arXiv subjects

Enrique Bello-Benítez

Publications and source records attributed to Enrique Bello-Benítez.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2025

Benchmark for two-dimensional large scale coherent structures in partially magnetized ExB plasmas -- Community collaboration & lessons learned

Low-temperature plasmas are essential to both fundamental scientific research and critical industrial applications. As in many areas of science, numerical simulations have become a vital tool for uncovering new physical phenomena and guiding technological development. Code benchmarking remains crucial for verifying implementations and evaluating performance. This work continues the Landmark benchmark initiative, a series specifically designed to support the verification of low-temperature plasma codes. In this study, seventeen simulation codes from a collaborative community of nineteen international institutions modeled a partially magnetized ExB Penning discharge. The emergence of large scale coherent structures, or rotating plasma spokes, endows this configuration with an enormous range of time scales, making it particularly challenging to simulate. The codes showed excellent agreement on the rotation frequency of the spoke as well as key plasma properties, including time-averaged ion density, plasma potential, and electron temperature profiles. Achieving this level of agreement came with challenges, and we share lessons learned on how to conduct future benchmarking campaigns. Comparing code implementations, computational hardware, and simulation runtimes also revealed interesting trends, which are summarized with the aim of guiding future plasma simulation software development.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2024

Data-driven analysis of anomalous transport and three-wave-coupling effects in E x B plasma discharges

Collisionless cross-field electron transport in an E x B configuration relevant for electric propulsion is studied using data from a (z, θ) full-PIC simulation. Higher-order spectral analysis shows that transport is dominated by the in-phase interaction of the oscillations of the azimuthal electric field and the electron density associated to the first electron cyclotron drift instability (ECDI) mode. A secondary contribution emanates from a lower-frequency mode, not predicted by linear ECDI theory, while higher modes have a minor direct impact on transport. However, a bicoherence analysis reveals that strong phase couplings exist among the ECDI modes, and a sparse symbolic regression spectral model, based on the three-wave coupling equations, suggests an inverse energy cascade as the most likely explanation, thus suggesting that higher modes contribute indirectly to transport by quadratic power transfer to the first mode. This work provides new insights into the dynamics of anomalous plasma transport in E x B sources and the underlying processes governing energy distribution across different scales, and supports the validity of weak turbulence theory to examine their behavior.

physics.plasm-ph↗

arXiv2024

Effect of injection conditions on the non-linear behavior of the ECDI and related turbulent transport

The electron-cyclotron drift instability (ECDI) has been proposed as one of the main actors behind the anomalous transport of electrons in Hall plasmas. In this work, we revisit the classical theory of this instability [Forslund et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 1266 (1970)] and perform two-dimensional kinetic simulations under several conditions to analyze the non-linear behavior and the induced transport. Fully-periodic simulations, with conditions faithful to the linear theory are analyzed first. In agreement with existing literature, they show the growth of ECDI modes, ion-wave trapping vortexes and an induced cross-field electron current in early simulation times. However, in contrast with similar works, non-linear saturation is observed and the plasma tends, in the long term, to a new equilibrium with mild oscillations and mild anomalous current. This evolution is consistent to what can be expected from energy conservation. The quenching of the oscillations seem to be highly related with the distortion of ion vortexes in phase space after a long-term interaction with the electrostatic wave. This result suggests that sustained oscillations and turbulent current could thrive if ions are renewed by, e.g., removing and injecting particles through axial boundaries instead of applying periodicity.This second type of simulations shows that injection conditions highly impact the late simulation behavior of ECDI oscillations, where we identify several regimes depending on the value of the ion residence time compared to the characteristic saturation time in the fully periodic case. The intermediate regime, where these two times are close, is the only one providing sustained oscillations and electron transport.

physics.plasm-ph↗