arXiv subjects

Elena Arseneva

Publications and source records attributed to Elena Arseneva.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2023

Adjacency Graphs of Polyhedral Surfaces

We study whether a given graph can be realized as an adjacency graph of the polygonal cells of a polyhedral surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$. We show that every graph is realizable as a polyhedral surface with arbitrary polygonal cells, and that this is not true if we require the cells to be convex. In particular, if the given graph contains $K_5$, $K_{5,81}$, or any nonplanar $3$-tree as a subgraph, no such realization exists. On the other hand, all planar graphs, $K_{4,4}$, and $K_{3,5}$ can be realized with convex cells. The same holds for any subdivision of any graph where each edge is subdivided at least once, and, by a result from McMullen et al. (1983), for any hypercube. Our results have implications on the maximum density of graphs describing polyhedral surfaces with convex cells: The realizability of hypercubes shows that the maximum number of edges over all realizable $n$-vertex graphs is in $Ω(n \log n)$. From the non-realizability of $K_{5,81}$, we obtain that any realizable $n$-vertex graph has $O(n^{9/5})$ edges. As such, these graphs can be considerably denser than planar graphs, but not arbitrarily dense.

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arXiv2021

Morphing tree drawings in a small 3D grid

We study crossing-free grid morphs for planar tree drawings using 3D. A morph consists of morphing steps, where vertices move simultaneously along straight-line trajectories at constant speeds. A crossing-free morph is known between two drawings of an $n$-vertex planar graph $G$ with $\mathcal{O}(n)$ morphing steps and using the third dimension it can be reduced to $\mathcal{O}(\log n)$ for an $n$-vertex tree [Arseneva et al.\ 2019]. However, these morphs do not bound one practical parameter, the resolution. Can the number of steps be reduced substantially by using the third dimension while keeping the resolution bounded throughout the morph? We answer this question in an affirmative and present a 3D non-crossing morph between two planar grid drawings of an $n$-vertex tree in $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{n} \log n)$ morphing steps. Each intermediate drawing lies in a $3D$ grid of polynomial volume.

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arXiv2020

Upward Point Set Embeddings of Paths and Trees

We study upward planar straight-line embeddings (UPSE) of directed trees on given point sets. The given point set $S$ has size at least the number of vertices in the tree. For the special case where the tree is a path $P$ we show that: (a) If $S$ is one-sided convex, the number of UPSEs equals the number of maximal monotone paths in $P$. (b) If $S$ is in general position and $P$ is composed by three maximal monotone paths, where the middle path is longer than the other two, then it always admits an UPSE on $S$. We show that the decision problem of whether there exists an UPSE of a directed tree with $n$ vertices on a fixed point set $S$ of $n$ points is NP-complete, by relaxing the requirements of the previously known result which relied on the presence of cycles in the graph, but instead fixing position of a single vertex. Finally, by allowing extra points, we guarantee that each directed caterpillar on $n$ vertices and with $k$ switches in its backbone admits an UPSE on every set of $n 2^{k-2}$ points.

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arXiv2020

Rectilinear Link Diameter and Radius in a Rectilinear Polygonal Domain

We study the computation of the diameter and radius under the rectilinear link distance within a rectilinear polygonal domain of $n$ vertices and $h$ holes. We introduce a \emph{graph of oriented distances} to encode the distance between pairs of points of the domain. This helps us transform the problem so that we can search through the candidates more efficiently. Our algorithm computes both the diameter and the radius in $\min \{\,O(n^ω), O(n^2 + nh \log h + χ^2)\,\}$ time, where $ω<2.373$ denotes the matrix multiplication exponent and $χ\in Ω(n)\cap O(n^2)$ is the number of edges of the graph of oriented distances. We also provide a faster algorithm for computing the diameter that runs in $O(n^2 \log n)$ time.

