Narrow Spectra in Heavy Quark Systems
Opportunities to observe new hadrons with very narrow widths are discussed. Two areas of focus are the lowest P-states of heavy-light mesons and doubly heavy baryons.
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arXiv subjects
Estia Eichten
Publications and source records attributed to Estia Eichten.
Exploring S-Wave Threshold Effects in QCD: A Heavy-Light Approach
QCD exhibits complex dynamics near S-wave two-body thresholds. For light mesons, we see this in the failure of quark models to explain the $f_0(500)$ and $K_0^*(700)$ masses. For charmonium, an unexpected $X(3872)$ state appears at the open charm threshold. In heavy-light systems, analogous threshold effects appear for the lowest $J^P = 0^+$ and $1^+$ states in the $D_s$ and $B_s$ systems. Here we describe how lattice QCD can be used to understand these threshold dynamics by smoothly varying the strange-quark mass when studying the heavy-light systems. Small perturbations around the physical strange quark mass are used so to always remain near the physical QCD dynamics. This calculation is a straightforward extension of those already in the literature and can be undertaken by multiple lattice QCD collaborations with minimal computational cost.
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The Search for Beauty-fully Bound Tetraquarks Using Lattice Non-Relativistic QCD
Motivated by multiple phenomenological considerations, we perform the first search for the existence of a $\bar{b}\bar{b}bb$ tetraquark bound state with a mass below the lowest non-interacting bottomonium-pair threshold using the first-principles lattice non-relativistic QCD methodology. We use a full $S$-wave colour/spin basis for the $\bar{b}\bar{b}bb$ operators in the three $0^{++}$, $1^{+-}$ and $2^{++}$ channels. We employ four gluon field ensembles at multiple lattice spacing values ranging from $a = 0.06 - 0.12$ fm, all of which include $u$, $d$, $s$ and $c$ quarks in the sea, and one ensemble which has physical light-quark masses. Additionally, we perform novel exploratory work with the objective of highlighting any signal of a near threshold tetraquark, if it existed, by adding an auxiliary potential into the QCD interactions. With our results we find no evidence of a QCD bound tetraquark below the lowest non-interacting thresholds in the channels studied.
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Would a Deeply Bound $b\bar b b\bar b$ Tetraquark Meson be Observed at the LHC?
There has been much theoretical speculation about the existence of a deeply bounded tetra-bottom state. Such a state would not be expected to be more than a GeV below $ΥΥ$ threshold. If such a state exists below the $η_bη_b$ threshold it would be narrow, as Zweig allowed strong decays are kinematically forbidden. Given the observation of $Υ$ pair production at CMS, such a state with a large branching fraction into $ΥΥ^*$ is likely discoverable at the LHC. The discovery mode is similar to the SM Higgs decaying into four leptons through the $Z Z^*$ channel. The testable features of both production and the four lepton decays of such a tetra-bottom ground state are presented. The assumptions required for each feature are identified, allowing the application of our results more generally to a resonance decaying into four charged leptons (through the $ΥΥ^*$ channel) in the same mass region.
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Project X: Physics Opportunities
Part 2 of "Project X: Accelerator Reference Design, Physics Opportunities, Broader Impacts". In this Part, we outline the particle-physics program that can be achieved with Project X, a staged superconducting linac for intensity-frontier particle physics. Topics include neutrino physics, kaon physics, muon physics, electric dipole moments, neutron-antineutron oscillations, new light particles, hadron structure, hadron spectroscopy, and lattice-QCD calculations. Part 1 is available as arXiv:1306.5022 [physics.acc-ph] and Part 3 is available as arXiv:1306.5024 [physics.acc-ph].
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Using $X(3823)\to J/ψπ^+π^-$ to identify coupled-channel effects
Very recently, the Belle and BESIII experiments observed a new charmonium-like state $X(3823)$, which is a good candidate for the $D$-wave charmonium $ψ(1^3D_2)$. Because the $X(3823)$ is just near the $D\bar{D}^*$ threshold, the decay $X(3823)\to J/ψπ^+π^-$ can be a golden channel to test the significance of coupled-channel effects. In this work, this decay is considered including both the hidden-charm dipion and the usual quantum chromodynamics multipole expansion (QCDME) contributions. The partial decay width, the dipion invariant mass spectrum distribution $\mathrm{d}Γ[X(3823)\to J/ψπ^+π^-]/\mathrm{d}m_{π^+π^-}$, and the corresponding $\mathrm{d}Γ[X(3823)\to J/ψπ^+π^-]/\mathrm{d}\cosθ$ distribution are computed. Many parameters are determined from existing experimental data, so the results depend mainly only on one unknown phase between the QCDME and hidden-charm dipion amplitudes.
