Vertex Algebras and Algebraic Curves
This is the text of the Bourbaki seminar that I gave on June 24, 2000.
arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Edward Frenkel.
This is the text of the Bourbaki seminar that I gave on June 24, 2000.
We consider various specializations of the non-twisted quantum affine algebras at roots of unity. We define and study the q-characters of their finite-dimensional representations.
In our earlier papers we proposed a new approach to integrable hierarchies of soliton equations and their quantum deformations. We have applied this approach to the Toda field theories and the generalized KdV and modified KdV (mKdV) hierarchies. In this paper we apply our approach to the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) hierarchy and its generalizations. In particular, we show that the free field (Wakimoto) realization of an affine algebra naturally appears in the context of the generalized AKNS hierarchies. This is analogous to the appearance of the free field (quantum Miura) realization of a W-algebra in the context of the generalized KdV equations. As an application, we give here a new proof of the existence of the Wakimoto realization.
We study finite-dimensional representations of quantum affine algebras using q-characters. We prove the conjectures from math.QA/9810055 and derive some of their corollaries. In particular, we prove that the tensor product of fundamental representations is reducible if and only if at least one of the corresponding normalized R-matrices has a pole.
We review various aspects of representation theory of affine algebras at the critical level, geometric Langlands correspondence, and Bethe ansatz in the Gaudin models. Geometric Langlands correspondence relates D-modules on the moduli space of G-bundles on a complex curve X and flat G^L-bundles on X. Beilinson and Drinfeld construct it by applying a localization functor to representations of affine algebras of critical level. We show that in genus zero the corresponding D-modules are closely related to the diagonalization problem in the Gaudin model associated to G. This allows us to give a new interpretation of the Bethe ansatz and Sklyanin's separation of variables in the Gaudin model in terms of Langlands correspondence.
This is a self-contained review of a new approach to soliton equations of KdV type developed by the author together with B. Feigin and B. Enriquez.
Deformed $\W$--algebra $\W_{q,t}(\g)$ associated to an arbitrary simple Lie algebra $\g$ is defined together with its free field realizations and the screening operators. Explicit formulas are given for generators of $\W_{q,t}(\g)$ when $\g$ is of classical type. These formulas exhibit a deep connection between $\W_{q,t}(\g)$ and the analytic Bethe Ansatz in integrable models associated to quantum affine algebras $U_q(\G)$ and $U_t(\GL)$. The scaling limit of $\W_{q,t}(\g)$ is closely related to affine Toda field theories.
We describe a new algebraic structure of "deformed chiral algebra" motivated by the study of the deformed W-algebras. We use it to gain some insights into the deformed Virasoro algebra.
We express the Poisson brackets of local fields of the affine Toda field theories in terms of the Drinfeld-Sokolov dressing operator. For this, we introduce a larger space of fields, containing ``half screening charges'' and ``half integrals of motions''. In addition to local terms, the Poisson brackets contain nonlocal terms related to trigonometric r-matrices.
The equivalence between the approaches of Drinfeld-Sokolov and Feigin-Frenkel to the mKdV hierarchies is established. A new derivation of the mKdV equations in the zero curvature form is given. Connection with the Baker-Akhiezer function and the tau-function is also discussed.
We define hierarchies of differential--q-difference equations, which are q-deformations of the equations of the generalized KdV hierarchies. We show that these hierarchies are bihamiltonian, one of the hamiltonian structures being that of the q-deformed classical W-algebra of sl(N), defined by Reshetikhin and the author. We also find q-deformations of the mKdV hierarchies and the affine Toda equations.
A homological construction of integrals of motion of the classical and quantum Toda field theories is given. Using this construction, we identify the integrals of motion with cohomology classes of certain complexes, which are modeled on the BGG resolutions of the associated Lie algebras and their quantum deformations. This way we prove that all classical integrals of motion can be quantized. For the Toda field theories associated to finite-dimensional Lie algebras, the algebra of integrals of motions is the corresponding W-algebra. For affine Toda field theories this algebra is a commutative subalgebra of a W-algebra; it consists of quantum KdV hamiltonians.
We consider the (A_n,A_1) Y-system arising in the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz. We prove the periodicity of solutions of this Y-system conjectured by Al.B. Zamolodchikov, and the dilogarithm identities conjectured by F. Gliozzi and R. Tateo.
We define quantum W-algebras generalizing the results of Reshetikhin and the second author, and Shiraishi-Kubo-Awata-Odake. The quantum W-algebra associated to sl_N is an associative algebra depending on two parameters. For special values of parameters it becomes the ordinary W-algebra of sl_N, or the q-deformed classical W-algebra of sl_N. We construct free field realizations of the quantum W-algebras and the screening currents. We also point out some interesting elliptic structures arising in these algebras. In particular, we show that the screening currents satisfy elliptic analogues of the Drinfeld relations in U_q(n^).
We generalize some results concerning affine algebras at the critical level to the corresponding quantum algebras. In particular, we show that the Wakimoto realization provides a homomorphism of Poisson algebras from the center of a quantum affine algebra to a Heisenberg-Poisson algebra. This homomorphism is a q-deformation of the Miura transformation. It is given by the same formulas as the spectra of transfer-matrices of the corresponding quantum integrable models. The image of the center in the Heisenberg-Poisson algebra is a Poisson subalgebra of the latter, which is a q-deformation of the corresponding classical W-algebra. The relations in this Poisson algebra are explicitly computed in the case of sl(n)^.
A new approach to integrability of affine Toda field theories and closely related to them KdV hierarchies is proposed. The flows of a hierarchy are explicitly identified with infinitesimal action of the principal abelian subalgebra of the nilpotent part of the corresponding affine algebra on a homogeneous space. This is an extended version of the paper "Generalized KdV flows and nilpotent subgroups of affine Kac-Moody groups"; it has been accepted for publication in Inventiones Mathematicae.
Invited lecture at the International Congress of Mathematicians, Zuerich, August 3-11, 1994 (extended version), reviews free field realizations of affine Kac-Moody and W-algebras and their applications.
We propose a new method of diagonalization of hamiltonians of the Gaudin model associated to an arbitrary simple Lie algebra, which is based on Wakimoto modules over affine algebras at the critical level. We construct eigenvectors of these hamiltonians by restricting certain invariant functionals on tensor products of Wakimoto modules. In conformal field theory language, the eigenvectors are given by certain bosonic correlation functions. Analogues of Bethe ansatz equations naturally appear as Kac-Kazhdan type equations on the existence of certain singular vectors in Wakimoto modules. We use this construction to expalain a connection between Gaudin's model and correlation functions of WZNW models.