arXiv subjects

Eric Monteux

Publications and source records attributed to Eric Monteux.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Fast Generation of Representative Synthetic Dataset with Salsa to Train ATR Models with Electromagnetic Couplings Data-Augmentation

This work focuses on training Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) models using simulated Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images to circumvent the lack of real measurements. To obtain robust and versatile ATR models, simulation needs to generate massive datasets that encompass all the variability found in real measurements. Thus, we need a simulator that finds a good tradeoff between execution speed, computational resource consumption, and physical representativeness. In this work, we demonstrate that the Salsa simulator addresses this issue. We ran computing performance tests to show that Salsa can generate 21,600 synthetic images in less than 10 minutes using a single Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 GPU. Using our ADASCA Deep Learning approach, we demonstrate that these data are sufficiently representative to train ATR models and reach state-of-the-art results on the MSTAR public dataset with an accuracy of 86 %. To illustrate how Salsa unlocks new possibilities to train ATR models, we use the simulator to conduct a study on Electromagnetic (EM) couplings between the targets and their immediate environment. We demonstrate that, if not accounted for in the training dataset, the variability of the EM couplings induced by the variability of the ground surfaces can significantly degrade the performance of ATR models, with an accuracy decrease of more than 4 %. We also show that Salsa can generate in a timely manner (i.e., in less than 4 hours using the same GPU as previously) a massive dataset of 648,000 images with a large variety of couplings to make the ATR models robust to EM coupling variations. Our ATR models can then achieve an accuracy of 87 % on the MSTAR dataset.

eess.SP↗

arXiv2025

Combining SAR Simulators to Train ATR Models with Synthetic Data

This work aims to train Deep Learning models to perform Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. To circumvent the lack of real labelled measurements, we resort to synthetic data produced by SAR simulators. Simulation offers full control over the virtual environment, which enables us to generate large and diversified datasets at will. However, simulations are intrinsically grounded on simplifying assumptions of the real world (i.e. physical models). Thus, synthetic datasets are not as representative as real measurements. Consequently, ATR models trained on synthetic images cannot generalize well on real measurements. Our contributions to this problem are twofold: on one hand, we demonstrate and quantify the impact of the simulation paradigm on the ATR. On the other hand, we propose a new approach to tackle the ATR problem: combine two SAR simulators that are grounded on different (but complementary) paradigms to produce synthetic datasets. To this end, we use two simulators: MOCEM, which is based on a scattering centers model approach, and Salsa, which resorts on a ray tracing strategy. We train ATR models using synthetic dataset generated both by MOCEM and Salsa and our Deep Learning approach called ADASCA. We reach an accuracy of almost 88 % on the MSTAR measurements.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2022

Robust SAR ATR on MSTAR with Deep Learning Models trained on Full Synthetic MOCEM data

The promising potential of Deep Learning for Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images vanishes when considering the complexity of collecting training datasets measurements. Simulation can overcome this issue by producing synthetic training datasets. However, because of the limited representativeness of simulation, models trained in a classical way with synthetic images have limited generalization abilities when dealing with real measurement at test time. Previous works identified a set of equally promising deep-learning algorithms to tackle this issue. However, these approaches have been evaluated in a very favorable scenario with a synthetic training dataset that overfits the ground truth of the measured test data. In this work, we study the ATR problem outside of this ideal condition, which is unlikely to occur in real operational contexts. Our contribution is threefold. (1) Using the MOCEM simulator (developed by SCALIAN DS for the French MoD/DGA), we produce a synthetic MSTAR training dataset that differs significantly from the real measurements. (2) We experimentally demonstrate the limits of the state-of-the-art. (3) We show that domain randomization techniques and adversarial training can be combined to overcome this issue. We demonstrate that this approach is more robust than the state-of-the-art, with an accuracy of 75 %, while having a limited impact on computing performance during training.

cs.CV↗