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arXiv2020

Sublinear Explicit Incremental Planar Voronoi Diagrams

A data structure is presented that explicitly maintains the graph of a Voronoi diagram of $N$ point sites in the plane or the dual graph of a convex hull of points in three dimensions while allowing insertions of new sites/points. Our structure supports insertions in $\tilde O (N^{3/4})$ expected amortized time, where $\tilde O$ suppresses polylogarithmic terms. This is the first result to achieve sublinear time insertions; previously it was shown by Allen et al. that $Θ(\sqrt{N})$ amortized combinatorial changes per insertion could occur in the Voronoi diagram but a sublinear-time algorithm was only presented for the special case of points in convex position.

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arXiv2020

A Complete List of All Convex Polyhedra Made by Gluing Regular Pentagons

We give a complete description of all convex polyhedra whose surface can be constructed from several congruent regular pentagons by folding and gluing them edge to edge. Our method of determining the graph structure of the polyhedra from a gluing is of independent interest and can be used in other similar settings.

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arXiv2020

Compatible Paths on Labelled Point Sets

Let $P$ and $Q$ be finite point sets of the same cardinality in $\mathbb{R}^2$, each labelled from $1$ to $n$. Two noncrossing geometric graphs $G_P$ and $G_Q$ spanning $P$ and $Q$, respectively, are called compatible if for every face $f$ in $G_P$, there exists a corresponding face in $G_Q$ with the same clockwise ordering of the vertices on its boundary as in $f$. In particular, $G_P$ and $G_Q$ must be straight-line embeddings of the same connected $n$-vertex graph. Deciding whether two labelled point sets admit compatible geometric paths is known to be NP-complete. We give polynomial-time algorithms to find compatible paths or report that none exist in three scenarios: $O(n)$ time for points in convex position; $O(n^2)$ time for two simple polygons, where the paths are restricted to remain inside the closed polygons; and $O(n^2 \log n)$ time for points in general position if the paths are restricted to be monotone.

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arXiv2020

Which convex polyhedra can be made by gluing regular hexagons?

Which convex 3D polyhedra can be obtained by gluing several regular hexagons edge-to-edge? It turns out that there are only 15 possible types of shapes, 5 of which are doubly-covered 2D polygons. We give examples for most of them, including all simplicial and all flat shapes, and give a characterization for the latter ones. It is open whether the remaining can be realized.

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arXiv2019

Reconstructing a convex polygon from its $ω$-cloud

An $ω$-wedge is the closed set of points contained between two rays that are emanating from a single point (the apex), and are separated by an angle $ω< π$. Given a convex polygon $P$, we place the $ω$-wedge such that $P$ is inside the wedge and both rays are tangent to $P$. The set of apex positions of all such placements of the $ω$-wedge is called the $ω$-cloud of $P$. We investigate reconstructing a polygon $P$ from its $ω$-cloud. Previous work on reconstructing $P$ from probes with the $ω$-wedge required knowledge of the points of tangency between $P$ and the two rays of the $ω$-wedge in addition to the location of the apex. Here we consider the setting where the maximal $ω$-cloud alone is given. We give two conditions under which it uniquely defines $P$: (i) when $ω< π$ is fixed/given, or (ii) when what is known is that $ω< π/2$. We show that if neither of these two conditions hold, then $P$ may not be unique. We show that, when the uniqueness conditions hold, the polygon $P$ can be reconstructed in $O(n)$ time with $O(1)$ working space in addition to the input, where $n$ is the number of arcs in the input $ω$-cloud.

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arXiv2018

Pole Dancing: 3D Morphs for Tree Drawings

We study the question whether a crossing-free 3D morph between two straight-line drawings of an $n$-vertex tree can be constructed consisting of a small number of linear morphing steps. We look both at the case in which the two given drawings are two-dimensional and at the one in which they are three-dimensional. In the former setting we prove that a crossing-free 3D morph always exists with $O(\log n)$ steps, while for the latter $Θ(n)$ steps are always sufficient and sometimes necessary.

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