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A Staged Muon Accelerator Facility For Neutrino and Collider Physics
Muon-based facilities offer unique potential to provide capabilities at both the Intensity Frontier with Neutrino Factories and the Energy Frontier with Muon Colliders. They rely on a novel technology with challenging parameters, for which the feasibility is currently being evaluated by the Muon Accelerator Program (MAP). A realistic scenario for a complementary series of staged facilities with increasing complexity and significant physics potential at each stage has been developed. It takes advantage of and leverages the capabilities already planned for Fermilab, especially the strategy for long-term improvement of the accelerator complex being initiated with the Proton Improvement Plan (PIP-II) and the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF). Each stage is designed to provide an R&D platform to validate the technologies required for subsequent stages. The rationale and sequence of the staging process and the critical issues to be addressed at each stage, are presented.
physics.acc-ph↗
Measuring the Higgs Self-Coupling Constant at a Multi-TeV Muon Collider
A lepton collider in the multi-TeV range has the potential to measure the trilinear Higgs self-coupling constant $λ_{hhh}$ via the W-fusion mode $\ell^+\ell^- \rightarrow ν_\ell \barν_\ell h h$. In this paper we do a generator-level study to explore how center-of-mass energy spread, cone size, tracking resolution, and collision energy range affect how precisely a muon collider can measure $λ_{hhh}$ in comparison to an $e^+e^-$ collider. The smaller spread in center-of-mass energy and higher energy range of a muon collider improve cross section while the larger cone required to reduce beam-induced background hinders detection of double-Higgs events. Our results motivate a more detailed study of a multi-TeV muon collider and innovative detector and analysis technologies required for background rejection and precision measurement.
hep-ex↗
Quarkonium at the Frontiers of High Energy Physics: A Snowmass White Paper
In this Snowmass White Paper, we discuss physics opportunities involving heavy quarkonia at the intensity and energy frontiers of high energy physics. We focus primarily on two specific aspects of quarkonium physics for which significant advances can be expected from experiments at both frontiers. The first aspect is the spectroscopy of charmonium and bottomonium states above the open-heavy-flavor thresholds. Experiments at e^+ e^- colliders and at hadron colliders have discovered many new, unexpected quarkonium states in the last 10 years. Many of these states are surprisingly narrow, and some have electric charge. The observations of these charged quarkonium states are the first definitive discoveries of manifestly exotic hadrons. These results challenge our understanding of the QCD spectrum. The second aspect is the production of heavy quarkonium states with large transverse momentum. Experiments at the LHC are measuring quarkonium production with high statistics at unprecedented values of p_T. Recent theoretical developments may provide a rigorous theoretical framework for inclusive production of quarkonia at large p_T. Experiments at the energy frontier will provide definitive tests of this framework. Experiments at the intensity frontier also provide an opportunity to understand the exclusive production of quarkonium states.
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Muon Collider Higgs Factory for Snowmass 2013
We propose the construction of, and describe in detail, a compact Muon Collider s-channel Higgs Factory.
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The Case for a Muon Collider Higgs Factory
We propose the construction of a compact Muon Collider Higgs Factory. Such a machine can produce up to \sim 14,000 at 8\times 10^{31} cm^-2 sec^-1 clean Higgs events per year, enabling the most precise possible measurement of the mass, width and Higgs-Yukawa coupling constants.
hep-ph↗
The Muon Collider as a $H/A$ factory
We show that a muon collider is ideally suited for the study of heavy H/A scalars, cousins of the Higgs boson found in two-Higgs doublet models and required in supersymmetric models. The key aspects of H/A are: (1) they are narrow, yet have a width-to-mass ratio far larger than the expected muon collider beam-energy resolution, and (2) the larger muon Yukawa allows efficient s-channel production. We study in detail a representative Natural Supersymmetry model which has a 1.5 Tev H/A with $m_H$- $m_A$ = 10 Gev. The large event rates at resonant peak allow the determination of the individual H and A resonance parameters (including CP) and the decays into electroweakinos provides a wealth of information unavailable to any other present or planned collider.
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A Higgs Impostor in Low-Scale Technicolor
We propose a "Higgs impostor" model for the 125 GeV boson, $X$, recently discovered at the LHC. It is a technipion, $η_T$, with $I^G J^{PC} = 0^- 0^{-+}$ expected in this mass region in low-scale technicolor. Its coupling to pairs of standard-model gauge bosons are dimension-five operators whose strengths are determined within the model. It is easy for the gluon fusion rate $σB(gg \to η_T \to γγ)$ to agree with the measured one, but $η_T \to ZZ^*,\,WW^*$ are greatly suppressed relative to the standard-model Higgs rates. This is a crucial test of our proposal. In this regard, we assess the most recent data on $X$ decay modes, with a critical discussion of $X \to ZZ^* \to 4\ell$. In our model the $η_T$ mixes almost completely with the isovector $π^0_T$, giving two similar states, $η_L$ at 125 Gev and $η_H$ higher, possibly in the range 170--190 Gev. Important consequences of this mixing are (1) the only associated production of et al is via $\to \to W η_L$, and this could be sizable; (2) $η_H$ may soon be accessible in $gg \to η_H \to γγ$; and (3) LSTC phenomenology at the LHC is substantially modified.
