find that people migrated closer to family at higher rates after the COVID-19 pandemic started. Moreover, even controlling for factors such as population density and cost of living, we find that changes in net in-migration tended to be larger and positive in cities with larger proportions of people who can be parents to adult children (our proxy for parental family availability, which is also inversely related to population size). Our study advances the demography-disaster nexus and amplifies ongoing literature highlighting the role of broader kinship systems in large-scale socioeconomic phenomena.

cs.SI↗
arXiv2023

Explaining conflict violence in terms of conflict actor dynamics

We study the severity of conflict-related violence in Colombia at an unprecedented granular scale in space and across time. Splitting the data into different geographical regions and different historically-relevant eras, we uncover variations in the patterns of conflict severity which we then explain in terms of local conflict actors' different collective behaviors and/or conditions using a simple mathematical model of conflict actors' grouping dynamics (coalescence and fragmentation). Specifically, variations in the approximate scaling values of the distributions of event lethalities can be explained by the changing strength ratio of the local conflict actors for distinct conflict periods and organizational regions. In this way, our findings open the door to a new granular spectroscopy of human conflicts in terms of local conflict actor strength ratios for any armed conflict.

physics.soc-ph↗
arXiv2023

The Rhythms of Transient Relationships: Allocating time between weekdays and weekends

A fundamental question of any new relationship is, will it last? Transient relationships, recently defined by the authors, are an ideal type of social tie to explore this question: these relationships are characterized by distinguishable starting and ending temporal points, linking the question of tie longevity to relationship finite lifetime. In this study, we use mobile phone data sets from the UK and Italy to analyze the weekly allocation of time invested in maintaining transient relationships. We find that more relationships are created during weekdays, with a greater proportion of them receiving more contact during these days of the week in the long term. The smaller group of relationships that receive more phone calls during the weekend tend to remain active for more time. We uncover a sorting process by which some ties are moved from weekdays to weekends and vice versa, mostly in the first half of the relationship. This process also carries more information about the ultimate lifetime of a tie than the part of the week when the relationship started, which suggests an early evaluation period that leads to a decision on how to allocate time to different types of transient ties.

physics.soc-ph↗
arXiv2023

Origins of Face-to-face Interaction with Kin in US Cities

People interact face-to-face on a frequent basis if (i) they live nearby and (ii) make the choice to meet. The first constitutes an availability of social ties; the second a propensity to interact with those ties. Despite being distinct social processes, most large-scale human interaction studies overlook these separate influences. Here, we study trends of interaction, availability, and propensity across US cities for a critical, abundant, and understudied type of social tie: extended family that live locally in separate households. We observe a systematic decline in interactions as a function of city population, which we attribute to decreased non-coresident local family availability. In contrast, interaction propensity and duration are either independent of or increase with city population. The large-scale patterns of availability and interaction propensity we discover, derived from analyzing the American Time Use Survey and Pew Social Trends Survey data, unveil previously-unknown effects on several social processes such as the effectiveness of pandemic-related social interventions, drivers affecting residential choice, and the ability of kin to provide care to family.

cs.SI↗
arXiv2023

GUP corrections to black hole thermodynamics in the extended phase space approach

In this work, we study corrections to black hole temperature and entropy in the context of the generalized uncertainty principle. In particular, we obtain corrected asymptotically anti de-Sitter black hole solutions following the extended phase space scheme in which the cosmological constant is considered as a thermodynamic pressure satisfying certain equation of state. Among all the possibilities, we consider that the cosmological pressure satisfies either a Polytropic or a Chaplygin equation of state. The physical plausibility of the solutions is studied based on the energy conditions and the associated heat capacity.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2020

Scattering of a Klein-Gordon particle by a smooth barrier

We present the study of the one-dimensional Klein-Gordon equation by a smooth barrier. The scattering solutions are given in terms of the Whittaker $M_{κ,μ}(x)$ function. The reflection and transmission coefficients are calculated in terms of the energy, the height and the smoothness of the potential barrier. For any value of the smoothness parameter we observed transmission resonances.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2019

Frictional Unemployment on Labor Flow Networks

We develop an alternative theory to the aggregate matching function in which workers search for jobs through a network of firms: the labor flow network. The lack of an edge between two companies indicates the impossibility of labor flows between them due to high frictions. In equilibrium, firms' hiring behavior correlates through the network, generating highly disaggregated local unemployment. Hence, aggregation depends on the topology of the network in non-trivial ways. This theory provides new micro-foundations for the Beveridge curve, wage dispersion, and the employer-size premium. We apply our model to employer-employee matched records and find that network topologies with Pareto-distributed connections cause disproportionately large changes on aggregate unemployment under high labor supply elasticity.

econ.GN↗
arXiv2017

Personality Traits and Ego-network Dynamics

Strong and supportive social relationships are fundamental to our well-being. However, there are costs to their maintenance, resulting in a trade-off between quality and quantity, a typical strategy being to put a lot of effort on a few high-intensity relationships while maintaining larger numbers of less close relationships. It has also been shown that there are persistent individual differences in this pattern; some individuals allocate their efforts more uniformly across their networks, while others strongly focus on their closest relationships. Furthermore, some individuals maintain more stable networks than others. Here, we focus on how personality traits of individuals affect this picture, using mobile phone calls records and survey data from the Mobile Territorial Lab (MTL) study. In particular, we look at the relationship between personality traits and the (i) persistence of social signatures, namely the similarity of the social signature shape of an individual measured in different time intervals; (ii) the turnover in egocentric networks, that is, differences in the set of alters present at two consecutive temporal intervals; and (iii) the rank dynamics defined as the variation of alter rankings in egocentric networks in consecutive intervals. We observe that some traits have effects on the stability of the social signatures as well as network turnover and rank dynamics. As an example, individuals who score highly in the Openness to Experience trait tend to have higher levels of network turnover and larger alter rank variations. On broader terms, our study shows that personality traits clearly affect the ways in which individuals maintain their personal networks.

cs.SI↗
arXiv2015

Channel-Specific Daily Patterns in Mobile Phone Communication

Humans follow circadian rhythms, visible in their activity levels as well as physiological and psychological factors. Such rhythms are also visible in electronic communication records, where the aggregated activity levels of e.g. mobile telephone calls or Wikipedia edits are known to follow their own daily patterns. Here, we study the daily communication patterns of 24 individuals over 18 months, and show that each individual has a different, persistent communication pattern. These patterns may differ for calls and text messages, which points towards calls and texts serving a different role in communication. For both calls and texts, evenings play a special role. There are also differences in the daily patterns of males and females both for calls and texts, both in how they communicate with individuals of the same gender vs. opposite gender, and also in how communication is allocated at social ties of different nature (kin ties vs. non-kin ties). Taken together, our results show that there is an unexpected richness to the daily communication patterns, from different types of ties being activated at different times of day to different roles of communication channels and gender differences.

physics.soc-ph↗
arXiv2015

The Network Picture of Labor Flow

We construct a data-driven model of flows in graphs that captures the essential elements of the movement of workers between jobs in the companies (firms) of entire economic systems such as countries. The model is based on the observation that certain job transitions between firms are often repeated over time, showing persistent behavior, and suggesting the construction of static graphs to act as the scaffolding for job mobility. Individuals in the job market (the workforce) are modelled by a discrete-time random walk on graphs, where each individual at a node can possess two states: employed or unemployed, and the rates of becoming unemployed and of finding a new job are node dependent parameters. We calculate the steady state solution of the model and compare it to extensive micro-datasets for Mexico and Finland, comprised of hundreds of thousands of firms and individuals. We find that our model possesses the correct behavior for the numbers of employed and unemployed individuals in these countries down to the level of individual firms. Our framework opens the door to a new approach to the analysis of labor mobility at high resolution, with the tantalizing potential for the development of full forecasting methods in the future.

physics.soc-ph↗
arXiv2015

Daily rhythms in mobile telephone communication

Circadian rhythms are known to be important drivers of human activity and the recent availability of electronic records of human behaviour has provided fine-grained data of temporal patterns of activity on a large scale. Further, questionnaire studies have identified important individual differences in circadian rhythms, with people broadly categorised into morning-like or evening-like individuals. However, little is known about the social aspects of these circadian rhythms, or how they vary across individuals. In this study we use a unique 18-month dataset that combines mobile phone calls and questionnaire data to examine individual differences in the daily rhythms of mobile phone activity. We demonstrate clear individual differences in daily patterns of phone calls, and show that these individual differences are persistent despite a high degree of turnover in the individuals' social networks. Further, women's calls were longer than men's calls, especially during the evening and at night, and these calls were typically focused on a small number of emotionally intense relationships. These results demonstrate that individual differences in circadian rhythms are not just related to broad patterns of morningness and eveningness, but have a strong social component, in directing phone calls to specific individuals at specific times of day.