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Testing the Technicolor Interpretation of the CDF Dijet Excess at the 8-TeV LHC
Under the assumption that the dijet excess seen by the CDF Collaboration near 150 Gev in Wjj production is due to the lightest technipion of the low-scale technicolor process $ρ_T \rightarrow W π_T$, we study its observability in LHC detectors for 8 TeV collisions and 20 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity. We describe interesting new kinematic tests that can provide independent confirmation of this LSTC hypothesis. We show that cuts similar to those employed by CDF, and recently by ATLAS, cannot confirm the dijet signal. We propose cuts tailored to the LSTC hypothesis and its backgrounds at the LHC that may reveal $ρ_T \rightarrow \ellνjj$. Observation of the isospin-related channel $ρ^{\pm}_T \rightarrow Z π^{\pm}_T \rightarrow \ell^+\ell^- jj$ and of $ρ^{\pm}_T \rightarrow WZ$ in the $\ell^+\ell^-\ell^{pm}ν_\ell$ and $\ell^+\ell^- jj$ modes will be important confirmations of the LSTC interpretation of the CDF signal. The $Zπ_T$ channel is experimentally cleaner than $Wπ_T$ and its rate is known from $Wπ_T$ by phase space. It can be discovered or excluded with the collider data expected by the end of 2012. The $WZ \rightarrow 3\ellν$ channel is cleanest of all and its rate is determined from $Wπ_T$ and the LSTC parameter $\sinχ$. This channel and $WZ \to \ell^+\ell^- jj$ are discussed as a function of $\sinχ$.
hep-ph↗
Testing the Technicolor Interpretation of CDF's Dijet Excess at the LHC
Under the assumption that the dijet excess seen by the CDF Collaboration near 150 Gev in Wjj production is due to the lightest technipion of the low-scale technicolor process $ρ_T \rightarrow W π_T$, we study its observability in LHC detectors with 1--20 inverse femtobarns of data. We describe interesting new kinematic tests that can provide independent confirmation of this LSTC hypothesis. We find that cuts similar to those employed by CDF, and recently by ATLAS, cannot confirm the dijet signal. We propose cuts tailored to the LSTC hypothesis and its backgrounds at the LHC that may reveal $ρ_T \rightarrow \ellνjj$. Observation of the isospin-related channel $ρ^{pm}_T \rightarrow Z π^{pm}_T \rightarrow \ell^+ \ell^- jj$ and of $ρ^{pm}_T \rightarrow WZ$ in the three lepton plus neutrino and dilepton plus dijet modes will be important confirmations of the LSTC interpretation of the CDF signal. The $Zπ_T$ channel is experimentally cleaner than $Wπ_T$ and its rate is known from $Wπ_T$ by phase space. It can be discovered or excluded with the collider data expected in 2012. The $WZ \rightarrow 3\ellν$ channel is cleanest of all and its rate is determined from $Wπ_T$ and the LSTC parameter $\sinχ$. This channel and $WZ \rightarrow \ell^+\ell^- jj$ are discussed as a function of $\sinχ$.
hep-ph↗
Testing CDF's Dijet Excess and Technicolor at the LHC
Under the assumption that the dijet excess seen by the CDF Collaboration near 150 Gev in Wjj production is due to the lightest technipion of the low-scale technicolor process $ρ_T \rightarrow W π_T$, we study its observability in LHC detectors with 1-5 fb^{-1} of data. We find that cuts similar to those employed by CDF are unlikely to confirm its signal. We propose cuts tailored to the LSTC hypothesis and its backgrounds at the LHC that can reveal $π_T \rightarrow jj$. We also stress the importance at the LHC of the isospin-related channel $ρ^{\pm}_T \rightarrow Zπ^{\pm}_T \rightarrow \ell\ell jj$ and the all-lepton mode $ρ^{pm}_T \rightarrow WZ \rightarrow 3\ell + ν$.
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Low-Scale Technicolor at the Tevatron and LHC
The Tevatron experiments CDF and DO are close to making definitive statements about the technicolor discovery mode rho_T -> W pi_T for M(rho_T) <~ 230 GeV and M(pi_T) <~ 125 GeV. We propose new incisive tests for this mode and searches for others that may be feasible at the Tevatron and certainly are at the LHC. The other searches include two long discussed, namely, omega_T -> gamma pi_T and l+l-, and a new one -- for the I^G J^{PC} = 1^- 1^{++} partner, a_T, of the rho_T. Adopting the argument that the technicolor contribution to S is reduced if M(a_T) is near M(rho_T), we enumerate important a_T decays and estimate production rates at the colliders.
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Quarkonia and their transitions
Valuable data on quarkonia (the bound states of a heavy quark Q=c,b and the corresponding antiquark) have recently been provided by a variety of sources, mainly e+ e- collisions, but also hadronic interactions. This permits a thorough updating of the experimental and theoretical status of electromagnetic and strong transitions in quarkonia. We discuss QQbar transitions to other QQbar states, with some reference to processes involving QQbar annihilation.
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