physics.soc-ph↗
arXiv2013

Percolation in Multiplex Networks with Overlap

From transportation networks to complex infrastructures, and to social and communication networks, a large variety of systems can be described in terms of multiplexes formed by a set of nodes interacting through different networks (layers). Multiplexes may display an increased fragility with respect to the single layers that constitute them. However, so far the overlap of the links in different layers has been mostly neglected, despite the fact that it is an ubiquitous phenomenon in most multiplexes. Here we show that the overlap among layers can improve the robustness of interdependent multiplex systems and change the critical behavior of the percolation phase transition in a complex way.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2013

The distribution of the number of node neighbors in random hypergraphs

Hypergraphs, graph generalizations where edges are conglomerates of $r$ nodes called hyperedges of rank $r\geq 2$, are excellent models to study systems with interactions that are beyond the pairwise level. For hypergraphs, the node degree $\ell$ (number of hyperedges connected to a node) and the number of neighbors $k$ of a node differ from each other in contrast to the case of graphs. Here, I calculate the distribution of the number of node neighbors in random hypergraphs in which hyperedges of uniform rank $r$ have a homogeneous probability $p$ to appear. This distribution is equivalent to the degree distribution of ensembles of projected graphs from hypergraph or bipartite network ensembles, where the projection connects any two nodes in the projected graph when they are also connected in the hypergraph or bipartite network. The calculation is non-trivial due to the possibility that neighbor nodes belong simultaneously to multiple hyperedges (node overlaps). From the exact results, the traditional sparse (small $p$) asymptotic approximation to the distribution is rederived and improved; the approximation exhibits Poisson-like behavior accompanied by strong fluctuations modulated by power-law decays in the system size $N$ with decay exponents equal to the minimum number of overlapping nodes possible for a given number of neighbors. It is shown that the dense limit cannot be explained if overlaps are ignored, and the correct asymptotic distribution is provided. The neighbor distribution requires the calculation of a new combinatorial coefficient $Q_{r-1}(k,\ell)$, counting the number of distinct labelled hypergraphs of $k$ nodes, $\ell$ hyperedges of rank $r-1$, and where every node is connected to at least one hyperedge. Some identities of $Q_{r-1}(k,\ell)$ are derived and applied to the verification of normalization and the calculation of moments of the neighbor distribution.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2013

Weighted projected networks: mapping hypergraphs to networks

Many natural, technological, and social systems incorporate multiway interactions, yet are characterized and measured on the basis of weighted pairwise interactions. In this article, I propose a family of models in which pairwise interactions originate from multiway interactions, by starting from ensembles of hypergraphs and applying projections that generate ensembles of weighted projected networks. I calculate analytically the statistical properties of weighted projected networks, and suggest ways these could be used beyond theoretical studies. Weighted projected networks typically exhibit weight disorder along links even for very simple generating hypergraph ensembles. Also, as the size of a hypergraph changes, a signature of multiway interaction emerges on the link weights of weighted projected networks that distinguishes them from fundamentally weighted pairwise networks. This signature could be used to search for hidden multiway interactions in weighted network data. I find the percolation threshold and size of the largest component for hypergraphs of arbitrary uniform rank, translate the results into projected networks, and show that the transition is second order. This general approach to network formation has the potential to shed new light on our understanding of weighted networks.

physics.soc-ph↗
arXiv2011

Disorder Induced Limited Path Percolation

We introduce a model of percolation induced by disorder, where an initially homogeneous network with links of equal weight is disordered by the introduction of heterogeneous weights for the links. We consider a pair of nodes i and j to be mutually reachable when the ratio α_{ij} of length of the optimal path between them before and after the introduction of disorder does not increase beyond a tolerance ratio τ. These conditions reflect practical limitations of reachability better than the usual percolation model, which entirely disregards path length when defining connectivity and, therefore, communication. We find that this model leads to a first order phase transition in both 2-dimensional lattices and in Erdos-Renyi networks, and in the case of the latter, the size of the discontinuity implies that the transition is effectively catastrophic, with almost all system pairs undergoing the change from reachable to unreachable. Using the theory of optimal path lengths under disorder, we are able to predict the percolation threshold. For real networks subject to changes while in operation, this model should perform better in predicting functional limits than current percolation models.

cond-mat.dis-nn↗